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WorksheetsQuarter 4 Summative 1
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 12mins
A user unintentionally installs keylogging software on a computer. Which of the following is an example of how the keylogging software can be used by an unauthorized individual to gain access to computing resources?
The software gives an unauthorized individual remote access to the computer, allowing the individual to search the computer for personal information.
The software installs a virus on the computer and prompts the user to make a payment to the unauthorized individual to remove the virus.
The software prompts the user to enter personal information to verify the user’s identity. This personal information is recorded and transmitted to an unauthorized individual.
The software records all user input on the computer. The recorded information is transmitted to an unauthorized individual, who analyzes it to determine the user’s login passwords.
An individual receives an e-mail that appears to be from an insurance company. The message offers a low insurance rate, and prompts the recipient to click a link to learn more. Which of the following is most indicative that the e-mail is part of a phishing attempt?
After clicking the link, a browser cookie is downloaded to the recipient’s computer.
After clicking the link, a Web page opens that prompts the recipient for personal information.
After clicking the link, the recipient’s private network becomes publicly visible via a rogue access point.
After clicking the link, software is installed on the recipient’s computer that records every keystroke made on the computer.
A city’s police department has installed cameras throughout city streets. The cameras capture and store license plate data from cars driven and parked throughout the city. The authorities use recorded license plate data to identify stolen cars and to enforce parking regulations.
Which of the following best describes a privacy risk that could occur if this method of data collection is misused?
Responses
The cameras may not be able to read license plates in poor weather conditions.
Local business owners could lose customers who are unwilling to park in the city.
Traffic personnel who work for the city could lose their jobs if their services are no longer needed.
The vehicle location data could be used to monitor the movements of city residents.
Which of the following best exemplifies the use of multifactor authentication?
A computing device enables users to input information using multiple interfaces, including a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch pad.
A user employs a public key encryption method that uses one key to encrypt information and a different key to decrypt information.
A Web site requires a user to enter a password as well as a numeric code received via text message before the user can log in to an account.
Multiple users share an account to a Web-based software program, and each user has an individual username and password.
Which of the following actions is most likely to raise legal or ethical concerns?
An analyst writes a program that scans through a database of open-access scientific journals and creates a document with links to articles written on a particular topic.
A computer scientist adds several features to an open-source software program that was designed by another individual.
A musician creates a song using samples of a copyrighted work and then uses a Creative Commons license to publish the song.
A public interest group alerts people to a scam that involves charging them for a program that is available for free under a Creative Commons license.
Which of the following actions is most likely to be effective in reducing the digital divide at a local level?
Creating an application that offers coupons and discounts for local businesses
Offering a discount to utility customers who pay their bills online instead of by mail
Providing free community access to computers at schools, libraries, and community centers
Requiring applicants for local government jobs to complete an online application
For which of the following situations would it be best to use a heuristic in order to find a solution that runs in a reasonable amount of time?
Appending a value to a list of n elements, which requires no list elements be examined.
Finding the fastest route that visits every location among n locations, which requires n! possible routes be examined.
Performing a binary search for a score in a sorted list of n scores, which requires that fewer than n scores be examined.
Performing a linear search for a name in an unsorted database of n people, which requires that up to n entries be examined.
A graphic artist uses a program to draw geometric shapes in a given pattern. The program uses an algorithm that draws the shapes based on input from the artist. The table shows the approximate number of steps the algorithm takes to draw different numbers of shapes.
Based on the values in the table, which of the following best characterizes the algorithm for drawing n shapes, where n is a very large number?
The algorithm runs in a reasonable amount of time because it will use approximately n steps to draw n shapes.
The algorithm runs in a reasonable amount of time because it will use approximately n2 steps to draw n shapes.
The algorithm runs in an unreasonable amount of time because it will use approximately n steps to draw n shapes.
The algorithm runs in an unreasonable amount of time because it will use approximately n2 steps to draw n shapes.
A computer scientist is analyzing four different algorithms used to sort a list. The table below shows the number of steps each algorithm took to sort lists of different sizes.
Based on the values in the table, which of the algorithms appear to run in reasonable time?
Select two answers.
Algorithm A
Algorithm B
Algorithm C
Algorithm D
A team of programmers is designing software. One portion of the project presents a problem for which there is not an obvious solution. After some research, the team determines that the problem is undecidable. Which of the following best explains the consequence of the problem being undecidable?
The problem can be solved algorithmically, but it will require an unreasonably long amount of time.
The problem can be solved algorithmically, but it will require an unreasonably large amount of data storage
There is no possible algorithm that can be used to solve all instances of the problem.
There are several different possible algorithms that can solve the problem, but there is controversy about which is the most efficient.
A student wants to determine whether a certain problem is undecidable. Which of the following will demonstrate that the problem is undecidable?
Show that for one instance of the problem, an algorithm can be written that is always capable of providing a correct yes-or-no answer.
Show that for one instance of the problem, no algorithm can be written that is capable of providing a correct yes-or-no answer.
Show that for one instance of the problem, a heuristic is needed to write an algorithm that is capable of providing a correct yes-or-no answer.
Show that for one instance of the problem, an algorithm that runs in unreasonable time can be written that is capable of providing a correct yes-or-no answer.
The flow chart below visualizes the steps of an algorithm:
What would be displayed as a result of executing this algorithm?
15
5 9 12 14 15
10
0
4 7 9 10
The following algorithm displays a sequence of 10 odd squares:
Start by setting n to 1.
Repeat 10 times:
Multiply n by itself and display the result.
Add 2 to n.
Which of these correctly expresses that algorithm in pseudocode?
A high school provides email addresses to freshman students. The email system typically assigns an email address in the format "firstname.lastname@coolschool.edu". However, if a student has the same name as a previous student, the system assigns them a different format.
In order to figure out whether an email address is already assigned, the system does a binary search through its list of existing email addresses.
Which of these statements is true?
The list of email addresses must be sorted for binary search to work.
In the worst case that the email address is not in the list, binary search will need to look at every item in the list.
The code for the binary search algorithm must be written in binary to achieve optimum efficiency.
The list of email addresses don't need to be sorted for binary search to work, but that would improve the efficiency of the algorithm.
An online store manages an inventory of millions of products. On their front page, they show customers products related to the ones they've recently bought.
This procedure comes up with a list of similar products for a given list of products:
The calcSimilar() procedure takes 2 minutes to return a result, as it needs to do a complicated series of database lookups and mathematic operations. The other operations, creating the empty list and appending items to the list, only take a few nanoseconds.
If the store calls the procedure on a list of 5 products, approximately how long will it take to complete?
2 minutes
5 minutes
10 minutes
20 minutes
A mathematician comes up with an algorithm for multiplying two matrices together.
This table shows how many steps the algorithm requires for different matrix sizes:
Which function best describes how the number of steps changes as the matrix size ( ) increases?
1/n
n
n2
n3
2n
This graph shows the efficiencies of two different algorithms that solve the same problem. Which of the following is most efficient?
These algorithms are equally efficient
Algorithm A is more efficient than algorithm B
Algorithm B is more efficient than algorithm A
The algorithms have different efficiencies depending on the input size
Which of the following algorithmic efficiencies would be considered LEAST efficient?
Linear
Constant
Polynomial
Exponential
A computer is performing a binary search on the sorted list of 7 numbers below.
[1, 5, 20, 50, 51, 80, 99]
What is the maximum number of iterations needed to find the item?
1
3
6
7
Which of the following are benefits of parallel and distributed computing?
I. Distributed computing improves the speed at which an individual computer executes a program
II. Parallel computing scales more effectively than sequential computing
III. Distributed computing allows larger problems to be solved quicker
I only
I and II
II and III
I, II and III
Computer A wants to send data securely to Computer B using public key encryption.
What information do they need from Computer B before Computer A can send the data?
Computer B's private key
Computer B's QR code
Computer B's administrative password
Computer B's public key
Which of the following is a true statement about the use of public key encryption in transmitting messages?
Public key encryption enables parties to initiate secure communications through an open medium, such as the Internet, in which there might be eavesdroppers.
Public key encryption is not considered a secure method of communication because a public key can be intercepted.
Public key encryption only allows the encryption of documents containing text; documents containing audio and video must use a different encryption method.
Public key encryption uses a single key that should be kept secure because it is used for both encryption and decryption.
Which of the following best explains how symmetric encryption algorithms are typically used?
Symmetric encryption uses a single key that should be kept secret. The same key is used for both encryption and decryption of data.
Symmetric encryption uses a single key that should be made public. The same key is used for both encryption and decryption of data.
Symmetric encryption uses two keys that should both be kept secret. One key is used for encryption, and the other is used for decryption.
Symmetric encryption uses two keys. The key used for encryption should be made public, but the key used for decryption should be kept secret.
