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Biology EOC Review

Total questions: 246

Worksheet time: 4hrs 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Deletion- Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

d)

All of the above

2.

Which type of mutation does the model demonstrate?

a)

Deletion

b)

Substitution

c)

Insertion

d)

Translocation

3.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

4.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
5.

What is the gender of this person?

a)

Male

b)

Female

6.

Where does Translation occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

ER

d)

Chloroplast

7.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Ribose

b)

Amino Acids

c)

tRNA

d)

Gene

8.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
9.

​ ​ Put the following in order.

a)

DNA

b)

chromosome

c)
Gene
d)

Protein

e)

trait

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
10.

Put them in the correct order

a)

DNA

b)

Transcription

c)

RNA

d)

Translation

e)

Protein

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
11.

What is "A"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

12.

What is "B"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

13.

What is "C"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

14.

Which part does code for traits?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

15.

What is the molecule in the image?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

16.

What makes up the SIDES of a DNA ladder?

a)

nitrogen bases

b)

sugars & phosphates

c)

genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

17.

What do the dotted lines between the nitrogenous bases (A,T,C,G) represent in the image provided?

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Peptide bonds

d)

Hydrogen bonds

18.
Question Image

Match the following CODONs with its corresponding Amino Acid

a)

GCA

1.

Ala

b)

AAC

2.

Asn

c)

AGC

3.

Ser

d)

GAA

4.

Glu

e)

CCC

5.

Pro

19.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
20.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
21.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
22.
The picture is an example of...
a)
active transport
b)
passive transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
23.
The cellular process in which materials are moved across a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration is called
a)
Osmosis
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Passive Transport 
24.
Which is the protein?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
25.
___________ allow cells to recognize each other and act like ID tags. 
a)
Carbohydrates 
b)
Proteins
c)
Phospholipids 
d)
Cholesterol
26.

The passage of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

a)

Active Transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Vesicular Transport

d)

Exocytosis

27.

Match the following

a)

Active Transport

1.

Uses ATP/energy, protein pump

b)

Osmosis

2.

movement of water, high to low

c)

Simple diffusion

3.

through cell membrane, high to low

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

4.

Protein channel, no energy, high to low

28.

Match the following

a)

1.

Active Transport

b)

2.

Simple Diffusion

c)

3.

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

4.

osmosis

29.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
30.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
31.

Match the following monomer

a)

amino acids

1.

proteins

b)

fatty acids

2.

lipids

c)

saccharides

3.

carbohydrates

d)

nucleic acids

4.

nucleotides

e)

Carbohydrates

5.

starches & sugars

32.
To control what enters or leaves the cell is a function of _________.
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondria
33.

Match the following organelles

a)

Nucleus

1.

Contains the codes & information for protein synthesis

b)

Rough ER

2.

Transports the proteins

c)

Golgi

3.

Packages the proteins

d)

Mitochodrion

4.

Supplies ATP to all organelles

e)

Ribosomes

5.

Synthesizes the proteins

34.

Identify the true statements about the cell membrane

a)

bilayer

b)

flexible

c)

made of fat

d)

beautiful

e)

always working

35.

What type of transport uses a transport protein?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Facilitated diffusion

36.

Maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Semi-permeable

c)

passive transport

d)

osmosis

37.

Allow only certain particles to cross into or out of the cell

a)

Homeostasis

b)

semi-permeable

c)

passive transport

d)

osmosis

38.

Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells

a)

prokaryotic cells

b)

eukaryotic cells

c)

both eukaryotic and prokaryotic

d)

neither

39.

Which type of cells has a chloroplast?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Plant Cell

c)

Animal Cell

d)

Bacteria

40.

What is the most basic unit of life?

a)

The cell

b)

The atom

c)

A molecule

d)

Bacteria

41.

Enzymes are

a)

Lipids

b)

Protein

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

42.

Letter B...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

43.

Letter D...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

44.

Letter c...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

45.

What does evolution mean?

a)

There is a change in the genetic makeup of a population

b)

A change in the genetic makeup of an individual

c)

The growth of a new body part

d)

Happens when a person grows over time.

46.
This is a example of........ 
a)
organ system
b)
cells
c)
organ
d)
tissue
47.

Match the following

a)

Cells

1.

All living things are made of one or more

b)

DNA

2.

All living things have genetic material.

c)

Reproduce

3.

All living things have offspring

d)

Grow

4.

All living thing increase in size, develop and die

48.
Which of the following is the correct order of organization in living things from most basic (simple) to most complex?
a)
a.  Organism, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
b)
a.  Organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organism
c)
a.  Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
d)
a.  Cell, organ, tissue, organ, organism, organ system
49.

Match the following pictures to their names:

a)
1.

Eukaryotic Cell

b)
2.

Prokaryotic Cell

c)
3.

Bacteriophage virus

d)
4.

Flu virus

50.

Edward Jenner invented the first modern ​ (a)   in 1796. Vaccines are substances that stimulate the production of ​ (b)   and provide immunity against a ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
vaccine
antibodies
disease
cell
51.

Viruses can only reproduce with the help of a ​ (a)   cell. This is another reason that viruses are not considered ​ (b)   things.

Choose from the below words
host
living
dead
52.

Which type of plant tropism response is shown in the video? Hint: Even though the plant is laying on its side, it starts growing up (away from the Earth's gravitational force).

a)

Phototropism

b)

Geotropism

c)

Thigmotropism

d)

Hydrotropism

53.

Which type of plant tropism response is shown in the video?

a)

Phototropism

b)

Geotropism

c)

Thigmotropism

d)

Hydrotropism

54.

Sunflowers turning towards the sun.

a)

Hydrotropism

b)

Phototropism

c)

Thigmotropism

d)

Geotropism

55.

The roots in this plant are exhibiting (showing)

a)

Hydrotropism & Geotropism

b)

Photoropism

c)

Only geotropism

d)

Thigmotropism & Phototropism

56.

Predator population lags behind prey population because......

a)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in prey

b)

Increase in predators leads to increase in prey

c)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in producers

d)

Increase in producers leads to increase in prey

57.

According to the graph, what is causing the deer population to decrease

a)

They got sick

b)

The wolf population is decreasing

c)

The wolf population increased

d)

They ran out of food

58.
a)
Stomata
b)
Leaves
c)
Roots
d)
Vascular tissue
59.
a)
Transpiration
b)
Absorption
c)
Transport
d)
Vascular tissue
60.
a)
Xylem
b)
Phloem
61.

Place them in the correct order from Smallest to Largest.

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ System

e)

Organism

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
62.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
63.
The diagram represents a pyramid of energy in an ecosystem.  Which level would most likely contain members of the plant kingdom?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
64.

Match the following

a)

Decomposer

1.

This is an organism that breaks down and gains nutrients from dead organisms.

b)

Predator

2.

This is an animal that lives by preying on other animals.

c)

Producer

3.

This is an organism that supplies matter and energy, also known as an autotroph.

d)

Consumer

4.

This is an organism that relies on other organisms for its food and energy supply; heterotroph

e)

Parasite

5.

This is an organism which feeds on, but usually does not kill, a larger organism

65.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Grass

1.

Primary producer

b)

Mouse

2.

Primary Consumer

c)

Snake

3.

Secondary Consumer

d)

Tertiary Consumer

4.

Hawk

66.

Match the following

a)

What type of succession is seen after a natural disaster such as a flood, tsunami, or fire as long as soil is present?

1.

secondary

b)

 Moss, lichen, and other organisms that begin to grow on bare rock in order to start a new community are called ________ species.

2.

pioneer

c)

Climax

3.

 A stable community with a mature forest  is known as a _______community.

d)

True

4.

 True or False: Biodiversity will help a species survive a variety of environmental conditions.

67.

Match the following

a)

Elephant

1.

Give an example of a population found in an African Savanna.

b)

Elephant, giraffe, lions, grass

2.

Give an example of a community found in the microbiome.  What about in the African Savanna?

c)

Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism

3.

What are three types of symbiosis?

d)

Mutualism

4.

What type of symbiotic relationship involves both species benefiting?

e)

What type of symbiotic relationship involves one species benefiting and one species being neither helped nor harmed?

5.

commensalism

68.

Match the following organisms with their place in the kelp forest food chain:

a)

1.

Producer

b)

2.

Primary Consumer

c)

3.

Tertiary Consumer

d)

4.

Apex Predator

e)

5.

Secondary Consumer

69.
This graph shows ....
a)
When one population inceases, the other decreases. 
b)
When one population decreases, the other inceases. 
c)
When one population increases, the other increases instantly. 
d)
When one population increases, the other increases shortly after. 
70.

Reorder the following from smallest to largest

a)

Organism

b)

Population

c)

Community

d)

Ecosystem

e)

Biosphere

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
71.

Which choice below shows the correct order of a food chain?

a)

sun -> rabbit -> tomato plant -. decomposer -> hawk

b)

tomato plant -> decomposer -> sun -> rabbit -> hawk

c)

sun -> tomato plant -> rabbit -> hawk -> decomposer

72.
_______are animals that eat only plants.
a)
herbivore
b)
carnivore
c)
omnivore
73.
_______ are animals that eat only animals (meat).
a)
herbivore
b)
omnivore
c)
carnivore
74.

Click the part of the flower that moves the pollen to ovules

A
B
C
D
E
F
75.

Click the part of the flower that makes pollen

A
B
C
D
E
F
76.

Click the pistil/ carpel

A
B
C
D
77.

What are the functions of the roots? (Select two answers)

a)

Absorbing Water and Minerals

b)

Attracting Insects

c)

Anchoring the Plant

d)

Performing Photosynthesis

e)

Making Nectar

78.

Where does Transcription occur

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

ER

d)

Mitochondria

79.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
80.

What is an example of an organ?

a)

Pancreas

b)

Blood

c)

Insulin

d)

Knee

81.

The excretory system gets rid of:

a)

Nutrients

b)

Cartilage

c)

Waste

d)

Oxygen

82.

Which system consists of the skin, hair, and nails?

a)

Circulatory

b)

Respiratory

c)

Nervous

d)

Integumentary

83.

Which system is this?

a)

Integumentary

b)

Respiratory

c)

Nervous

d)

Digestive

84.

Match the organ system with its function

a)

Nervous System

1.

Controls the body

b)

Circulatory System

2.

Transports oxygen and nutrients through the body

c)

Muscular System

3.

Helps move the body

d)

Excretory System

4.

Removes waste

85.

Match the organ system with its function(s).

a)

Integumentary System

1.

Protects the body and helps control body temperature

b)

Skeletal System

2.

Provides support, protects organs, helps the body move

c)

Respiratory System

3.

Takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

d)

Digestive System

4.

Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and removes waste

86.

Drag the images to match the labels

a)
1.

Cell

b)
2.

Tissue

c)
3.

Organ

d)
4.

Organ System

e)
5.

Organism

87.

Click the picture to read and answer the question

a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

88.

Click the picture to read and answer the question

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

89.

Match the organ system with its function(s).

a)

Integumentary System

1.

Protects the body and helps control body temperature

b)

Skeletal System

2.

Provides support, protects organs, helps the body move

c)

Respiratory System

3.

Takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

d)

Digestive System

4.

Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and removes waste

90.

A rabbit is running away from a fox.

Which organ systems (2) are mainly interacting in this scenario

a)

digestive

b)

nervous

c)

muscular

d)

respiratory

e)

skeletal

91.

Compare and contrast the functions of carbohydrates and lipids.

a)cellulose, chitin
b)fat, oil, wax
c)cell wall
d)energy
e)rapid energy
f)long term energy
g)cell membrane
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
92.

Compare and contrast Proteins and Nucleic Acids

a)Muscles & Antibodies
b)cell membrane
c)transports material
d)directs protein synthesis
e)nucleus
f)DNA and RNA
g)involves DNA and RNA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
93.

Which nutrition label will provide more quick energy, but have the fewest amount of calories?

A
B
94.

An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

95.

One of the main functions of the semi-permeable cell membrane is to maintain homeostasis for the cell. Semi-permeable means that only some molecules are allowed to cross the membrane and others are not.

Which biomolecule molecule enables large molecules to cross the membrane?

(a)  

96.

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have small, free-floating organelles. The cell makes these organelles from nucleic acids and amino acids found in food. Without these organelles, the cell could not make proteins.

These organelles are called ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
ribosomes
nucleus
cell membrane
mitochondria
chloroplast
97.

Match the cell structure with its primary function.

Move the correct answers to the correct boxes.

​ (a)   - controls cell activities

​ (b)   - protein synthesis

​ (c)   - controls what goes in and out of the cell

​ (d)   - support

​ (e)   - provides energy for the cell

Choose from the below words
nucleus
ribosome
cell membrane
cell wall
mitochondrion
98.

Which type of movement across a cell’s plasma membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?

a)

Passive Transport

b)

Simple Diffusion

c)

Active Transport

d)

Osmosis

99.

Passive transport is represented in three different forms. ​ (a)   is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. ​ (b)   , like when someone sprays perfume, is the movement of molecules down or under a concentration gradient. ​ (c)   is the movement of molecules down a gradient with the help of special protein channels.

Choose from the below words
Osmosis
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
100.

Correctly label the image

a)Passive Transport
b)Active Transport
c)energy
d)low concentration
e)high concentration
1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
101.
The contractile vacuole is an organelle found in paramecia, a group of unicellular organisms. Contractile vacuoles pump out fresh water that accumulates in the organisms by osmosis. If the contractile vacuoles did not perform this function, could the paramecia maintain homeostasis?
a)

No, because the excess water would accumulate and burst the cell.

b)

Yes, because the paramecia would simply become bigger organisms.

c)

Yes, because just like all living things, paramecia need water to survive.

d)

No, because the excess water would create a balance between the inside and outside of the cell.

102.

What are the 3 functions of the cell membrane?

a)

Maintain Homeostasis

b)

Protect the inside of the cell from the external environment

c)

Allows specific things to enter or exit the cell (semi-permeable)

d)

Keep all solutes out of the cell, only allows water in

103.

Which statement best describes how a virus replicates?

a)

A virus divides into two identical virus particles before infecting the host cell.

b)

A virus enters a host cell and uses the materials from the host cell to produce new virus particles.

c)

Multiple virus particles fuse and form a large particle that breaks apart, releasing new virus particles.

d)

Multiple virus particles break down in component parts, which then reassemble into new copies of the virus.

104.

Which part of the virus will be used to attach to a host cell receptor?

A
B
C
105.

Match the following

a)

cell growth

1.

G1

b)

DNA Replicates

2.

S

c)

Interphase

3.

G1, S, G2

d)

M Phase

4.

Cell Division

e)

division of nucleus

5.

Mitosis

106.

Put the following phases into the correct order

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
107.

Which letter in the image represents metaphase?

A
B
C
D
108.

Cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell division. Cancer cells behave differently than normal cells, and function incorrectly during the cell cycle. Which of these best describes how cell division irregularities might lead to cancer?

a)

Cancer cells become "stuck" in G1 of Interphase, which causes each cell to grow excessively large.

b)

Cancer cells keep dividing and do not stop when overcrowded, leading to tumor formation.

c)

Cancer cells remain too long in the DNA Replication part of Interphase, which creates excessive copies of new cells.

d)

Cancer cells divide far less than normal cells, allowing each individual cell to increase in size.

109.

Patients who have lymphoma, a cancer effecting blood cells,

are frequently prescribed a medication called Bleomycin.

This medication stops the growth of cancer cells in the body,

preventing them from dividing or growing.

What phase(s) of the cell cycle would likely be most heavily impacted by Bleomycin?

a)

G1 and Prophase

b)

Mitosis only

c)

S

(DNA Replication)

d)

G2 and Mitosis

110.

What do all living things have in common?

a)

have DNA

b)

maintain homeostasis

c)

able to reproduce

d)

have identical proteins

111.

Match the complementary nitrogen bases together

a)

Adenine

1.

Thymine

b)

Guanine

2.

Cytosine

c)

Thymine

3.

Adenine

d)

Cytosine

4.

Guanine

112.

Label the nucleotide

a)sugar
b)phosphate
c)nitrogen base
1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
113.

Label the image

a)A
b)G
c)sugar-phosphate backbone
d)stores genetic info
e)Hydrogen bond
f)T
g)C
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
114.

DNA molecules contain the genetic information that determines the characteristics of a living organism. How do DNA molecules express the genetic information they contain?

a)

by breaking down proteins within the cell

b)

by directing the process of protein synthesis

c)

by regulating the storage of cellular proteins

d)

by controlling the movement of protein molecules

115.

In Texas Longhorn cattle, coat coloration is an inherited trait. What is the genetic basis of coat-color variation in Texas Longhorn cattle?

a)

Differences in the nucleotide sequences of genes

b)

Differences in the numbers of chromosomes in cells

c)

Differences in the diets of individual cattle

d)

Differences in the environmental conditions of different geographical areas 

116.

Label the diagram

a)Translation
b)DNA
c)RNA
d)Protein
e)Transcription
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
117.

AUG codes for the amino acid Methionine and AAA codes for Lysine in cucumbers. What do those two codons code for in birds?

a)

Valine and Aspartic Acid

b)

Serine and Glutamic Acid

c)

Isoleucine and Histadine

d)

Methionine and Lysine

118.

Using the Codon chart attached, drag and drop the corresponding amino acid to its mRNA base

AAA : ​ (a)  

GUU : ​ (b)  

UAA : ​ (c)  

AGU : ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
lysine
valine
stop
serine
119.

Which type of mutation is represented in the image?

a)

a point mutation

b)

an inversion mutation

c)

a deletion mutation

d)

an insertion mutation

120.

Which type(s) of mutations will most likely change sequence of nitrogen bases in a codon?

a)

Insertion

b)

Substitution

c)

Deletion

d)

Translation

121.

Label the diagram

a)anticodon
b)mRNA
c)tRNA
d)Ribosome
e)amino acids
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
122.

Each cell in the human body, with the exception of gametes, contains the same number of chromosomes and the same genetic sequences. Which process determines cell differentiation or cell specialization?

a)

Gene Expression

b)

Mutation of the Genes

c)

Different methods of cell division

d)

the host chooses

123.

Compare and contrast the functions of carbohydrates and lipids.

a)Sugar, bread, fruits
b)fat, oil, wax
c)cell wall
d)energy
e)quick energy
f)long term energy
g)cell membrane
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
124.

Compare and contrast Proteins and Nucleic Acids

a)Muscles & Antibodies
b)cell membrane
c)transports material
d)directs protein synthesis
e)nucleus
f)DNA and RNA
g)involves DNA and RNA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
125.

Match the cell structure with its primary function.

Move the correct answers to the correct boxes.

​ (a)   - controls cell activities

​ (b)   - protein synthesis

​ (c)   - controls what goes in and out of the cell

​ (d)   - support

​ (e)   - provides energy for the cell

Choose from the below words
nucleus
ribosome
cell membrane
cell wall
mitochondrion
126.

Which type of movement across a cell’s plasma membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?

a)

Passive Transport

b)

Simple Diffusion

c)

Active Transport

d)

Osmosis

127.

Passive transport is represented in three different forms. ​ (a)   is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. ​ (b)   , like when someone sprays perfume, is the movement of molecules down or under a concentration gradient. ​ (c)   is the movement of molecules down a gradient with the help of special protein channels.

Choose from the below words
Osmosis
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
128.

Correctly label the image

a)Passive Transport
b)Active Transport
c)energy
d)low concentration
e)high concentration
1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
129.

Which part of the virus will be used to attach to a host cell receptor?

A
B
C
130.

Match the following

a)

cell growth

1.

G1

b)

DNA Replicates

2.

S

c)

Interphase

3.

G1, S, G2

d)

M Phase

4.

Cell Division

e)

division of nucleus

5.

Mitosis

131.

Put the following phases into the correct order

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
132.

Which letter in the image represents metaphase?

A
B
C
D
133.

Cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell division. Cancer cells behave differently than normal cells, and function incorrectly during the cell cycle. Which of these best describes how cell division irregularities might lead to cancer?

a)

Cancer cells become "stuck" in G1 of Interphase, which causes each cell to grow excessively large.

b)

Cancer cells keep dividing and do not stop when overcrowded, leading to tumor formation.

c)

Cancer cells remain too long in the DNA Replication part of Interphase, which creates excessive copies of new cells.

d)

Cancer cells divide far less than normal cells, allowing each individual cell to increase in size.

134.

Label the nucleotide

a)sugar
b)phosphate
c)nitrogen base
1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
135.

Label the image

a)A
b)G
c)sugar-phosphate backbone
d)stores genetic info
e)Hydrogen bond
f)T
g)C
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
136.

Label the diagram

a)Translation
b)DNA
c)RNA
d)Protein
e)Transcription
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
137.

Using the Codon chart attached, drag and drop the corresponding amino acid to its mRNA base

AAA : ​ (a)  

GUU : ​ (b)  

UAA : ​ (c)  

AGU : ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
lysine
valine
stop
serine
138.

Which type of mutation is represented in the image?

a)

a point mutation

b)

an inversion mutation

c)

a deletion mutation

d)

an insertion mutation

139.

Label the diagram

a)anticodon
b)mRNA
c)tRNA
d)Ribosome
e)amino acids
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
140.

The phenomena seen in the image is called 'crossing over.'

Crossing over is important in meiosis because...

a)

it helps create genetic variation

b)

it helps each gamete produce be genetically identical

c)

it helps to reduce genetic variation

d)

it ensures that no mutations occur in DNA Replication

141.

Correctly label the mutations

a)substitution
b)insertion
c)deletion
d)translocation
1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
142.

Which numbered location on the phylogenetic tree identifies characteristics shared by Species B, C, and D?

A
B
C
D
143.

The rock pocket mouse is found mainly in rocky areas of the deserts of the southwestern United States. Most of these mice have light brown fur that allows them to blend in with the desert rocks where they live. However, there is an area of New Mexico with black rock left over from old volcanic eruptions.

Scientists discovered that many of the rock pocket mice living on the black volcanic rock have dark fur.What is the best explanation for this phenomenon?

a)

The dark colored mice 

survived and passed on their genes to their offspring so that, over time, the population became mostly dark colored.

b)

The light colored mice 

began expressing the dark fur gene in order to camouflage themselves from predators. 

c)

The dark colored mice 

were stronger than the light colored mice and were, therefore, able to fight off predators.

d)

The light colored mice all 

experienced the same mutation, which caused them to start producing more melanin and turned their fur a darker color.

144.

Label the biological levels of organization.

a)organism
b)population
c)community
d)ecosystem
1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
145.

The ​ (a)   system consists of a group of organs that help break down food into nutrients and simpler substances. The ​ (b)   system helps transport these nutrients and substances throughout the body, and into the cells.

Choose from the below words
digestive
circulatory
endocrine
respiratory
146.

Match the following

a)

Nervous System

1.

sends and receives signals

b)

Immune System

2.

protects against pathogens

c)

Muscular

3.

moves skeletal frame

d)

Integumentary

4.

first line of defense

e)

Endocrine

5.

creates hormones

147.

Leaf-cutter ants harvest leaves and carry them to fungi that convert plant material into a usable form for the ants to digest. The fungi depend on the leaves for nutrients. The ants also produce an antibiotic on their bodies that helps protect the fungi from harmful bacteria.

a)

Predation, because the ants feed on the fungi

b)

Mutualism, because both the ants and the fungi benefit from each other

c)

Competition, because both organisms consume the same resource for energy

d)

Commensalism, because the ants receive energy from the fungi and the fungi are unaffected

148.

​ (a)   is the type of symbiosis in which one individual benefits while the other individual neither benefits nor is harmed

Choose from the below words
Commensalism
predation
competition
mutualism
symbiosis
parasitism
149.
Why does primary succession take longer to reach climax community?
a)

Because trees do not perform photosyntheses.

b)

Because climax community is in a forrest.

c)

Because primary succession already has soil

d)

Because primary succession does not have soil

150.

Approximately how much energy is available to the secondary consumers in this energy pyramid?

a)

10 kcal/m2/year

b)

100 kcal/m2/year

c)

1,000 kcal/m2/year

d)

5,000 kcal/m2/year

151.

Put this food chain in the correct order

a)

Grass

b)

Grasshopper

c)

Shrew

d)

Snake

e)

Mountain Lion

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
152.

In this food web, what trophic level is the owl?

a)

Producer

b)

Primary Consumer

c)

Secondary Consumer

d)

Tertiary Consumer

153.
What organelle is called the "powerhouse" of a cell?

a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleolus
154.

The _____________ holds the DNA, and controls the functions of eukaryotic cells.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Nuclear Membrane

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

155.
An organelle that captures energy from the sunlight in order to use it to produce food in plant cells is ______________.
a)
Chromatin
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell Membrane
156.

This organelle controls what goes in and out of plant and animal cells.

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Cytoplasm

157.

PROKARYOTIC cells do NOT have

a)

membrane bound organelles

b)

cell membrane

c)

DNA

d)

ribosomes

158.

The main difference between an archaebacteria and a leaf cell is --

a)

A leaf cell contains a cell wall while a bacteria cell does not

b)

A leaf cell contains a nuclear membrane while a bacteria cell does not

c)

A bacteria cell contains a nuclear membrane while a leaf cell does not

d)

A bacteria cell contains a cell wall while a leaf cell does not

159.

Which phase is this?

a)

prophase II

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Telophase II

d)

Anaphase II

160.

Identify the phase in the picture

a)

Anaphase II

b)

Prophase II

c)

Metaphase II

d)

Telophase II

161.
a)

Prophase II

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Anaphase II

d)

Telophase II

162.

Identify the phase in the picture

a)

Prophase II

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Anaphase II

d)

Telophase II

163.

Identify the phase

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase I

164.

What phase is this?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Prophase I

c)

Telophase I

d)

Anaphase I

165.

What phase is this?

a)

Telophase I

b)

Anaphase I

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Prophase I

166.

What phase is this?

a)

Telophase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

P

167.
Which type of transport does not require energy?
a)
Passive transport
b)
Active transport
c)
Pump
d)
Neuron connections
168.
Which type of transport does not require energy?
a)
Passive transport
b)
Active transport
c)
Pump
d)
Neuron connections
169.
Movement of anything across a semi-permeable membrane from high concentration to low concentration is
a)
diffusion
b)
osmosis
c)
active transport
d)
pump
170.
Movement of WATER across a semi-permeable membrane is
a)
osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
neuron relay
171.
Which type of transport requires energy?
a)
passive transport
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
172.
a solution that contains equal amount of solvent and solute is
a)
isotonic
b)
hypertonic
c)
hypotonic
d)
solute
173.
if a blood cell is placed in salt water it will
a)
loose water and shrink
b)
gain water and shrink
c)
loose water and swell
d)
gain water and swell
174.

sodium potassium pump moves Na and K against the concentration gradient and uses energy; what is this?

a)

active transport

b)

passive transport

c)

diffusion

d)

osmosis

175.
what will happen to a body in fresh water?
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
loose water
d)
loose salt
176.
The stacks of flattened sacs in the picture are called
a)
chlorophyll
b)
grana
c)
stroma
d)
thylakoids
177.
The light reactions occur in the ________ and the dark reactions take place in the ________.
a)

Chloroplast / thylakoid membrane

b)

stroma / thylakoid

c)

mesophyl / stomata

d)

thylakoid / stroma

178.
In which eukaryotic organelles does photosynthesis occur?
a)

Chlorophyll

b)

stomata

c)

xylem

d)

chloroplast

179.

The purpose of photosynthesis is

a)

to make ATP

b)

to make water

c)

to make carbon dioxide

d)

to make glucose

180.

Plants need ____ for photosynthesis.

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

glucose

d)

ATP

181.

What is the pigment in the organelle that performs photosynthesis?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Thylakoid

d)

Chlorophyll

182.

Which of the following is the correct formula for photosynthesis?

a)

CO2 + H2O --> O2 + C6H12O6

b)

light + H2O + O2 --> CO2 + C6H12O6

c)

CO2 + C6H12O6 --> O2 + H2O

d)

CO2 + O2 + H2O --> C6H12O6

183.

During photosynthesis, energy is released as -

a)

CO2 and glucose

b)

O2 and glucose

c)

H2O and C6H12O6

d)

H2O and CO2

184.

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which has occurred?

a)

The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution

b)

The saltwater solution lowers the temperature in the gums

c)

The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient

d)

The water in the gums has moved from a high to a low concentration of water

185.

Which amino acid sequence can be coded from the DNA sequence CAG TAG CGA?

a)

Valine - Isoleucine - Glycine

b)

Valine - Aspartic Acid - Alanine

c)

Valine - Isoleucine - Alanine

d)

Valine - Phenylalanine - Alanine

186.

RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

nucleic acid

d)

protein

187.

Which is an example of osmosis?

a)

potassium ions moving in and out of an animal cell

b)

carbon dioxide moving into the leaf cells of a plant

c)

oxygen moving into the bloodstream from the lungs

d)

water moving into the root cells of a plant

188.

A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped?

a)

osmosis

b)

photosynthesis

c)

protein synthesis

d)

respiration

189.

Hitchhiker’s thumb (H) is dominant to no hitchhiker’s thumb (h). A woman who does not have hitchhiker’s thumb marries a man who is heterozygous for hitchhiker’s thumb. What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children?

a)

0% Hh : 100% hh

b)

50% Hh : 50% hh

c)

75% Hh : 25% hh

d)

100% Hh : 0% hh

190.

During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?

a)

excretion

b)

metabolism

c)

homeostasis

d)

synthesis

191.

A strand of DNA has these bases:

AGC CAT GTA TAC

What is the complementary DNA strand?

a)

ACG GAT CTA TAG

b)

TCG GTA CAT ATG

c)

TGC CTA GAT ATC

d)

UCG CUA CAU AUG

192.

What type of organic molecule are enzymes?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

193.

The yucca plant releases a strong scent at night when the yucca moth is active. The yucca moth, attracted by the scent, gathers pollen from the yucca flower. The yucca moth then deposits her eggs and the pollen on another plant. This ensures that the plant will be cross-pollinated and that the yucca moth larvae have a steady food supply. Which relationship does this best illustrate?

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

194.

Which environmental concern is most associated with burning fossil fuels?

a)

global climate change

b)

pollution of ocean waters

c)

ozone layer destruction

d)

decrease in levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide

195.

Any change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react in some way.

a)

organism

b)

cell

c)

response

d)

stimulus

196.

Some organisms, called __________, can get energy from sunlight in a process known as photosynthesis.

a)

producers

b)

consumers

c)

decomposers

197.

Which graph represents exponential growth?

a)

The graph on the left

b)

The graph on the right

198.

Which graph represents a population with a carrying capacity?

a)

The graph on the left

b)

The graph on the right

199.

What is the approximate carrying capacity of this population?

a)

0

b)

1000

c)

2000

d)

2500

200.

Imagine a disease struck the chipmunk population. Which organism would likely also see a decline as a result.

a)

Hawk

b)

Bush

c)

Caterpiller

d)

Fox

201.
All organisms are made of
a)
Cells
b)
Electrons
c)
Neutrons
d)
Organs
202.
The universal genetic code for all living organisms is
a)
Molecules
b)
mtDNA
c)
RNA
d)
DNA
203.
Which of the following is a population?
a)
hawks, barred owls, and eagles on NC coast
b)
mountain stream
c)
all the frogs in a pond
d)
blue-tailed skinks (lizards) around a barn
204.
Which of the following best describes a community?
a)
sharks, groupers, anemones and shrimp on a coral reef
b)
decorator crabs on the seafloor
c)
loggerhead sea turtles in Atlantic
d)
prairie grassland in Wyoming
205.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
206.

Where does transcription take place in EUKARYOTIC cells?

a)

nucleus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

ribosome

207.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
208.
What is occurring in this picture?
a)
Translation
b)
Replication
c)
Translocation
d)
Transcription
209.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine
210.

TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence into RNA: TAC GTT ACT

a)

AUG CAA UGA

b)

ATG CAA TGA

c)

AUG GAT UGA

d)

TAC GTT ACT

211.

What is the difference between the sugar in DNA and RNA?

a)

In DNA, the sugar is Deoxyribose while in RNA the sugar is Ribose

b)

In DNA, the sugar is Ribose while in RNA the sugar is Deoxyribose

c)

In DNA, it is a 5 carbon sugar while in RNA it is only a 4 carbon sugar.

d)

There is no difference between the sugars

212.

What is a starch?

a)
A type of fat
b)
A type of protein
c)

A polysaccharide that has a steady flow of energy

213.

Mutations can be negative because

a)

They can cause cancer

b)

They can cause birth defects

c)

They can help an organism thrive in its environment.

d)

They can affect offspring.

214.

Another name for a point mutation is:

a)

Substitution

b)

Frameshift

c)

Insertion

d)

Deletion

215.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion

b)

Point mutation

c)

Deletion

d)

Substitution

216.

The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment?

a)

Mutations are a source of variation in the species

b)

Mutations are the cause of disease in the species

c)

Mutations are not harmful when they occur in somatic cells

d)

Mutations are always passed on to subsequent generations

217.

Chargaff's Rule stated that the following are PAIRS

a)

A = G and C = T

b)

A = C and G = T

c)

A = A and C = C

d)

A = T and C = G

218.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
219.

How much energy is transferred to the next trophic level?

a)

10%

b)

90%

220.

Barnacles are animals that cannot move. In order to get food, they attach to whales and catch any floating plankton in the water. The whale is neither helped nor harmed in the interaction. What type of symbiosis is this?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Neutralism

221.

In an ecosystem, there are populations of moose, rabbits, grass, and pine trees. Suddenly, a fire blazes through the area, which kills all of the populations. As the months go on, new species of grass begin to take root. This attracts animals, and eventually the ecosystem is restored.


What type of ecological succession happened?

a)

Primary succession

b)

Secondary succession

c)

Tertiary succession

d)

None of the above

222.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
223.

A symbiotic relationship where one organism (the parasite) benefits from and hurts another (the host).

Usually the parasite is getting food from the hosts body.

a)

Commensalism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Mutualism

d)

Competition

224.

Which of the following is NOT an ABIOTIC Factor

a)

Oxygen Levels

b)

Water levels

c)

Number for Decomposers

d)

Rate of soil erosion.

225.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

226.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

227.
What is the major cause for air pollution? 
a)
factories and cars
b)
cigarretes 
c)
deforestation
d)
oil spills
228.
Which process takes carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere?
a)
respiration
b)
combustion
c)
decomposition
d)
photosynthesis
229.
How nitrogen is "fixed" into useable form for plants
a)
only through action of bacteria
b)
only through lightning
c)
through action of bacteria & lightning
d)
through photosynthesis
230.

The first species to inhabit an area after a disturbance is a(n)

a)

invasive species

b)

pioneer species

c)

parasites

d)

abiotic component

231.

Which of the following are abiotic factors that can affect the stability and shape ecosystems? 

a)

 hurricanes, packs of wolves, and temperature, plants

b)

floods, drought, wind, precipitation, and soil type

c)

trees, and bacteria, fish, decomposers, and supply of algae

d)

sunlight, mushrooms, and wind

232.

A species whose introduction causes harm to the environment, the economy, or to human health. The new species begins to reproduce and spread rapidly because their new environment lacks any natural predators.

For example, Kudzu in the United States and the Burmese Pythons in the Florida Everglades

a)

Native

b)

Invasive

c)

Endangered

d)

Keystone

233.

Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?

a)

There is less energy available in the producers because their tissues are less dense than those at higher trophic levels.

b)

There is more energy available in the second trophic level because less energy is needed for hunting compared to the higher trophic levels.

c)

There is more available energy in the birds of prey because they have greater muscle mass for storing energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.

d)

There is less available energy in the fourth trophic level because of the loss of energy through metabolism in each of the lower trophic levels.

234.

Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming FROM them in a food web?

a)

More than one organism may eat them.

b)

They may eat more than one other organism.

c)

This organism gets its energy from multiple sources.

235.

Match the following

a)

Decomposer

1.

This is an organism that breaks down and gains nutrients from dead organisms.

b)

Predator

2.

This is an animal that lives by preying on other animals.

c)

Producer

3.

This is an organism that supplies matter and energy, also known as an autotroph.

d)

Consumer

4.

This is an organism that relies on other organisms for its food and energy supply; heterotroph

e)

Parasite

5.

This is an organism which feeds on, but usually does not kill, a larger organism

236.
Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?
a)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960
b)
Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide
c)
humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels
d)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960
237.

In a forest, the carrying capacity for squirrels is about 100. If humans cut down part of the forest to build houses, what will happen to the carrying capacity for the squirrels?

a)

it will increase

b)

it will decrease

c)

it will stay the same

238.

Identify this populations carrying capacity

A
B
C
239.

Carrying capacity is the ​ (a)   number of organisms that can survive in an area based on the available ​ (b)   , such as food and water.

Choose from the below words
maximum
resources
minimum
predators
240.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
241.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
242.
The Golgi apparatus _____.
a)
packages cell products for export
b)
eliminates waste
c)
stores DNA
d)
makes energy
243.
What structures distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell?
a)

Plant cells have cell walls and ribosomes.

b)

Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts and large vacuole.

c)

Plant cells have chloroplasts and ribosomes.

d)

Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria.

244.

Match the following

a)

There is a LOW amount of water either in the cell or in the solution.

1.

Hypotonic

b)

The part of a solution that is mixed into the solvent (water)

2.

Solute

c)

There is a HIGH amount of water either in the cell or in the solution.

3.

Hypertonic

d)

There is an EQUAL amount of water in both the cell and the solution.

4.

Isotonic

e)

The universal solvent, is the main material being moved in Osmosis.

5.

Water

245.

Reorder the following steps of Protein Synthesis.

a)

DNA unwinds for transcription

b)

mRNA moves to the ribosome

c)

Ribosome creates the protein during transcription

d)

The Rough ER modifies the Protein

e)

The Golgi body packages and ship the Protein out of the cell.

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
246.

The diagrams below show the phases of mitosis. Which diagram shows the cell is in metaphase?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

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