WorksheetsGeology Unit Test
Total questions: 58
Worksheet time: 30mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
1. Which type of rock is formed by the cooling and hardening of magma or lava?
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Igneous Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
2.
2. What are the three main types of rocks in the rock cycle?
a)
Magma, lava, and sediment
b)
Metamorphic, volcanic, and sedimentary
c)
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
3.
3. How does a sedimentary rock form?
a)
By cooling and hardening of magma
b)
From layers of sediment being pressed together
c)
Through heat and pressure deep underground
4.
4. True or False: Rocks go through a set path in the rock cycle and always follow the same sequence.
a)
True
b)
False
5.
5. What kind of rock is formed when existing rocks are changed by heat and pressure deep within the Earth?
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
6.
6. A scientist discovered this fossil when working at a site. Which type of rock were they likely digging into?
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
7.
7. What geologic process changes pieces of rocks, minerals and other materials into sedimentary rocks?
a)
Compacting and Cementing
b)
Heat and Pressure
c)
Cooling
d)
Melting
8.
8. What characteristic can be present in metamorphic rocks?
a)
Fossils
b)
Air pockets
c)
Foliation
d)
Glassy surface
9.
9. What type of rock is formed from slow cooling magma UNDER the earth's surface?
a)
Intrsuive Ignenous
b)
Extrusive Igneous
10.
10. President Lincoln inside the Lincoln Memorial was carved out of white Georgia marble (formed from Earth's pressure and heat). What type of rock is marble?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
None of the above
11.
11. What process forms Igneous rock?
a)
heat and pressure
b)
melting and cooling
c)
compaction and cementation
d)
weathering and erosion
12.
12. What geological process involves the transformation of solid rock into molten rock or magma?
a)
Weathering
b)
Crystallization
c)
Melting
d)
Erosion
13.
13. Complete the equation:
Compaction + ________ = Sedimentary Rocks
a)
Melting
b)
Cooling
c)
Crystallization
d)
Cementation
14.
14. Which geological process involves the removal of weathered rock particles?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Compaction and Cementation
15.
15. Freezing and thawing of water in rock cracks is an example of ____________ weathering?
a)
chemical
b)
mechanical
c)
electrical
16.
16. Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
a)
Formation of sand dunes in a desert
b)
Freezing and thawing of water in rock cracks
c)
Rusting of iron due to air and moisture
17.
17. How do geologists differentiate between different types of rocks?
a)
Weight and size
b)
Based on smell and taste
c)
Using color, texture and crystal formations
d)
By figuring out the age
18.
18. What is #3 on the diagram:
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Magma
19.
19. What type of rock is #4 on the diagram:
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
20.
20. The rate of erosion would increase if the...
a)
Average Rainfall increased
b)
Wind speed decreased
c)
Slope of the land decrease
d)
Vegetation cover increased
21.
21. A miner is mining for foliated rock. Use the image to determine if they would find what they are looking for in Layer B.
a)
This would be the best place for the miner to mine these rocks.
b)
This would not be a good place for the miner to mine these rocks.
22.
22. Which of the following land features would take the longest amount of time to change?
a)
Shape of a volcano
b)
Positions of sand dunes
c)
Locations of continents
d)
Fractures in rock formations
23.
23. What type of deformation caused each mountain range to form.
a)
A. Foliation, B. Tension
b)
A. Folding, B. Fracturing
c)
A. Folding, B. Faulting
d)
A. Tension, B. Faulting
24.
24. What's the difference between erosion and deposition?
a)
Erosion happens because of water and deposition happens because of wind.
b)
Erosion is worse than depostion.
c)
Erosion removes sediment from a land form while deposition adds sediment to a land form
d)
Erosion happens because of wind and deposition happens because of water.
25.
25. What is a system of chronological measurement that relates stratigraphy (study of rock layers) to time?
a)
geological time scale
b)
law of superposition
c)
relative dating
d)
strata
26.
26. What is the study of the physical features and history of Earth?
a)
geological time scale
b)
geology
c)
law of superposition
d)
relative dating
27.
27. As layers accumulate over time, the rock at the bottom is older than the rock at the top, if left undisturbed. What is this called?
a)
geology
b)
law of superposition
c)
relative dating
d)
strata
28.
28. The layers formed in rocks.
a)
geological time scale
b)
law of superposition
c)
strata
d)
ice age
29.
29. What happens when plates slide past each other in different directions and waves vibrate through Earth's surface.
a)
geological time scale
b)
law of superposition
c)
strata
d)
earthquake
30.
30. What is a fracture in rocks caused by plates sliding past each other?
a)
fault
b)
volcano
c)
fossil
d)
earthquake
31.
31. What is molten rock?
a)
volcano
b)
index fossil
c)
magma
d)
magma intrusion
32.
32. The study of rock layers and layering.
a)
index fossil
b)
Pangea
c)
magma intrusion
d)
stratigraphy
33.
33. When magma cools and solidifies before it reaches the surface.
a)
volcano
b)
magma
c)
fossil
d)
magma intrusion
34.
34. A supercontinent in which all the land continents were connected.
a)
Pangea
b)
volcano
c)
index fossil
d)
earthquake
35.
35. What is used to date rocks and other nearby fossils?
a)
index fossil
b)
magma
c)
magma intrusion
d)
fossil
36.
36. When high-pressure magma finds an opening and explodes to the surface this happens.
a)
fault
b)
volcano
c)
fossil
d)
earthquake
37.
37. What is this an example of?
a)
Volcano
b)
Strata
c)
Magma
d)
Fossils
38.
38. What is E?
a)
Volcano
b)
Strata
c)
Magma Intrusion
d)
Fault
39.
39. What are the layers in order from oldest to youngest?
a)
A, B, C, D, E
b)
E, D, C, B, A
c)
E, C, B, D, A
40.
40. Which of the following is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
Earth's magnetic field
d)
convection currents in the mantle
41.
41. What type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other?
a)
Convergent boundary
b)
Divergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
d)
Subduction boundary
42.
42. The process where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another is called:
a)
Rift
b)
Subduction
c)
Uplift
d)
Erosion
43.
43. Which feature is formed when two tectonic plates collide, causing the crust to crumple and fold?
a)
Rift valley
b)
Mid-ocean ridge
c)
Trench
d)
Mountain range
44.
44. The San Andreas Fault is an example of which type of plate boundary?
a)
Convergent boundary
b)
Divergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
d)
Subduction boundary
45.
45. The two types of tectonic plates are:
a)
magma and igneous
b)
rocks and soil
c)
mountains and volcanoes
d)
oceanic and continental
46.
46. Which type of boundary created the Appalachian mountains?
a)
Convergent boundary
b)
Divergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
47.
47. Plates on the ocean bed spread apart and magma rises to form ridges. This is ____________.
a)
magma intrusion
b)
subduction
c)
seafloor spreading
d)
convergent boundary
48.
48. Alfred Wegener was a scientist who fought to provide evidence for the ____________________?
a)
Law of superposition
b)
Theory of Continental Drift
c)
Plate Tectonics
d)
Gravity
49.
49. How did scientists prove the Theory of Continental Drift?
a)
Fossils of the same species found on different continents
b)
Rocks of the same type and age found on different continents
c)
The coastlines of the 7 continents fit together like a puzzle
d)
All of the above
50.
50. Tectonic plates move and float on the _________________.
a)
lithosphere
b)
core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
stratosphere
51.
51. Which two layers make up the lithosphere? (choose 2)
a)
crust
b)
core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
mantle
52.
52. The Earth is 4.6 million years old.
a)
true
b)
false
53.
53. What do geologists use to interpret and organize Earth's history? (choose 2)
a)
index fossils
b)
ocean currents
c)
rock strata
54.
54. Which boundary caused these mid ocean ridges?
a)
convection
b)
convergent
c)
subduction
d)
divergent
55.
This rock started as lava that cooled and then was heated and put under pressure over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentar
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
56.
The gradual formation of crystals (minerals with an internal structure) from a liquid (magma)
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Crystallization
d)
Deposition
57.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
58.
Which type of rock is made from magma cooling inside Earth?
a)
EXTRUSIVE igneous
b)
INTRUSIVE igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
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