Mohammad Hatta was born in Fort De Kock (now known as Bukittinggi) into a prominent and strongly Islamic family. His mother's family was wealthy, and Hatta was able to study Dutch as well as finishing Qur'an after school.

In 1919, Hatta went to the HBS in Batavia. He completed his study with distinction in 1921, and was allowed to continue to study at the Erasmus University

Rotterdam) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He took economics as his major and earned a doctorandus degree in 1932.

In the Netherlands, Hatta joined the Indische Vereeniging. In 1922, the organization changed its name to Indonesische Vereeniging and later to its Indonesian translation: the Perhimpoenan

Indonesia.

By the middle of 1927, Perhimpoenan Indonesia's activities had alarmed the Dutch authorities. In June 1927, Dutch authorities raided the residence of the organization's leaders, searching through their rooms and putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars. After spending nearly six months in prison, they were taken to trial in the Hague. They were permitted to explain themselves during the hearing, and Hatta took to the opportunity to explain Indonesia's nationalist cause. He made a speech to the court explaining that Indonesia's interests were in conflict with those of the Dutch, and that was why they could not cooperate. Hatta advocated cooperation between Indonesia and the Netherlands, but only if Indonesia was independent and treated as an equal partner, not unequally because of its status as a colony. The speech became famous and it is known as the Indonesia Vrij (Indonesia Merdeka) or Free Indonesia speech.

In 1929, Hatta and other Perhimpoenan Indonesia activists were released. In July 1932, Hatta made his way home to Indonesia.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Mohammad Hatta)

Why did the Dutch authorities put Hatta behind the bars? Because …

Mohammad Hatta was born in Fort De Kock (now known as Bukittinggi) into a prominent and strongly Islamic family. His mother's family was wealthy, and Hatta was able to study Dutch as well as finishing Qur'an after school.

In 1919, Hatta went to the HBS in Batavia. He completed his study with distinction in 1921, and was allowed to continue to study at the Erasmus University

Rotterdam) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He took economics as his major and earned a doctorandus degree in 1932.

In the Netherlands, Hatta joined the Indische Vereeniging. In 1922, the organization changed its name to Indonesische Vereeniging and later to its Indonesian translation: the Perhimpoenan

Indonesia.

By the middle of 1927, Perhimpoenan Indonesia's activities had alarmed the Dutch authorities. In June 1927, Dutch authorities raided the residence of the organization's leaders, searching through their rooms and putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars. After spending nearly six months in prison, they were taken to trial in the Hague. They were permitted to explain themselves during the hearing, and Hatta took to the opportunity to explain Indonesia's nationalist cause. He made a speech to the court explaining that Indonesia's interests were in conflict with those of the Dutch, and that was why they could not cooperate. Hatta advocated cooperation between Indonesia and the Netherlands, but only if Indonesia was independent and treated as an equal partner, not unequally because of its status as a colony. The speech became famous and it is known as the Indonesia Vrij (Indonesia Merdeka) or Free Indonesia speech.

In 1929, Hatta and other Perhimpoenan Indonesia activists were released. In July 1932, Hatta made his way home to Indonesia.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Mohammad Hatta)

From the text we know that …

Mohammad Hatta was born in Fort De Kock (now known as Bukittinggi) into a prominent and strongly Islamic family. His mother's family was wealthy, and Hatta was able to study Dutch as well as finishing Qur'an after school.

In 1919, Hatta went to the HBS in Batavia. He completed his study with distinction in 1921, and was allowed to continue to study at the Erasmus University

Rotterdam) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He took economics as his major and earned a doctorandus degree in 1932.

In the Netherlands, Hatta joined the Indische Vereeniging. In 1922, the organization changed its name to Indonesische Vereeniging and later to its Indonesian translation: the Perhimpoenan

Indonesia.

By the middle of 1927, Perhimpoenan Indonesia's activities had alarmed the Dutch authorities. In June 1927, Dutch authorities raided the residence of the organization's leaders, searching through their rooms and putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars. After spending nearly six months in prison, they were taken to trial in the Hague. They were permitted to explain themselves during the hearing, and Hatta took to the opportunity to explain Indonesia's nationalist cause. He made a speech to the court explaining that Indonesia's interests were in conflict with those of the Dutch, and that was why they could not cooperate. Hatta advocated cooperation between Indonesia and the Netherlands, but only if Indonesia was independent and treated as an equal partner, not unequally because of its status as a colony. The speech became famous and it is known as the Indonesia Vrij (Indonesia Merdeka) or Free Indonesia speech.

In 1929, Hatta and other Perhimpoenan Indonesia activists were released. In July 1932, Hatta made his way home to Indonesia.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Mohammad Hatta)

“…putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars.”(Paragraph 3). The underlined phrase means ….

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam

Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years

old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common

tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque

because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the

mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was

not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days

because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred

to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to

read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded

by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be

a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no

longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a

diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from

the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to

follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to

leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

What did Hamka do during spending his childhood in the mosque?

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam

Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years

old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common

tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque

because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the

mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was

not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days

because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred

to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to

read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded

by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be

a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no

longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a

diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from

the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to

follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to

leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

What made people in Padang Panjang not respect his speech?

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam

Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years

old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common

tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque

because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the

mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was

not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days

because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred

to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to

read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded

by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be

a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no

longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a

diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from

the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to

follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to

leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

From the text we know that …

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

The underlined word “derided” in the last paragraph means …

Ali Akbar Navis (born in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra November 17, 1924 - died in Padang March 22, 2003 at 78 years of age) was a prominent Indonesian author, poet and humorist.

Navis showed signs of creativity from a young age. Before discovering his talents as a writer, he was an accomplished flautist and viola player. He was also a skilled painter. His skill as a writer led to his appointment on the Central Sumatra Cultural Committee from 1953–55, and his good English language skills meant he was often asked to assist foreign scholars studying Minangkabau culture.

Navis rose to prominence with the story Surau Kami in 1955, which was voted one of the three best stories of the year by the literary magazine, Kisah. The story was considered very brave in criticizing the pious who neglect the poor. His collection of short stories was released under the same title in 1956 and has been translated into English, German and Japanese.

Navis taught many other writers while producing his own short stories, novels, poetry, children’s stories, radio plays and essays on cultural and social problems. He wrote 22 books, plus five anthologies with other poets, and eight anthologies abroad. He also composed 106 papers for academic publishers and activities at home and abroad. They were later collected in the book A Walk Along the Way.

Between 1971-1982 Navis served as a member of his home province's house of representatives. He also served as President of the INS KayuTanam, an educational foundation. He was also concerned about the quality of national education, especially what he saw as the failure to read and write with open minds. Navis died after a long illness.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>A.A_Navis)

One skill that made Navis prominent is ….

Ali Akbar Navis (born in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra November 17, 1924 - died in Padang March 22, 2003 at 78 years of age) was a prominent Indonesian author, poet and humorist.

Navis showed signs of creativity from a young age. Before discovering his talents as a writer, he was an accomplished flautist and viola player. He was also a skilled painter. His skill as a writer led to his appointment on the Central Sumatra Cultural Committee from 1953–55, and his good English language skills meant he was often asked to assist foreign scholars studying Minangkabau culture.

Navis rose to prominence with the story Surau Kami in 1955, which was voted one of the three best stories of the year by the literary magazine, Kisah. The story was considered very brave in criticizing the pious who neglect the poor. His collection of short stories was released under the same title in 1956 and has been translated into English, German and Japanese.

Navis taught many other writers while producing his own short stories, novels, poetry, children’s stories, radio plays and essays on cultural and social problems. He wrote 22 books, plus five anthologies with other poets, and eight anthologies abroad. He also composed 106 papers for academic publishers and activities at home and abroad. They were later collected in the book A Walk Along the Way.

Between 1971-1982 Navis served as a member of his home province's house of representatives. He also served as President of the INS KayuTanam, an educational foundation. He was also concerned about the quality of national education, especially what he saw as the failure to read and write with open minds. Navis died after a long illness.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>A.A_Navis)

What made Surau Kami be voted one of the three best stories?

Atta Halilintar

Muhammad Attamimi Halilintar (Atta Halilintar) was born on November 20th, 1994. He's already been known as a public figure, entrepreneur, traveller and content creator, thanks to YouTube which, makes his content were viewed by more 300 million people who instantly made his name being famous.

He’s only 22, talented and got into the apparel industry and travel agency at a young age. Atta was born in Dumai, first child of 11 siblings from Halilintar Anofial Asmid (father) and Lenggogeni Faruk (mother). Inherited from his parents who has passion in trading and expeditions, Atta spent challenging childhood. He already travelled many places around the world. He has become a businessman since primary school. At fifth grade, he's already sold handicraft to his friend and marketing his father communication products. Among his friends, Atta is known as self-motivated, reliable, responsible and hard working person. It comes no surprise he is passionately in love with fashion and travel.

What did you learn from Atta's life story?

Atta Halilintar

Muhammad Attamimi Halilintar (Atta Halilintar) was born on November 20th, 1994. He's already been known as a public figure, entrepreneur, traveller and content creator, thanks to YouTube which, makes his content were viewed by more 300 million people who instantly made his name being famous.

He’s only 22, talented and got into the apparel industry and travel agency at a young age. Atta was born in Dumai, first child of 11 siblings from Halilintar Anofial Asmid (father) and Lenggogeni Faruk (mother). Inherited from his parents who has passion in trading and expeditions, Atta spent challenging childhood. He already travelled many places around the world. He has become a businessman since primary school. At fifth grade, he's already sold handicraft to his friend and marketing his father communication products. Among his friends, Atta is known as self-motivated, reliable, responsible and hard working person. It comes no surprise he is passionately in love with fashion and travel.

How did Atta help his family economy?

Atta Halilintar

Muhammad Attamimi Halilintar (Atta Halilintar) was born on November 20th, 1994. He's already been known as a public figure, entrepreneur, traveller and content creator, thanks to YouTube which, makes his content were viewed by more 300 million people who instantly made his name being famous.

He’s only 22, talented and got into the apparel industry and travel agency at a young age. Atta was born in Dumai, first child of 11 siblings from Halilintar Anofial Asmid (father) and Lenggogeni Faruk (mother). Inherited from his parents who has passion in trading and expeditions, Atta spent challenging childhood. He already travelled many places around the world. He has become a businessman since primary school. At fifth grade, he's already sold handicraft to his friend and marketing his father communication products. Among his friends, Atta is known as self-motivated, reliable, responsible and hard working person. It comes no surprise he is passionately in love with fashion and travel.

Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the text above?

ALBERT EINSTEIN

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14^th, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself geometry when he was 12 years old. School made him bored because it required endless memorizing and reciting. He often skipped classes to study on his own or to play his violin.

Einstein made many theories on Physics, but the most famous theory is about atomic energy. Einstein said that matter and energy is the same thing. He expressed this relation in a famous equation: E=mc2. This equation says that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light squared (c2). Energy can therefore be changed into matter, and matter into energy. The ability to turn matter into energy led to the development of the atomic bomb and nuclear power.

Einstein’s theories made him famous, even though few people understood them. He became a university professor and director of a physics institute in Berlin, Germany. After the Nazis rose to power in Germany, Einstein left. In 1933, he came to the United States, where he lived the rest of his life. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.

Source: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved

7. Why did school made him bored?

Pierre Andries Tendean was born in Batavia, February 21, 1939 . He died in Jakarta, October 1, 1965. he was was a victim of the 30th September Movement (G30S) and is an Indonesian national hero. Tendean was the only son of A.L. Tendean from Minahasa and Indo (Eurasian) mother Cornet M.E. of Dutch and French descent. He … an older sister, Mitze Farre, and younger sister, Rooswidiati.

Al Jazari

In the bustling streets of dr Bakker Turkey, there ..... an outstanding inventor and mechanical engineer by the name of Al Jazari. This gifted man was famous for building clocks and water raising machines. One of his most famous inventions was the brilliant elephant clock he also designed mechanical devices like the crankshaft using robotics.

We may think that robots are a modern invention but the Ottomans .... by Al Jazari amazed everybody who saw them. Al jazari were also gained fame and glory when he wrote an illustrated book that proved to be a manual of his inventions with intricate paintings. it was called the book of knowledge of ingenious mechanical devices the inventive ideas brought to us by Al JAzari have significantly contributed to the development of mechanical technology today.

We may think that robots are a modern invention but the Ottomans created by Al Jazari amazed everybody who saw them. Al jazari were also .... fame and glory when he wrote an illustrated book that proved to be a manual of his inventions with intricate paintings. it was called the book of knowledge of ingenious mechanical devices the inventive ideas brought to us by Al JAzari have significantly contributed to the development of mechanical technology today.

We may think that robots are a modern invention but the Ottomans created by Al Jazari amazed everybody who saw them. Al jazari were also gained fame and glory when he wrote an illustrated book that proved to be a manual of his inventions with intricate paintings. It ... called the book of knowledge of ingenious mechanical devices the inventive ideas brought to us by Al JAzari have significantly contributed to the development of mechanical technology today.

Luis Lionel Andres Messi, born June 24th, 1987, is an Argentinian football player for F.C BarcelonA. He is not very tall, mainly, due to the growing problem he had when he was younger. His eyes are brown. He never has short hair.

Lionel Messi started playing football at a very early age in his hometown’s Newell’s Old Boys. From the age of 11, he suffered from a hormone deficiency and as Lionel’s parents were unable to pay for the treatment in Argentina, they decided to move to Barcelona, Spain.

In the 2003-2004 season, when he was still only 16 years old, Messi made his first team debut in a friendly with Porto that marked the opening of the new Dragao stadium. The following championship-winning season, Messi made his first appearance in an official match on October 16th, 2004, in Barcelona’s derby win against Spanyol at the Olympic Stadium 0-1.. And now, in 2010, 2011, and 2012 he is best player in the world.

What is the main idea of the third paragraph?