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BIO 112 Exam 2 Reivew PLA

Total questions: 26

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the name of the valve between an atrium and ventericle

a)
Aortic valve
b)
Pulmonary valve
c)
Mitral valve
d)
Atrioventricular valve
2.

Which node initiates atrial systole?

a)
AV node
b)
Purkinje fibers
c)
Bundle of His
d)
SA node
3.

What determines whether O2 and CO2 undergo net diffusion into or out of capillaries?

a)
Temperature gradient
b)
Pressure gradient
c)
Molecular weight
d)
Concentration gradient
4.

Blood returning to the mammalian heart in a pulmonary vein drains first into the

a)
right atrium
b)
aorta
c)
left atrium
d)
pulmonary artery
5.

. What happens when a resting neuron’s membrane depolarizes?

a)
It becomes less negative inside compared to the outside.
b)
It becomes hyperpolarized.
c)
It stops functioning altogether.
d)
It becomes more negative inside compared to the outside.
6.

A common feature of action potentials is that they

a)
involve hyperpolarization and depolarization phases
b)
occur only in sensory neurons
c)
are not influenced by ion channels
d)
involve depolarization and repolarization phases
7.

Where are neurotransmitter receptors located?

a)
presynaptic membrane of neurons
b)
postsynaptic membrane of neurons
c)
cytoplasm of neurons
d)
extracellular space
8.

Why are action potentials usually conducted in one direction?

a)
Random opening and closing of ion channels
b)
Bidirectional flow of ions
c)
Absence of voltage-gated ion channels
d)
Presence of voltage-gated ion channels
9.

Which of the following is the most direct result of depolarizing the presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal?

a)
Opening of voltage-gated calcium channels
b)
Inhibition of neurotransmitter release
c)
Activation of voltage-gated potassium channels
d)
Closing of voltage-gated calcium channels
10.

Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an IPSP in postsynaptic cell X and an EPSP in postsynaptic cell Y. A likely explanation is that_____

a)
Different types of receptors on postsynaptic cells determine the response to the same neurotransmitter.
b)
The neurotransmitter is not released in sufficient quantities to affect both cells differently.
c)
The neurotransmitter is only effective in one type of postsynaptic cell.
d)
The neurotransmitter is not specific to the type of receptor on postsynaptic cells.
11.

After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a person might need to limit his or her dietary intake of

a)

Starch

b)

Fats

c)

Sugar

d)

Protien

12.

A simple nervous system

a)

must include chemical senses, mechanoreception, and vision.

b)

has information flow in only one direction: away from an integrating center.

c)

includes sensory information, an integrating center, and effectors.

d)

includes a minimum of 12 effector neurons

13.

The central communication conduit between the brain and the rest of the body is the

a)

brain stem.

b)

nerve bundle.

c)

spinal cord.

d)

nervous system.

14.

The two major anatomical divisions of the nervous system are the

a)

sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system.

b)

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

c)

sensory nervous system and motor nervous system.

d)

voluntary nervous system and involuntary nervous system

15.

What part of a neuron carries signals toward the part of the cell that houses the nucleus?

a)
Dendrites
b)
Myelin sheath
c)
Synapse
d)
Axon
16.

The speed of impulse conduction along an axon may be increased by

a)
Removing the myelin sheath
b)

adding a myelin sheath

c)
Decreasing the diameter of the axon
d)
Increasing the temperature of the axon
17.

Which of the following statements about resting potential is true?

a)

The sodium-potassium pump contributes to the resting membrane potential.

b)

The resting potential exists because of differences in glucose concentration inside and outside the cell.

c)

The concentration of sodium is much higher inside the cell than outside.

d)

A resting membrane allows much more sodium than potassium to diffuse across.

18.

Once an action potential is triggered, there is a

a)
rapid change in membrane potential
b)
gradual change in membrane potential
c)
no change in membrane potential
d)
temporary change in membrane potential
19.

When you are very nervous, perhaps before you must speak in front of your college class, you notice that your mouth is dry and your heart is racing. This is most likely due to stimulation by the

a)

sympathetic division of your autonomic nervous system.

b)

enteric division of your autonomic nervous system

c)

motor division of your parasympathetic nervous system

d)

parasympathetic division of your autonomic nervous system.

20.

The relationship between spinal nerves and the spinal cord is most like the relationship between

a)

a bowl of spaghetti and the sauce that is poured onto it.

b)

the vertical and horizontal threads woven together to form a piece of cloth.

c)

an interstate highway and the many roads that intersect with it via on- and off-ramps.

d)

the hairs on a person's head.

21.

One of the most important branch points in the evolution of animals and their nervous systems was the appearance of

a)
centralized nervous system
b)
unified nervous system
c)
dispersed nervous system
d)
decentralized nervous system
22.

Botulinum toxin (Botox) produced by certain bacteria will

a)
cause muscle paralysis by blocking the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction
b)
reduce blood pressure by dilating blood vessels
c)
enhance muscle strength by promoting acetylcholine release
d)
stimulate bone growth by increasing calcium absorption
23.

Neurotransmitters that open Na+ channels and trigger action potentials in receiving cells are called

a)
Potassium-activating neurotransmitters
b)
Excitatory neurotransmitters
c)
Chloride-triggering neurotransmitters
d)
Inhibitory neurotransmitters
24.

The gap between the transmitting and receiving neurons in a chemical synapse is known as the

a)
synaptic gap
b)
synaptic cleft
c)
axon cleft
d)
neural gap
25.

Action potentials relay different intensities of information due to the

a)
Constant frequency of firing and strength of each individual action potential
b)
Varying frequency of firing and strength of each individual action potential
c)
Random frequency of firing and strength of each individual action potential
d)
Uniform frequency of firing and strength of each individual action potential
26.

Action potentials normally travel along an axon

a)

toward the cell body.

b)

either towards or away from the cell body

c)

away from the cell body.

d)

away from the synapse