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WorksheetsABA 2
Total questions: 74
Worksheet time: 59mins
Refers to the intervention being used to change behavior
Dependent variable
Independent variable
PICA
ABA
Which is an example of respondent conditioning
Seeing someone with an IPad and asking for it
Jumping when someone asks you to "jump"
Squinting when exposed to direct sunlight
Answering a "wh" question
Which is an example of positive reinforcement?
Child covers ears, mother turns the music down, child covers ears more often
Child says, "toy", mother gives him the toy, child says, "toy" whenever he wants the toy
Child tries to touch stove, mother hits his hand, child never tries to touch stove again
Child says "mommy", mom does not come, child screams when he wants mom.
Which is an example of a mand?
Student says, "apple"; teacher gives him an apple
Teacher says "apple"; student repeats, "apple"
Teacher shows the written word "apple"; student reads "apple"
Student sees an apple on teachers desk and says, "apple"
I asked Mary to come to the table. After 10 seconds, she finally got up and came to the table. The 10 second refers to:
Duration
Latency
Percent compliance
Inter-response time
What is the amount of time that occurs between two consecutive instances of a response?
Duration
Latency
IRT
Rate
What is the definition of rate?
Total number of occurrences counted
The amount of time from the SD to the responnse
The amount of time the behavior lasts
Frequency (count) across time
This is defined as a stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement.
SD
MO
EO
AO
This is defined as any environmental condition or stimulus change that occurs before the behavior occurs.
EO
Antecedent
Consequence
MO
James is told that the vending machine is broken. He remains sitting even though he is hungry.
Contingency
Shaping
Rule governed behavior
Rule
Cognitive Theory places an emphasis on...
Teachers impart knowledge
Motivation is provided by teacher
Students must construct their own knowledge in their own minds
Behaviors and skills are the goal of instruction
Positive Reinforcement describes...
A relation between two environmental events (behavior/consequence).
Occurrence increases by removing an environmental condition.
Behavior is followed by a consequence decreasing the rate of occurrence.
A reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced and rate decreases.
Negative Reinforcement describes...
A relation between two environmental events (behavior/consequence).
Occurrence increases by removing an environmental condition.
Behavior is followed by a consequence decreasing the rate of occurrence.
A reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced and rate decreases.
Punishment describes...
A relation between two environmental events (behavior/consequence).
Occurrence increases by removing an environmental condition.
Behavior is followed by a consequence decreasing the rate of occurrence.
A reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced and rate decreases.
Extinction describes...
A relation between two environmental events (behavior/consequence).
Occurrence increases by removing an environmental condition.
Behavior is followed by a consequence decreasing the rate of occurrence.
A reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced and rate decreases.
Antecedent Control
What is Ethics and Social Validity?
Teachers do what is morally correct
Teachers follow societal norms
Acceptability of a program or procedure
Is supported by ABA that includes ethical decisions
Respondent Conditioning is represented by Pavlov's experiment.
True
False
Associationism is a situation that produces a situation that an act is more likely to occur.
True
False
To whom are teachers accountable?
Their profession and themselves
Their community
Parents
Students
One concern about ABA is that it infringes on personal freedom.
True
False
Behaviorism is based on indirect observation.
True
False
What is primary reinforcement?
Reinforcement that is learned or conditioned such as money or toys
Occurs when something aversive is taken away
Reinforcement that is socially mediated
Reinforcement that is unconditioned or unlearned such as water and food
Which answer is a consequence manipulation?
Non-contingent reinforcement
High probability request sequence
Tangible extinction
Environmental modifications
True or False: Successive discrimination training is uses a field of materials presented with the instruction
True
False
Choose the correct type of reinforcement: The removal of loud noises by wearing headphones.
Social Positive
Automatic Positive
Social Negative
Automatic Negative
Choose the most intrusive prompt
Textual
Full echoic
Leading questions
Acting confused
True or False: NET-Activity sheets are only used for maintaining mastered targets
True
False
Choose all that apply: Generalization can occur across...
People
Stimuli
Settings
Responses
True or False: Total task is a chaining procedure where prompts are faded starting with the first step of the sequence.
True
False
True or False: BTs must clean up their work area after completion of a session
True
False
What is the CARD standard error correction procedure?
No-No-Prompt-Repeat
Least to Most
Most to Least
Reinforcement is delivered upon the occurrence of a replacement behavior while extinction is used for problem behavior.
DRO
DRL
DRI
DRA
Your client needs help opening their snack, you prompt them to ask for help and you open it. This is an example of:
Contriving opportunities
Combining lessons
Capturing opportunities
Select all that apply: In the beginning of session, you should always check...
Program checklist
Past 3 session summary notes
All BIPs
Lesson notes
The topography of a behavior refers to...
The reason/purpose of the behavior
The observable features of the behavior
The definition of the behavior
The consequences following the behavior.
True or False: Inviting the parent of a client to your birthday party is an example of a dual relationship
True
False
Choose the correct example of an adaptive task
Brushing teeth
Echoics
Pretend play
Basic mands
When presenting an SD, you should not...
Deliver it the way it was written in the lesson notes
Avoid inadvertent prompts
Gain the client's attention first
Whisper it in your clients ear
BTs can view their current clinical goals by checking...
Workday
Clinical Eval App
Skills
Teams
True or False: The 2 main components of ABA are skill repertoire building and behavior management
True
False
True or False: We love providing ABA services to our kiddos!!!
True
True
Who founded modern behaviorism?
Keanu Reeves
Pavlov
The Backstreet Boys
B.F. Skinner
A motivating operation (MO) is _______.
The outcome that immediately follows the learner’s response
An antecedent condition that momentarily affects the value of an item and affects the likelihood that behaviors which have produced that item in the past will occur.
The procedure of providing consequences for a behavior that increases or maintains the strength of that behavior
The time between the end of one trial and the start of the next.
You are taking partial interval data on a client engaging in self-injurious behaviors (SIB’s) in a 5 minute interval. How would you take this data?
Mark it if the SIB’s occurred anytime within each 5-minute interval
Mark it only if the SIB’s occurred for the entire 5-minute interval
Mark it only if the behavior occurred at the end of each 5 minute interval
Mark it only if the behavior did not occur at all during each 5-minute interval
Your client’s rate of aggression has increased. The previous rate was one time per hour and your last session the rate increased to 30 per hour. You should…..?
Wait and see if the behavior decreases over the next several days
Inform your supervisor/BCBA immediately regarding the change in behavior
Tell the parents to cancel sessions for the rest of the week, since he obviously isn’t feeling well
Which of the following behaviors is easiest to measure?
Kara’s stomach ache
Kara’s frustration
Kara shouting YAY!
Kara’s love for Target
Which of the following is an example of a stimulus control transfer procedure?
Pairing the instructions, “Make a sandwich,” with a video model, then fading the video model until the client can make a sandwich when given the instructions only
Offering choices of a sandwich or salad for lunch
Giving praise for making a sandwich within a 5-minute interval
Having the client discriminate between making a sandwich and making popcorn when giving the instructions
Melissa’s spitting is maintained by escape from demands and tasks. An appropriate replacement behavior for Melissa’s spitting would be ____?
Teaching Melissa to spit in a cup
Teaching Melissa to say, “Can we talk?”
Teaching Melessa to sit nicely
Teaching Melissa to request for a break
Extinction is best described as ______?
Removing reinforcement from a learner upon the occurrence of a particular behavior
Ignoring the learner for a set period of time following the occurrence of a particular behavior
No longer providing reinforcement for a particular behavior when it occurs
None of the above
At first, Amanda was not interested in earning stickers for engaging in appropriate play activities. However, after stickers were paired with the delivery of other reinforcers such as pretzels and social praise, Amanda is now motivated to earn stickers. In this example, a sticker would be considered to be a/an _______?
Unconditioned reinforcer
Conditioned reinforcer
Conditioned punisher
Unconditioned punisher
Which is the most complete definition of behavior?
Anything a person says or does
When a person engages in a destructive action
Any socially inappropriate action a person engages in
Any socially appropriate action a person engages in
Intermittent reinforcement should occur......
When moving from a primary to secondary reinforcement
When teaching new behaviors or behaviors that are on acquisition
When maintaining behaviors that are already learned
When a learned does not respond well to continuous reinforcement
Bri is implementing a 5 minute DRO with her client to reduce his pinching behavior. In order to implement DRO correctly, after every 5 minutes that her client does not engage in pinching, Bri should...…?
Give her client a reinforcer
Reset the time interval for the next 5 minutes
Record that no pinching occurred during the interval onto the datasheet
All of the above
Rachel’s team taught her how to wash her hands. Four months later, Rachel can still wash her hands with no prompts, and she does so on her own at appropriate times. Rachel’s hand washing behavior has been successfully _______?
Generalized
Maintained
Prompted
Differentially reinforced
When updating a caregiver, parent or grandparent regarding how the client performed during a session, it is important to ___?
Discuss in length every challenging behavior that occurred during the session
Balance out difficult feedback with positive feedback
Only share positive information
Just drop the client off and do not share with the caregiver how the session was.
The repeated presentation of the same discriminative stimulus is called
Error correction
Discrimination training
Mass trial/in isolation
Random rotation
Samantha engages in slapping behavior when presented with instruction during learning activities. The behavior has been determined to be maintained by escape from demands. The BSP indicates that the therapists will teach Samantha to say “break” so that she can get what she needs without slapping. Extinction is to be used as an intervention when slapping occurs. You present the instruction for an activity and Samantha slaps you. Which best explains how you would implement the intervention?
Block the slapping behavior with your hand, provide the instruction “hands down,” and continue with the activity.
Provide Samantha with a break since she is in need of one
Reinforce Samantha for not engaging in slapping for designated periods of time. When slapping does occur, ignore the behavior
Continue presenting the instruction and do not respond to the slapping behavior.
A stimulus control transfer procedure refers to ______
A procedure where one stimulus which controls a certain behavior is paired with another stimulus until the new stimulus gains control over the behavior
A procedure where reinforcement is gradually thinned and faded away
A procedure where target responses are taught in their natural environment with naturally occurring reinforcement
A procedure where learned responses are generalized across different people and places
Typically, ______ reinforcement is used to strengthen a new behavior that is being acquired by a new client, and _______ reinforcement is used to maintain a skill once it has been learned.
Effective/ ineffective
Positive/ Negative
Continuous/ intermittent
Natural/ unnatural
Julianna engages in yelling during break time at school. The yelling behavior is maintained by attention from her instructor and peers. After realizing the issue, the instructor gives Juliana attention every 5 minutes throughout her day in the form of praise, pats on the back, and thumbs up, regardless of Julianna’s behavior. Julianna’s rate of yelling begins to decrease. This is an example of what antecedent intervention?
Demand fading
FCT (functional communication training)
Behavior momentum
Non-contingent reinforcement
After your session, the caregivers of your client ask to speak with you. They ask you how much longer your client will need ABA services. You should _______.
Tell them you will look into their data and programming and get back to them
Tell them you will have the BCBA contact them to further discuss the question.
Tell them, at the rate the client is progressing, another year or so and they will be good to go.
Tell them that the client has mastered all of their targets and should be ready to be discharged at any time.
What is the definition of 'Stimulus'?
A situation in which the frequency of a behavior is altered by the presence of an antecedent stimulus
A group of responses of varying topography
An energy change that affects an organism through its receptor cells
A group of stimuli that share specified common elements
What does the Matching Law refer to?
The allocation of response to choices available on concurrent schedules of reinforcement
The principles of behaviorism
The fundamental relationship between behavior and environmental variables
The interplay of antecedents, behaviors, and consequences
What are the goals of ABA?
Explaining behavior through thoughts and feelings
Determining the future of behavior based on current reinforcement or punishment
Understanding how environmental events change behavior and using them to change behavior in a desirable way
Describing the relationship between behavior and physical events
What is the '3-term contingency' in ABA?
The scientific explanation of how behavior is elicited by the environment and how consequences can affect its future occurrence
The number of times a behavior or response occurs
The total time a behavior occurs
The length of time from the presentation of the stimulus to the start of the behavior
What is the purpose of conducting Preference Assessments?
To measure the outcome or product a behavior produced on the environment
To collect information on the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences of behavior
To examine the correlation between two variables
To determine potential reinforcers for individuals with developmental disabilities
What is the main benefit of using Interobserver Agreement (IOA) in ABA?
To measure the outcome or product a behavior produced on the environment
To collect data on all possible responses during the observation period
To examine the correlation between two variables
To determine the competence of new observers and detect observer drift
What is the purpose of Continuous Measurement in ABA?
To determine the competence of new observers and detect observer drift
To examine the correlation between two variables
To collect data on all possible responses during the observation period
To measure the outcome or product a behavior produced on the environment
What does Validity refer to in measurement?
The number of times a behavior or response occurs
The extent to which data obtained are directly relevant to the target of interest
The consistency of measurement and the extent to which repeated measurement yields the same values
The degree to which independent observers report the same observed values
What is the purpose of Scatterplots in data analysis?
To examine discrete data and summary information
To represent the total occurrence of a behavior over a period
To examine the correlation between two variables
To examine behavior across time, trend, level, and variability
What should be included in objective session notes in ABA?
Emotional responses and biases
Hypotheses and assumptions
Personal opinions and interpretations
Only facts and actual information or observations
What is the main purpose of communicating effectively with a supervisor in ABA?
To communicate only in urgent situations
To avoid compliance with supervisor's treatment planning
To express personal ideas and opinions with assertiveness
To understand boundaries, seek clinical direction, and report variables that might affect the client
What is the primary focus of Principles of ABA?
Describing the fundamental relationship between behavior and environmental variables
Explaining behavior through thoughts and feelings
Determining the future of behavior based on current reinforcement or punishment
Understanding how environmental events change behavior and using them to change behavior in a desirable way
What is the significance of Antecedents in the '3-term contingency'?
Environmental events that influence the future occurrence of a behavior
Environmental events that occur before a behavior
Environmental events that affect the environment
Environmental events that occur after a behavior
What is the main purpose of using Cumulative graphs in ABA?
To examine behavior across time, trend, level, and variability
To examine the frequency and rate of behavior
To represent the total occurrence of a behavior over a period
To examine discrete data and summary information
What is the primary focus of Behaviorism?
Describing functional relations between behavior and physical events
Explaining behavior through thoughts and feelings
Determining the future of behavior based on current reinforcement or punishment
Understanding how environmental events change behavior and using them to change behavior in a desirable way
Which of the following is NOT one of the approaches to dealing with classroom management?
Humanist Tradition
Applied Behavior Analysis Tradition
An Integrated Approach
Classroom Management Tradition
Which of the following is NOT one of the things teachers do to communicate congruently?
Express sane messages
Avoid the use of labels
Stop collaboration
Classroom Management Tradition
Which of the following is NOT one of the areas of individual learners that Humanist tradition puts emphasis primarily on?
inner strength
feelings
psychological needs
emotions
Which of the following is NOT one of the humanist approaches teachers use to influence behavioral change in students?
the use of communication skills
taking disciplinary action
private conferences
individual and group problem solving
Which of the following is NOT one of the examples of humanist approach?
Congruent communication
Cooperative learning
Behavioral modification
Which of the following is NOT one of the recommendations for cooperative learning?
develop with your students rules for the classroom
having an area at school to which disruptive students can be removed
have private conferences with disruptive students
stop believing in the potential of every child to learn and behave
Which of the following is NOT one of the learning theories that applied behavior analysis is linked with
behaviorism
positive reinforcement
operant conditioning
"...focuses on changing or modifying behavior." Which of the following is defined below?
behavior modification
operant conditioning
congruent communication
Which of the following is NOT one of the types of reinforcement
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Neutral reinforcement
How many tiers of intervention is available?
two
three
four
five
What is the minimum age requirement for ABAT applicants?
16 years
18 years
22 years
20 years
What is the focus of ABA in terms of behaviour change?
Improving irrelevant behaviours
Improving socially significant behaviours
Improving personal hobbies
Improving sleeping patterns
Who is NOT a major figure associated with learning and behavioural psychology?
John Watson
Albert Einstein
Edward Thorndike
Ivan Pavlov
What is the definition of behaviour according to the text?
Anything a person dreams
Anything a person says or does
Anything a person thinks
Anything a person imagines
What is NOT a key component of ABA?
Improving important behaviours
Use of scientific inquiry
Focus on socially significant behaviours
Making robotic children
What is the primary focus of Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA)?
Personal beliefs
Socially significant behaviours
External environmental factors
Internal mental processes
What is the purpose of Behaviour Intervention in ABAT training?
To decrease behaviours
To increase behaviours
To ignore behaviours
To maintain behaviours
What is the role of parents in the ABAT program?
To take the exams
To complete the training
To support the Behaviour Technician
To design the coursework
What is NOT a requirement for ABAT certification?
Passing the QABA examination
Security background check
40 hours of training
High school diploma
What is the purpose of Behaviourism according to the text?
Speculating about behaviours
Explaining internal mental processes
Measuring and changing behaviours
Ignoring environmental events
Who is known for the theory of classical conditioning?
Edward Thorndike
John Watson
B. F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
What is the primary goal of ABA?
To provide quick fixes
To make robotic children
To cure autism
To improve socially significant behaviour
What is the attitude of Determinism in scientific inquiry?
Belief in randomness
Cause and effect
Subjective observation
Individual opinion
What does the dimension 'Generality' in ABA focus on?
Individualized interventions
One-time results
Reproducibility of interventions
Specificity of interventions
What is the primary goal of Behaviour Intervention in ABA?
To ignore behaviours
To improve socially significant behaviour
To provide quick fixes
To make children robotic
