WorksheetsEthical Issues in organisations
Total questions: 152
Worksheet time: 1hrs 23mins
________is essential at work because you must be able to work with others, especially if you don’t always agree with them.
Communication
Cooperation
Honesty
Integrity
…………… work ethic is important because when you are at work, you are expected to perform your duties without wasting time or getting paid for doing very little.
Loyalty
Productivity
Organizational Skills
Respect
What is business ethics?
The study of business situations, activities, and decisions where issues of right and wrong are addressed
Defined as decisions organisations make on issues that could be considered right or wrong
Ethics that can be applied to an organisation’s practises
Ethical processes businesses use in order to achieve a good ethical standard
The three major types of ethical issues include except?
Communication issues
Systematic issues
Corporate issues
Individual issues
______ is the ability to commit to doing what is right no matter the situation.
Morale
Drive
Devotion
Dedication
It is important to have a good ____________ to be successful in your career.
Appearance
Attitude
Behavior
Respect
A person who is punished (or not rewarded) for unethical behaviour ______________.
will be a model employee.
will quit the firm.
. will be angry.
will continue to behave unethically.
is less likely to repeat the behaviour.
An employee’s response to a moral or ethical issue depends in part on
what competitors are doing.
how dumb consumers are.
what shift he or she is working.
the structure and culture of the organization.
only his or her personal moral philosophy.
The principal cause of ethical compromises within business is _________.
helping the company survive.
meeting overly aggressive financial or business objectives.
meeting schedule pressures.
saving jobs.
Which of the following is not usually the objective of a code of ethics?
to create an ethical workplace
to evaluate the ethical components of the proposed actions of the employees
to improve the public image of the company
to enhance the profits of the business continuously
Which of these devices uses the least amount of energy?
Desktop
Laptop
Mobile Phone
What impact is this?
Which one of these scenarios are ethical issues
A company is thinking of employing a robot that will make most of the workforce redundant
Someone creates an AI
A judge decides to give someone a prison sentence
Someone hacks a computer
Who of these groups are likely stakeholders for a fast food company app for delivery
Customers
Shareholders
Programmers of the app
All of the answers
Companies creating an app will need to be aware of
Legislation
Ethical issues that might arise from releasing the app
Cultural issues
All of the answers
There is always a right answer to an ethical question
True
False
What is a benefit of using robots in the health service in the future
Reduces human error
Many people will prefer speaking to robots
Jobs created will outweigh those that are lost
AI devices like Alexa should listen out for criminal activity
Environmental issue
Ethical issue
Legal issue
Censorship is...
where a group of people are prevented from accessing certain information
where a group of people can view things under surveillance
where a group of people are allowed access to all information
1.Government organisations block content related to alleged extreme politics. This is an example of ……………..?
A.Privacy issue
B.Censorship
C.Monitoring
D.Legal issue
2.Monitoring behaviour of employees is an example of …………..?
A.Privacy issue
B.Censorship
C.Legal issue
D.Effect of computers on workforce
3.Complete this sentence: Artificial intelligence enables computers to perform activities at a human expert level using complex ………………………
A.Skills
B.Understanding
C.Interfaces
D.Algorithms
4.Which of the following is an example of a positive effect of the computer on the environment?
A.Computer disposal
B.Energy consumption
C.Allows work from home culture
D.Production of computers
5.What aspect of a website plays an important role in increasing its global viewership?
A.Layout
B.Colour
C.Character set
D.All of the above
6. Which of the following is the correct method to dispose of old computers and mobile phones?
A.Throw it in the dump
B.Recycle, donate or trade-in old devices
C.Burn old devices to destroy the contents
9.Which of the following does lower the energy consumed by a computer?
A.Switch off the computer when not in use
B.Turn down the brightness settings of the monitor
C.Turn off the peripherals when not in use
D.All of the above
10.Which of the following is incorrect about how the computer has affected the workforce?
A.The skill set required for each job is different from the use of computers
B.Computers without any human intervention
C.Automatic decision-making abilities of computer enable 24 hours of operation in some fields
D.The number of employees required in some organisations has reduced
Which law protects individuals personal data that may be collected by a business?
Copyright Law
Computer Misuse Act
Data Protection Act
RIPA
Which law protects creative works from being used without the owners permission?
Copyright Law
Computer Misuse Act
Data Protection Act
RIPA
What is open source software?
Software that does not allow the user to view the code
Software that has a licence for a certain number of people to use
Software where the code is freely available for anyone to use
Why might it be difficult to tell if code has been copied from someone else?
If the 2 programs do the same thing its likely they will be similar
Small sections could be the same by coincidence
Programmers may have similar coding styles
Some people think all code should be freely available. Why do you think this is?
Can lead to higher levels of innovation
Copying code could result in multiple products having the same bugs;
It is difficult to be sure that program code has been copied
Michael uses some of the software he develops for SekureSoft in his own games software
Legal
Moral/ethical
Michael employs people in China and India to write routines for his game software; he pays them a very low wage to do this work.
Legal
Moral/Ethical
Do you think the Government should have access to our private data?
Yes
No
Which law was designed to give certain groups the legal right to carry out digital surveillance and access digital communication held by a person or organisation.
Data Protection Act
Computer Misuse Act
Copyright Law
RIPA
Which of these toxic elements is NOT found in computers ?
Lead
Cadmium
Mercury
Plutonium
Behaving ethically means doing..?
what your friends do.
only what’s legal.
the right thing.
what benefits you the most.
Do you think doing the right thing and doing what's legal, the same ?
YES
NO
The first and foremost obligation of registered professional engineers is to:
The public welfare
Their employer
The government
The engineering profession
WHICH SENSE OF ENGINEERING ETHICS DO YOU THINK YIELDS BETTER RESULTS
NORMATIVE
DESCRIPTIVE
An Engineer who observes his colleague copying confidential information unauthorized
Micro Issue
Macro Issue
Which ethical theory incorporates the three-part soul?
Aristotle
Kant
Plato
Utilitarianism
Which part of your soul should be in control of you?
Reason
Appetite
Spirit
Rage
TRUE or FALSE: Selfishness is the same as self-interest.
TRUE
FALSE
Which part of the soul is responsible for seeking pleasure and avoiding pain?
Appetite
Rage
Spirit
Reason
Which of the following best states the position of utilitarianism?
Act only on that maxim which you can will to be a universal law.
Maximize pleasure and minimize pain for the greatest number of people.
Sentiment and emotion are what drive us to make moral choices that we make.
Do those actions that benefit your own long-term self-interest.
What is ethics?
Ethics is philosophical study.
Ethics is a subject.
Ethics is philosophical study of good and bad, right and wrong
Ethics is your character.
WHY is ethics important in a society?
Allow people to behave well.
Allow society to function, helping people to interact with their daily lives in a functional way.
Allow people to voice their concerns.
Allow people to follow the rules.
Family influence is one of the influential agents on the formation of an individual's ethics.
True
False
_____________ theory states that the God has revealed his will in the form of commands that are made available to us through oral tradition & holy scripture.
Relativism
Divine Command Theory
Utilitarianism
Ethical egoism
___________________ theory states that the right and wrong are based on social norms.
Divine Command Theory
Ethical Relativism
Utilitarianism
Ethical Egoism
A ____________ is a person, who could be an employee of a company, or a government agency, disclosing information to the public or some higher authority about any wrongdoing, which could be in the form of fraud, corruption, etc.
Citizen journalism
Net neutrality
Mining of personal data for profit
Whistleblower/Leaker
Five moral dimensions of the information age:
Information rights and obligations
Quality of life
System quality
Accountability and control
Property rights and obligations
Basic concepts for ethical analysis
Due process:
Responsibility
Accountability
Liability
Three main ways that intellectual property is protected:
Trade secret
Copyright
Patents
Court Order
The figure explain about ?
How Server Identify Web Visitors
How Spyware Identify Web Visitors
How Cookies Identify Web Visitors
How System Identify Web Visitors
________ is the use of computers to assemble data from different sources to create electronic dossiers of detailed information about individuals.
Profiling
Phishing
Spamming
Targeting
Spyware
________ is a new data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources.
HIPAA
FIP
NORA
COPPA
Spyware
Interpretations of Moore's law assert that:
computing power doubles every 18 months.
computing power will eventually level off.
transistors decrease in size 50% every two years.
data storage costs decrease by 50% every 18 months.
Which of the following best describes the effects that new information technology has on society?
It has a dampening effect on the discourse of business ethics.
It is beneficial for society as a whole, while raising dilemmas for consumers.
It has a ripple effect, raising new ethical, social and political issues.
It has a waterfall effect in raising ever more complex ethical issues.
Cookies created during Web site visits are stored
on the Web site's server.
on the user's computer.
on servers owned by advertising networks.
in the browser's application settings.
nowhere, because they are only used during a visit and are discarded once a visitor leaves the Web site.
What can you elaborate about this figure
Society as a calm pond. A model for thinking about ethical, social, and political Issues.
IT as rock dropped in pond, creating ripples of new situations not covered by old rules.
Social and political institutions cannot respond overnight to these ripples—it may take years to develop etiquette, expectations, laws.
Requires understanding of ethics to make choices in legally gray areas
Information systems raise new ethical questions because they create opportunities for:
Intense social change, threatening existing distributions of power, money, rights, and obligations
New kinds of crime
Principles of right and wrong that individuals, acting as free moral agents, use to make choices to guide their behaviors
Requires understanding of ethics to make choices in legally gray areas
Responsibility:
Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for decisions
True
False
Liability:
Mechanisms for identifying responsible parties
True
False
Due process:
Laws are well-known and understood, with an ability to appeal to higher authorities
True
False
Action taken under European Directive on Data Protection:
EU member nations cannot transfer personal data to countries without similar privacy protection.
Stricter enforcement under consideration:
Identify browser and track visits to site
Companies must inform people information is collected and disclose how it is stored and used.
Internet challenges to privacy:
Cookies
Identify browser and track visits to site
Super cookies (Flash cookies)
Web beacons (Web bugs)
Tiny graphics embedded in e-mails and Web pages
Monitor who is reading e-mail message or visiting site
Spyware
Surreptitiously installed on user’s computer
May transmit user’s keystrokes or display unwanted ads
Google services and behavioral targeting
Intellectual property: intangible property of any kind created by individuals or corporations
True
False
In the ________ model of informed consent, personal information can be collected until the consumer specifically requests that his or her data not be collected.
opt-in
opt-out
P3P
PGP
IPA
Key differences between software and books include all of the following except
software contains more information than a book.
software is less easily inspected than a book.
software products are more easily compared to each other than books.
software is understood to be more fallible than a book.
it is more difficult to inspect software for flaws.
"Just because something is legal does not mean that it is ethical."
This phrase belongs to Deontology theory.
True
False
Deontologists tend to reason as follows, “I strongly believe that x is the best decision because everyone has a duty to treat elsewhere respect.”
True
False
Virtue ethics are based on cultivating good habits.
True
False
Greater pool of knowledge is NOT an advantage of Group Decision Making.
True
False
If you have been part of the group that has brought into final decision, you will have deeper commitment to the decision.
True
False
Brainstorming is a technique used to help groups generate multiple ideas and alternatives in problem solving.
True
False
There are 10 Rules for good brainstorming session.
True
False
A.F Osborn who developed Brainstorming Technique was an Engineer.
True
False
There are THREE (3) main types of conflicts.
True
False
Personality conflicts happens because a manager does NOT like his/her employee.
True
False
Group decision making also known as collaborative decision making.
True
False
Decision Trees are one of the tools in Decision Making.
True
False
Organisations and individuals DO NOT use decision trees as part of decision making because they are very hard and messy.
True
False
Decision Trees are mostly used for ethical dilemmas.
True
False
Groups takes longer time to make decisions.
True
False
The larger the group, the lower the quality of the decision.
True
False
Decision making accuracy is lower when group member know a good deal about relevant issues.
True
False
Conflict only takes one form in an organisation.
True
False
Being a good listener is a way to build cross-cultural relationships.
True
False
Conflict is simply disagreement, a perfectly normal state of affairs.
True
False
Conflict may take place in 6 different forms.
True
False
From the standpoint of the organization, dysfunctional conflict is a conflict that hinders the organization’s performance or threatens its interests.
True
False
Natural for people in functional organizations to pursue different objectives and to be rewarded accordingly, but this means that conflict is practically built into the system.
True
False
Dysfunctional conflict is a conflict that increases an organization’s performance.
True
False
A Manager must do whatever they can to remove negative conflict.
True
False
Openness is one of the behaviours which will help someone to handle conflict a better way.
True
False
Being positive is NOT how a person handle conflict.
True
False
Asking questions or interrogating your assumptions can also help us think outside the box to solve problems.
True
False
Group decision making also known as collaborative decision making.
True
False
Group decisions are subject to factors such as deontology, egoism, and utilitarianism.
True
False
What is the definition of adaptability?
Willingness to change or compromise
Being able to adjust to new conditions
Wise and effective strategist who reviews past
Past performance and present situation
Ahmad is a strategic decision maker. Which of the following attributes/habits does he have?
Sensitivity
Contextualise information
Always sleeping
Wake up early
‘Strategists have a knack for identifying patterns and making meaning out of overarching trends.’ Which of the following characteristics of a strategic decision-maker matches the above?
Ability to connect dots
Ability to contextualize
Inquisitive mind
Flexible attitude
Managers readily empathize with other managers and want to do what a good manager would do in a particular situation. These Managers use_________theory.
Social group relativism
Utilitarianism
Cultural relativism
Deontology
How many ‘Ethical Hazard Approaching’ signs are there?
12
10
11
9
“It may seem unethical BUT it is just part of the job” The above refers to….
‘Ethical Hazard Approaching’ sign
Strategic decision making
Group decision making
Virtue ethics
____________ consist of assets like a strong corporate structure and a robust human resources department.
Weakness
Tiredness
Strength
Opportunity
“What obstacles do we face?” This question is asked when analysing
Threats
Opportunities
Subtopic
Wins
Why SWOT Analysis is important?
It is fun and easy
It helps to analyse which possible decision is BEST for the moment.
It makes our decision-making process very easy.
It is best when it comes to group decision making.
There are_________ main disadvantages of Group decision making.
3
6
5
4
Which of the following is NOT one of the five attributes of a strategic decision maker?
Strategic foresight
Inquisitive mind
Sensitivity
Ability to connect DOTS
Strategic Foresight gives us a framework to identify___________, and then use this insight to map out possible futures.
Well informed maps
Current strategy
Emerging trends and issues
Breakthrough innovations
What is an inquisitive mind?
Curious mind which develops knowledge
Strategic mind which develops breakthrough innovation
Creative mind which leads to transformative change
Bad mind which fails to make good decisions
How many Ethical theories are there?
6
8
2
10
Which of the following is one of the Ethical theories?
Strategic decision making
Group decision
Egoism
Dancing Culture
Ali always asks himself, “How does the action relate to me? If the action furthers my interest, then it is alright.” Which of the following Ethical theories does Ali follow?
Social group relativism
Utilitarianism
Egoism
Deontology
Which of the following is a decision-making tool?
Ethical Decision
Deontology
SWOT Analysis
Utilitarianism
Which of the following stands for SWOT?
Strengths, Wins, Online, Threats
Subtopic, Wins, Opportunities, Threats
Sunlight, Weakness, Optimism, Threats
Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
How many Advantages are there for Group Decision Making?
3
5
4
1
Extroversion is how________, sociable and assertive a person is.
Silent
Shy
Lazy
Talkative
Which legislation covers ways to prevent RSI?
HASAWA
H&S (DSE) Regulations
GDPR
H&S (First Aid) Regulations
Under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) employers can be issued with an 'enforcement notice'. What does this mean?
A date when their premises will be inspected by health and safety officials
A summons to appear in court
A formal report detailing the dismissal of the Managing Director
The organisation in breach of legislation is required to take specific steps to comply with the law
Which one of the following statements is incorrect? 'In order to comply with GDPR an organisation should' . . .
Issue staff with usernames and passwords to keep information secure
Dispose of confidential information by shredding
Use personal USBs and pen drives to make backup copies of sensitive data
Not pass on confidential information to unauthorised third parties
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of failing to comply with GDPR?
Fines of upto 20million euros for a serious breach or 4% of global turnover (whichever is greater)
Compensation payments to data subject who has suffered damage as a result of failure to comply
Increased reputation and gained trust due to attracting new customers from rivals
Enforcement notices issued from ICO, requiring organisation to take specific steps to comply with the law
Which UK independent public body is responsible for upholding information rights and data privacy?
International Control Office (ICO)
Federal Bureau of Information (FBI)
Information Commissioner's Office (ICO)
Control Information Association (CIA)
Which method of communicating updates in legislation to employees matches this description:
When a new employee starts they should receive a copy of the health and safety policy and also receive any necessary training on health and safety issues
Display notice boards
General staff training
Demonstrations and role play
Induction training
Which method of communicating updates in legislation to employees matches this description:
By placing posters about changes throughout the organisation (in a place that is likely to be seen e.g. staff room notice board) the organisation can provide a constant reminder. These posters should be eye-catching and may include diagrams to help make instructions clearer
Display notice board
Company intranet
Staff meeting
Induction training
Which method of communicating updates in legislation to employees matches this description:
Used to pass on key information to staff as all staff will have access to this, and files can be stored in a folder named clearly for H&S purposes. More than one member of staff can access this at the same time, and can be referred to easily if needed. Ensures all staff access the most up-to-date information.
Internet
Intranet
Display Notice Board
Memo
Which FOUR of the following would be a consequence of a GDPR breach?
Good reputation for the organisation
Unhappy customers with lack of trust for the organisation
Time/cost of re-instating lost data - may need to hire specialists
Compensation may need to be paid to customers/staff
Organisation could receive a fine from ICO
Which of the following is NOT a practical way to comply with fire legislation in an organisation?
Display fire safety notices including where fire evacuation points are
Carry out regular fire risk assessments
Ensure all fire escape routes and emergency exits are obstructed
Have fire fighting equipment all around the building e.g. fire extinguishers
