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Topics for Final Exam Winter 2024

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 3hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is groundwater?

4 lines
2.

What is porosity and permeability?

4 lines
3.

What is aquifer (confined and unconfined, artesian)?

4 lines
4.

What is aquitard?

4 lines
5.

Groundwater uses

4 lines
6.

What is subsidence?

4 lines
7.

Sources of groundwater contamination

4 lines
8.

What is evapotranspiration?

4 lines
9.

How are groundwater and streamflow connected?

4 lines
10.

How do glaciers form?

4 lines
11.

Huronian glaciation (when and how it happened?)

4 lines
12.

Difference between ice cap and ice field

4 lines
13.

3 stages of glacial ice formation

4 lines
14.

Mechanism of glacial movement

4 lines
15.

Process of glacial erosion

4 lines
16.

Examples of glacial erosional landforms

4 lines
17.

Examples of glacial depositional landforms

4 lines
18.

What is moraine?

4 lines
19.

What is kettle lake?

4 lines
20.

What is esker?

4 lines
21.

What is drumlin?

4 lines
22.

How can glaciers "tell" about climate change?

4 lines
23.

How and where does permafrost form? Why is permafrost thawing dangerous?

4 lines
24.

What are periglacial environments?

4 lines
25.

How and where do earthquakes form?

4 lines
26.

What are seismics waves and how are they related to earthquakes?

4 lines
27.

Know definitions of focus, epicentre, foreshock, aftershock

4 lines
28.

How is earthquake magnitude measured?

4 lines
29.

What is earthquake intensity?

4 lines
30.

How are earthquakes measured? (seismograph)

4 lines
31.

Know how to read P- and S-waves on seismogram

4 lines
32.

How is earthquake damage assessed?

4 lines
33.

How can earthquakes be predicted?

4 lines
34.

What are the secondary effects of earthquakes?

4 lines
35.

How can human-induced earthquakes occur?

4 lines
36.

What are earthquake hazard maps?

4 lines
37.

Steps of earthquakes preparation and planning

4 lines
38.

Tectonic settings where volcanoes can occur

4 lines
39.

What are volcanic fissures?

4 lines
40.

Two eruption styles

4 lines
41.

Know volcanic features

4 lines
42.

Know volcano types

4 lines
43.

How do large igneous provinces form?

4 lines
44.

What is sea floor volcanism?

4 lines
45.

Main volcanic hazards: ash, tephra, pyroclastic flow, gas, lahars, lava flow

4 lines
46.

How are volcanic hazards monitored?

4 lines
47.

How to reduce risks of volcanic hazards?

4 lines
48.

Which natural resources can be obtained from volcanoes?

4 lines
49.

How is geothermal energy related to volcanoes?

4 lines
50.

What is chemical and physical weathering?

4 lines
51.

How is soil formed?

4 lines
52.

Main soil horizons

4 lines
53.

Soil properties: colour, texture, structure, chemistry, acidity/alkalinity

4 lines
54.

Human impact on soil

4 lines
55.

Canadian System of Soil Classification (know names of orders)

4 lines
56.

What is karst and how is it formed?

4 lines
57.

How do sinkholes occur?

4 lines
58.

How are caves formed?

4 lines
59.

What are lava tubes?

4 lines
60.

Economic values of karst

4 lines
61.

Agriculture influence on karst

4 lines
62.

Forestry influence on karst

4 lines