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Ecology #1 Review

Total questions: 39

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Match each of the elements pictured below as Biotic or Abiotic.

a)
1.

Abiotic

b)
2.

Biotic

c)
3.

Biotic

d)
4.

Abiotic

e)
5.

Abiotic

2.
What is a producers job in the ecosystem?
a)
to make food and oxygen for the animals
b)
to help plants grow
c)
to break down dead plants and animals
d)
to eat plants and other animals
3.
What is an ecosystem?
a)
the pattern of weather that affects an area
b)
the life cycle of a plant
c)
all the living things in a forest or desert
d)
all the living and nonliving things that share an environment
4.
What are plants and animals that get their energy from eating other living things?
a)
producers
b)
consumers
c)
herbivores
d)
decomposers
5.
What part of a food chain only eats meat?
a)
omnivores
b)
producers
c)
herbivore
d)
carnivore
6.
Elephants only eat plants.  What kind of consumer is an elephant?
a)
producer
b)
omnivore
c)
herbivore
d)
carnivore
7.
Which of the following is a natural disaster that could wipe out an ecosystem?
a)
a sunny day
b)
forest fire
c)
rain
d)
thunder storm
8.
Which of the following to omnivores eat?
a)
plants only
b)
meat only
c)
both plants and animals
d)
they make their own food
9.
What is a food web?
a)
a web created by a spider to trap its food
b)
a network of food chains in an ecosystem
c)
a community of plants and animals
d)
the food that one animal eats
10.

The phytoplankton are found on trophic level ___, and are ___.

a)

1 ; producers

b)

2 ; consumers

c)

1 ; heterotrophs

d)

3 ; producers

11.

On average, this much energy transfers from prey to predator:

a)

15%

b)

5%

c)

10%

d)

100%

12.

The primary consumer of this energy pyramid is

a)

B

b)

A

c)

D

d)

C

13.

A food web has arrows. The arrow shows:

a)

The direction of energy flow (from predator TO prey)

b)

The direction of energy flow (from prey TO predator)

c)

The biomass at each trophic level

d)

Possible feeding relationships

14.

The organisms represented by X are

a)

A) Decomposers

b)

B) Producers

c)

C) Carnivores

d)

D) Scavengers

15.

Which two organisms are classified as producers?

a)

A) tadpole and worm

b)

B) algae and grass

c)

C) grass and tadpole

d)

D) raccoon and algae

16.

For a producer to maintain itself, which factor

must be present in its environment?

a)

A) carnivores

b)

B) herbivores

c)

C) sunlight

d)

D) parasites

17.

A fruit fly is classified as a consumer rather

than as a producer because it is unable to

a)

A) reproduce asexually

b)

B) synthesize its own food

c)

C) release energy stored in organic molecules

d)

D) remove wastes from its body

18.

Because turkey vultures feed mainly on animals

that they have not killed, they are known as

a)

A) predators

b)

B) scavengers

c)

C) omnivores

d)

D) autotrophs

19.

Which row in the chart below best describes decomposers?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

20.

Which organisms are primary consumers?

a)

A) grass, mice, and hawks

b)

B) owls, snakes, and hawks

c)

C) seeds, grass, and shrubs

d)

D) songbirds, mice, and rabbits

21.

Which statement most accurately predicts the result

of interfering with populations in the web?

a)

A) Removing the cricket population will have little

effect on the balance of the food web.

b)

B) Removing all the mountain lions from the food

web will benefit the ecosystem.

c)

C) Removing the cricket and rabbit populations

would cause the number of trees to decrease.

d)

D) Removing deer from the food web will affect

the rabbit and grass populations.

22.

Which population would be most immediately affected by the removal of the lizard

population?

a)

A) sedges

b)

B) algae

c)

C) ants

d)

D) centipedes

23.

Which sequence of organisms represents a food chain within this food web?

a)

A) tadpoles —> algae -> daphnia —> back swimmers

b)

B) sedges —> ants —> frogs —> kookaburras

c)

C) algae —> daphnia —> decayed material —> bacteria

d)

D) dragonflies —> sedges —> ants -> centipedes

24.

The largest number of individuals that an environment can support long term is...

a)

carrying capacity

b)

emigration

c)

immigration

d)

population density

25.

What happens if a population grows past its carrying capacity?

a)

The population keeps growing

b)

The population starts to die off

c)

The entire species will go extinct

d)

The carrying capacity just increases

26.

This may cause a population to increase

a)

increase of food supply

b)

removal of predators

c)

removal of disease

d)

all of these

27.

Something that regulates the size of a population is called...

a)

a limiting measure

b)

a limiting factor

c)

carrying capacity

d)

biodiversity

28.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

29.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

around 500

b)

more than 800

c)

less than 300

d)

around 700

30.

What will happen if all of the frogs in a population die?

a)

The frogs' predators will decrease and the frogs' prey will increase

b)

The frogs' predators will increase and the frogs' prey will decrease

c)

We better all pray because there isn't anymore frogs.

31.

Two arctic fox are fighting with a polar bear for a sea lion carcass. One fox distracts the bear while the other eats. What type of limiting factor is the polar bear?

a)

Predator-Prey Relationships

b)

Competition

c)

Herbivory Effect

d)

Weather

32.

What do you call a close relationship between two different species?

a)

symbiosis

b)

friendship

c)

community

d)

coevolution

33.

Match the following types of relationships to their descriptions:

a)

Both organisms are harmed by fighting over a resource

1.

Competition

b)

One organism benefits at the expense of the other

2.

Parasitism

c)

One organism benefits while the other remains neutral

3.

Commensalism

d)

Both organisms benefit (help each other)

4.

Mutualism

34.

Macaws (a large, tropical bird) have strong beaks that can bit through thick shells. They are messy eaters, often opening nuts and droping them on the ground, leaving them behind. Other animals eat the dropped food. What type of relationship is this?

a)

commensalism

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

competition

35.

Aztec ants live in Cecropia trees. The tree provides a home for the ants and the ants protect the tree from herbivores. What kind of relationship is this?

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

competition

d)

commensalism

36.
Biodiversity refers to
a)
extinct species
b)
the variety of species on Earth
c)
nonrenewable resources
d)
the rate of species decline
37.
Invasive species have a negative impact on...
a)
the ecosystem
b)
the economy
c)
Both the ecosystem and the economy
d)
None of these
38.
What are the greatest problems facing plants, animals, and people?
a)
introducing new species that  can cause problems 
b)
habitat destruction
c)
illegal hunting 
d)
all of the above
39.

the breaking of habitats into smaller pieces is called...

a)

habitat division

b)

habitat pollution

c)

habitat corruption

d)

habitat fragmentation

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