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WorksheetsRespiratory and Circulatory Systems
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 16mins
Countercurrent exchange in the fish gills helps to maximize
blood pressure
diffusion
active transport
osmosis
In the countercurrent exchange in a fish's gills, the oxygen concentration is always _______ in the blood than the water along the entire pathway of each lamella.
the same
higher
lower
varies depending on the time of the year
Which of the following statements comparing respiration in fish and in mammals is correct?
The respiratory medium for fish carries more oxygen than the respiratory medium of mammals.
A countercurrent exchange mechanism between the respiratory medium and blood flow is seen in mammals but not in fish.
In blood, oxygen is primarily transported by plasma in fish, but by red blood cells in mammals.
The movement of the respiratory medium in mammals is bidirectional, but in fish it is unidirectional.
Which of the following is not a common adaptation for respiratory gas exchange?
Countercurrent flow
Minimizing the diffusion path length through an aqueous medium
Maximizing partial pressure gradients
Mechanisms to adjust the temperature of the medium to increase diffusion
Increasing the surface area over which diffusion of gases can occur
The respiratory system of insects consists of
Trachea that supply O2 to cells
Branched gills that end in trachea
Branched gills that end in spiracles
Layers of gas exchange material just under the exoskeleton
Bird and fish respiratory systems are similar in that both
employ a countercurrent exchanger
have air sacs
function by means of unidirectional flow of the environmental medium over the gas exchange membranes
consist of tidal flow of air
A major disadvantage for O2 exchange in mammal lungs is
one-way air flow
two-way air flow
dry surfaces
positive pressure breathing
Organisms with a circulating body fluid that is distinct from the fluid that directly surrounds the body's cells are likely to have _____.
a closed circulatory system
an open circulatory system
a gastrovascular cavity
branched tracheae
Mammalian, bird, and crocodile hearts have four chambers with two separate atria and ventricles to ensure _____ distinct circuits for blood flow.
1
2
3
4
The only vertebrates in which blood flows directly from respiratory organs to body tissues without first returning to the heart are the _____.
amphibians
mammals
fishes
reptiles
In which way are crocodilians different from other reptiles?
they have open circulation
they have bigger atria
they have lungs but no gills
they have a 4-chambered heart
Why is an open circulatory system less efficient than a closed circulatory system?
It is more difficult to deliver O2 to specific tissues when needed
There is no heart to pump the blood
Open circulatory systems lack hemoglobin
Nutrients can't be delievered to tissues in an open circulatory system
The rate at which a gas diffuses between two locations is _______ the surface area involved.
unrelated to
negatively related to
positively related to
the square root of
The greatest metabolic advantage of a fish's two-chambered heart is
its ability to pump blood under high pressure to all areas of the fish's body
its ability to pump blood to the gills for gas exchange before the blood is pumped to the remaining areas of the body
its ability to stay full of blood even as it is emptying into the conus arteriosus
its ability to keep oxygen-rich blood in one chamber separate from oxygen-poor blood in the other chamber
its ability to maintain a constant blood pressure in the fish
Which of the following statements is not true?
Both arteries and veins have a layer of smooth muscle
Both arteries and veins branch out into capillary beds
Only arteries carry oxygenated blood
Precapillary sphincters regulate blood flow through capillaries
