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8th grade science review

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 5hrs 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
(8.5A) An atom has 25 protons, 30 neutrons, and 25 electrons. What is the charge of the atom's nucleus?
a)
+25
b)
+30
c)
-25
d)
-30
2.
(8.5A) Which of these best describes one of the subatomic particles that could be found at location X in the model of an atom shown above?
a)
It has mass but no charge.
b)
It has no mass and a positive charge.
c)
It has a large mass and a negative charge.
d)
It has no mass and an equal number of positive and negative charges.
3.
(8.5B) When trying to identify an unknown element, a scientist determines what other elements the unknown element reacts with chemically. Which property of the unknown element determines the other elements it reacts with? 
a)
The total number of neutrons in the unknown element.
b)
The total number of particles in the nucleus of the unknown element
c)
The number of protons in the nucleus of the unknown element
d)
The number of valence electrons in the unknown element.
4.
(8.5C) A student is studying the ways different elements are similar to one another. Diagrams of atoms from four different elements are shown below.
Which two atoms are of elements in the same group in the periodic table?
a)
Atom 1 and Atom 2
b)
Atom 1 and Atom 4
c)
Atom 2 and Atom 3
d)
Atom 3 and Atom 4
5.
(8.5D) The chemical formula for sodium sulfate is Na2SO4. How many sulfur atoms are in the formula for sodium sulfate?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
6
d)
7
6.
(8.5D) Serotonin is a chemical substance that acts as a neurotransmitter. It helps relay messages in the human brain. The formula for one molecule of serotonin is shown below.
C10H12N2O
How may atoms in all are in a molecule of serotonin? 
a)
10
b)
25
c)
24
d)
100
7.
(8.5D) Serotonin is a chemical substance that acts as a neurotransmitter. It helps relay messages in the human brain. The formula for one molecule of serotonin is shown below.
C10H12N2O
How may atoms in all are in a molecule of serotonin? 
a)
10
b)
25
c)
24
d)
100
8.
(8.5E) The scientist spilled a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) on a lab table. For safety purposes, the scientist sprinkled some baking soda (NaCO3) onto the spill. Which observation would provide the best evidence that a chemical reaction occurred?
a)
The baking soda and hydrochloric acid combined, and bubbles formed.
b)
The baking soda absorbed the hydrochloric acid.
c)
Some of the baking soda dissolved in the hydrochloric acid.
d)
The hydrochloric acid evaporated, leaving only the baking soda.
9.
(8.5E)A student observes some sugar as it is heated and burns. The student concludes that a chemical reaction has occurred. Which of the following observations about the burning sugar provides evidence of a chemical reaction?
a)
Heat is added to the sugar crystals.
b)
The sugar melts and becomes a liquid.
c)
The temperature of the sugar increases
d)
Gas is produced as the sugar turns black.
10.
(7.6B) Many processes occur in the digestive system. Which process is best classified as a physical change? 
a)
Saliva converting starch molecules in crackers to simple sugars
b)
Digestive enzymes breaking down proteins into smaller fragments
c)
Bacteria converting lactose into simple sugars in the intestines
d)
Teeth grinding an almond into smaller pieces in the mouth
11.
(6.6A) Some students conducted a laboratory investigation to learn more about the physical properties of different elements. They observed four samples and recorded their observations in the table below.
Based on these observations, which sample is most likely a nonmetal? 
a)
Sample 1
b)
Sample 2
c)
Sample 3
d)
Sample 4
12.
(8.5D) In which of these compounds are there twice as many oxygen atoms as hydrogen atoms?
a)
H3PO4
b)
H2SO4
c)
HClO3
d)
H2O
13.
(8.5A) Which of the following best describes an electron?
a)
It has no charge and about the same mass as a proton
b)
It has a negative charge and much less mass than a proton
c)
It has a positive charge and much more mass than a neutron
d)
It has a negative charge and about the same mass as a neutron
14.
CH4 +2O2  →  CO2 +2H2O 
 How many different elements are involved in this reaction? 
a)
two 
b)
three 
c)
four
d)
five
15.
What moon phase comes next?
a)
New Moon
b)
First Quarter
c)
Full Moon
d)
Third Quarter
16.

What is the name of the moon phase in the diagram?

a)

New Moon

b)

Full Moon

17.

USE THE PERIODIC TABLE

How many valence electrons does sodium have?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

18.
(8.5C) The periodic table is organized into groups and periods of elements. The characteristics of a certain group of elements are listed below.
-is shiny
-is solid at room temperature
-has atoms with two valence electrons
Which of these elements is in this group? 
a)
Lithium
b)
Strontium
c)
Aluminum
d)
Silicon
19.
(8.5F) A teacher asks a student to write the chemical equation for photosynthesis. The student's response is shown below
CO2 + H2O ---> C6H12O6 + O2
The equation is not balanced correctly. Which of these is a balanced equation for photosynthesis? 
a)
12CO2 + H2O ---> C6H12O6 + O2
b)
CO2 + 9H2O ---> C6H12O6 + O2
c)
CO2 + H2O ---> 3C6H12O6 + O2
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2
20.
(7.6A) Hay is made up of organic compounds. What are the main elements in many organic compounds?
a)
Helium, carbon, sodium
b)
Sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen
c)
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
d)
Radon, oxygen, helium
21.
(6.5C) The chemical equation shown below represents a reaction that produces fuel for certain cars.
CO + H2O ---> CO2 + H2
Which of these represents an element?
a)
CO
b)
H2O
c)
CO2
d)
H2
22.
(8.5C) Which two elements on the periodic table are in the same period?
a)
Sn and Rb
b)
F and Cl
c)
K and Ba
d)
Se and Te
23.
(8.5D) Which of these formulas contain equal numbers of nitrogen atoms?
a)
Formulas I and III
b)
Formulas I and IV
c)
Formulas II and III
d)
Formulas I, II, and V
24.
The living organisms in an ecosystem such as plants and animals
a)
adaptation
b)
biotic
c)
decomposer
d)
abiotic
25.
The non-living factors in an ecosystem such as rocks, water and temperature.
a)
natural selection
b)
biotic
c)
biodiversity
d)
abiotic
26.
How many Oxygen (O) atoms are in 2C2HO8Cl2
a)
2
b)
16
c)
8
d)
5
27.
What is the net force?
a)
5000 N right
b)
4000 N right
c)
40 N left
d)
4000 N left
28.
A 20 kg bike accelerates at 10 m/s2.  what was the force?
a)
25 Newtons
b)
20 Newtons
c)
200 Newtons
d)
10 Newtons
29.
At position A, which hemisphere would have summer?
a)
Northern hemisphere
b)
Southern hemisphere
c)
Neither hemisphere
30.
What type of moon is this?
a)
Waning gibbous
b)
Waxing gibbous
c)
Waxing crescent
d)
Waning crescent
31.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates slide past each other?
a)
divergent
b)
transform
c)
lateral
d)
convergent
32.
What is the elevation of point B?
a)
800 ft
b)
850 ft
c)
900 ft
d)
1000 ft
33.
Is the following equation balanced?...
Al + O2 --> 2Al2O3
a)
Yes!
b)
No!
34.
What type of air pressure is present?
a)
High 
b)
Low
35.
What type of air pressure is present?
a)
High 
b)
Low
36.
a)

cold

b)

stationary

c)

warm

d)

occluded

37.
a)

cold

b)

stationary

c)

occluded

d)

warm

38.

The picture shows an aerialist walking on a tightrope and holding a balancing bar.


An action–reaction pair of forces exists between —

a)

the aerialist’s feet and the rope

b)

the rope and the balancing bar

c)

the two ends of the rope

d)

the aerialist’s arms and legs

39.

A marble is given potential energy by being placed at Location W. When the marble is released, it rolls down the track.


At which location does the marble have maximum kinetic energy?

a)

Location W

b)

Location X

c)

Location Y

d)

Location Z

40.

Four boxes are sliding with constant speed before each box experiences an unbalanced force of 8 N. Which box would experience the greatest acceleration when the unbalanced force is applied?

a)

The box with a mass of 2 kg

b)

The box with a mass of 4 kg

c)

The box with a mass of 6 kg

d)

The box with a mass of 8 kg

41.

A block is pulled 0.90 m to the right in 2.5 s.


What is the block’s average speed to the nearest hundredth of a m/s?

a)

36 m/s

b)

0.36 m/s

c)

0.036 m/s

d)

036 m/s

42.

Students slid a small wood block along a flat tabletop for a distance of 1.6 m. The data show the motion of the block of wood.


Which graph displays the motion of the wood block?

a)
b)
c)
d)
43.
What is the net force?
a)
5 N
b)
45 N to the left
c)
5 N to the right
d)
45 N to the right
44.
Is it BALANCED? 
a)
Yes
b)
No
45.
A 50 kg skater pushed by a friend accelerates 5 m/s2.  How much force did the friend apply? The answer to this question is most likely (HINT: Look at the units!!!) - 
a)
250 N
b)
250 m/s2
c)
250 kg 
46.
On a roller coaster, where is maximum potential energy?
a)
At the bottom of a big hill
b)
When going around a corner
c)
When going upside down
d)
At the top of a big hill
47.
At which point is potential energy greatest?
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
48.
What is happening between 9am and 11am?
a)
The cyclist is traveling up a hill
b)
The cyclists is speeding up
c)
The cyclists is traveling at a constant speed
d)
The cyclist is slowing down
49.
Which of the following energy transformations occur when a lamp that is plugged into a wall socket is functioning correctly?
a)
Chemical to light
b)
Electrical to chemical
c)
Electrical to light
d)
Chemical to electrical
50.

Which graph best represents a car traveling down the freeway at a constant speed.

a)
b)
c)
d)
51.
What is the net force?
a)
20 N 
b)
0 N 
c)
400 N 
d)
40 N 
52.

Two students are working together to build a birdhouse. Student 1 applies a force of 10 N to a wooden board in order to slide it across the table to Student 2. If the force of friction resisting the student's push is 4 N, what is the net force acting on the board?

a)

4 N

b)

6 N

c)

10 N

d)

14 N

53.

A hobbyist collected data about the motion of a toy train on a straight track and then recorded the data in the graph. Which of these accurately describes the motion of the toy train?

a)

The toy train speeds up while going forward and then slows down.

b)

The toy train slows down while going forward and then moves backward.

c)

The toy train moves forward at a constant speed, slows down, and then stops.

d)

The toy train moves forward at an increasing speed, stops, and then moves forward.

54.

A runner races in the 100 meter dash. It takes her 10 seconds to finish. What is her average speed?

a)

10 m/s

b)

1000 m/s

c)

100 seconds

d)

10 seconds

55.

How much force is needed to accelerate a 25kg bowling ball at 2m/s2.

a)

50N

b)

5N

c)

12.5N

d)

100N

56.

If a 2kg bird is pushed by the wind with a force of 2N, what is the bird's acceleration?

a)

1 m

b)

2 m/s2

c)

4m/s2

d)

1 m/s2

57.
What is the net force?
a)
17 N Right
b)
3 N Right
c)
3 N Left
d)
17 N Left
58.

Four students designed and built air propelled rockets that were launched into the air. Their data are recorded in the table. 

 

Which rocket had the greatest acceleration?

a)

Rocket 1

b)

Rocket 2

c)

Rocket 3

d)

Rocket 4

59.

The diagram shows a duck swimming in a stream in the opposite direction the stream is flowing. The duck pushes against the water, so the water pushes the duck forward with 20 newtons of force. The water also exerts 15 newtons of resistive force against the duck. 

 

Which statement best describes the resulting motion of the duck?

a)

The duck will stop moving.

b)

The duck will stop and then start moving again.

c)

The duck will continue moving in its current direction.

d)

The duck will move in the direction that the stream is flowing.

60.

A mother and daughter press their hands together and then push apart while ice skating.

Immediately after they push away from each other, how does the motion of the mother and daughter change?

a)

The mother moves forward, and the daughter moves backward with a greater acceleration.

b)

Both move forward, but the mother moves with a greater acceleration.

c)

The mother moves backward, and the daughter moves forward with a greater acceleration.

d)

Both move backward, but the daughter moves with a greater acceleration.

61.

A skater pushes off a wall and skates backward for a few meters before stopping.

  

Which statement best describes an action–reaction force pair in this situation?

a)

The wall pushes on the skater when the skater pushes on the wall.

b)

The wheels slow down, and the skater stops.

c)

The skater exerts a force on the wall, and the wheels exert a force on the floor and begin to turn.

d)

The friction of the floor decreases when the wheels roll on the floor.

62.

A steel ball is at one end of a box that is moving forward as shown. The box suddenly stops.

  

According to Newton’s first law, what happens to the steel ball just after the box stops?

a)

Because of friction, the ball continues rolling forward at the same speed.

b)

Because of friction, the ball rolls forward at an increased speed.

c)

Because of inertia, the ball continues rolling forward at the same speed.

d)

Because of inertia, the ball rolls forward at an increased speed.

63.

Four students raced toy cars on a track. The mass and the acceleration of each car is recorded in the table below.

Which toy car had the greatest applied force?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

64.

The three vehicles shown below are all traveling at a speed of 15 m/s, but only the pickup truck has a changing velocity.

The pickup truck has a changing velocity because the pickup truck —

a)

can accelerate faster than the other two vehicles

b)

is traveling in the opposite direction from the other two vehicles

c)

is traveling on a curve in the road

d)

needs a large amount of force to move

65.

What is the net force?

a)

400 N Up

b)

- 400 N Down

c)

400 N Down

d)

800 N Down

66.

Which object in the diagram above is acted on by a net force of 5 N to the right?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

67.

What is the person doing from 5 seconds to 10 seconds?

a)

Walking

b)

Running

c)

Standing Still

d)

Walking Fast

68.

What is the speed of this object at 3 seconds?

a)

5 m/s

b)

45 m/s

c)

5 s/m

d)

45 s/m

69.

A student notices that the moon is full one evening. Which sequence of moon phases will the student observe over the next eight days?

a)

Full, waning gibbous, third quarter

b)

Full, waning gibbous, first quarter, waning crescent

c)

Full, new, waning gibbous

d)

Full waxing gibbous, new, waning crescent

70.

The diagram shows four consecutive moon phases. Which of the following diagrams shows the next four moon phases in the correct order?

a)
b)
c)
d)
71.

Two friends want to go for a night hike when there is a full moon in July. If there is a third-quarter moon on July 2, what is the approximate date of the next full moon?

a)

July 9

b)

July 16

c)

July 23

d)

July 30

72.

Which of these locations on Earth experiences the least change in the number of daylight hours throughout the year?

a)

Equator

b)

North Pole

c)

Tropic of Cancer

d)

Tropic of Capricorn

73.
The illustration provided shows four locations in or near the Milky Way Galaxy. Which of the labeled locations shows the approximate position of the Sun?
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
74.

Why does the sun appear brighter than the supergiant star Betelgeuse?

a)

the sun is a different color

b)

the sun is older

c)

the sun is closer

d)

the sun is made of different elements

75.

Which star is considered a giant star?

a)

Mira

b)

Zeta Arindani

c)

Barnard's Star

d)

Betelgeuse

76.
Which of the following are most likely to destroy a hurricane?
a)
warm  water
b)
low pressure
c)
land
d)
tropical water
77.

One piece of evidence for Plate Tectonics is that--

a)

some continents appear to fit together like a puzzle.

b)

we have video footage of the plates actually moving.

c)

all continents have formed from volcanic eruptions.

d)

the continents are no longer moving.

78.

Which of the following is NOT evidence to support the theory of plate tectonics?

a)

Fossils

b)

Continental fit

c)

Glaciers

d)

Sand Erosion

79.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
80.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
81.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
d)
Plate
82.
What is the elevation of point B?
a)
800 ft
b)
850 ft
c)
900 ft
d)
1000 ft
83.
How many peaks are on the map? (hill tops)
a)
4
b)
3
c)
2
d)
1

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