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Science SOL Template Earth and Space Systems

Total questions: 130

Worksheet time: 3hrs 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What planet is being described?

a)

Mars

b)

Mercury

c)

Uranus

d)

Saturn

2.

What planet is being described?

a)

Mars

b)

Mercury

c)

Uranus

d)

Saturn

3.

What planet is being described?

a)

Mars

b)

Mercury

c)

Uranus

d)

Saturn

4.

What planet is being described?

a)

Mars

b)

Mercury

c)

Uranus

d)

Saturn

5.
a)

1,5,7

b)

3,4,8

c)

2,6,8

d)

3,5,9

6.
What is one way people can help prevent erosion of land?
a)
Dig more holes
b)
Cut down trees
c)
Build homes
d)
Plant grass & trees
7.

Match the following:

a)

Low Pressure

1.

rainy weather

b)

High Pressure

2.

sunny weather

c)

Cold Front

3.

cooler weather

d)

Warm Front

4.

warmer weather

8.

The four seasons winter, spring, summer, and fall can vary significantly. Which of these causes seasonal changes on Earth?

a)

Earth's orbit and tilt

b)

The shape of the sun's orbit

c)

The changing shape of Earth's orbit

d)

Earth's position in relation to the moon

9.

In many ways, Earth is like other planets in the solar system. In which way is Earth different from other planets?

a)

Earth has a moon

b)

Earth orbits the sun

c)

Earth has many mountains

d)

Earth has a lot of water.

10.

Earth moves around the Sun at about 19 miles per second or about 67,000 miles per hour. How long does it take Earth to go all the way around the Sun one complete time?

a)

1 day

b)

7 days

c)

30 days

d)

365 days

11.

Earth's crust is part of which sphere

a)

geosphere

b)

hydrosphere

c)

atmosphere

d)

biosphere

12.

Which fossil shown below is that of an organism that most likely lived on land?

a)
b)
c)
d)
13.

a)

a desert

b)

a shallow sea

c)

a tundra

d)

a rainforest

14.

The diagram below shows a fossil in rock layers. Which of the following statements about the diagram is true?

a)

At one time, the area where this rock was formed was a dense forest.

b)

Animals that lived in the area had thick fur to keep them warm.

c)

Only animals that eat other animals lived in the area.

d)

At one time, the area where this rock was formed was covered by water.

15.

When comparing fossil A to fossil B, which is most likely correct?

a)

Fossil A is older

b)

Fossil B is older

c)

Fossil A is large

d)

Only fossil B was an organism

16.
Which section represents the abyssal plain?
a)
Section 1
b)
Section 5
c)
Section 2
d)
Section 3
17.
Which section represents the continental shelf?
a)
Section 2
b)
Section 4
c)
Section 3
d)
Section 1
18.
Which section represents the continental slope?
a)
Section 1
b)
Section 4
c)
Section 2
d)
Section 3
19.
Which section represents the continental rise?
a)
Section 2
b)
Section 5
c)
Section 3
d)
Section 1
20.

As the depth of the ocean water increases, the temperature...

a)

increases (warmer)

b)

decreases (colder)

21.
As oceans become deeper, the water pressure ___________________.
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
22.

A mother turtle digs a nest on the shore and lays her eggs in it. The process takes takes 1-3 hours in the middle of the night, after which the mother turtle slowly drags herself back to the ocean.

a)

Coral Reef

b)

Intertidal Zone (High Tide)

c)

Intertidal Zone (Low Tide)

d)

Ocean (Aphotic Zone)

23.
This weather instrument is an...
a)
wind vane
b)
anemometer
c)
barometer
d)
thermometer
24.
This weather instrument is a...
a)
anemometer
b)
Christmas ornament
c)
wind vane
d)
barometer
25.
This weather instrument is a...
a)
anemometer
b)
barometer
c)
wind vane
d)
thermometer
26.
What is the name of this tool?
a)
Barometer
b)
Hygrometer
c)
Rain Gauge
d)
Thermometer
27.
This weather instrument is a...
a)
thermometer
b)
wind vane
c)
anemometer
d)
rain gauge
28.

__________ is an energy resource that WILL NOT run out in the next several hundred years.

a)

Renewable Energy Resource

b)

Nonrenewable Energy Resource

c)

Fossil fuels

d)

biodegradable

29.

__________ is an energy resource that WILL run out in the next several hundred years.

a)

Renewable Energy Resource

b)

Nonrenewable Energy Resource

c)

natural resources

d)

pollution

30.

When temperatures repeatedly go from hot to cold this can cause what type of geological process?

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

all of the above

31.

The process by which rocks are broken down

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

d)

Sedimentation

32.

The process in which wind, water, ice or gravity transport rock fragments from one location to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Sedimentation

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

33.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

chemical weathering

34.
Identify C
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
35.

This layer is made of melted metals such as iron and nickel.

a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
36.

Identify A

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

37.

This is the thinnest layer.

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

38.

Identify B

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

39.

This is the thickest layer made of molten rock.

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

40.

Identify D

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

41.

This is the hottest layer made of a solid metal ball.

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

42.
Which layer formed first?
a)
Rock Layer W
b)
Rock Layer X
c)
Rock Layer Y
d)
Rock Layer Z
43.

Which rock goes in the highlighted box?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

44.

Which rock goes in the highlighted box?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

45.

Which rock goes in the highlighted box?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

46.

The density of ocean water is affected by temperature and ______________.

a)

salinity

b)

warmth

47.
Which human activity contributes the MOST carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
a)
Fishing
b)
Breathing
c)
Burning Fossil Fuels
d)
Farming
48.

When ​ (a)   are picked up by runoff, the effects can be harmful because the water that living organisms depend on becomes ​ (b)   . Human activities, such as overfishing and dumping pollutants into the ocean, can have a great impact, even causing ​ (c)   of some marine life. Artificial reefs have a ​ (d)   impact on the ​ (e)   because they help create underwater ecosystems. Typically, as human populations increase, the negative effects on Earth increase.

Choose from the below words
pollutants
polluted
extinction
positive
environment
49.

Use the diagram to organize these options into the right categories.

Categorize the following

made of solid iron

made of melted metal

thinnest layer

thickest layer

B

C

D

A

Inner Core
Outer Core
Crust
Mantle
50.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Thunderstorm

Fair Weather

light rain or drizzle

approaching warm front

Cirrus Cloud
Stratus Cloud
Cumulus Cloud
Cumulonimbus Cloud
51.

Label the following planets.

a)

Jupiter

b)

Saturn

c)

Uranus

d)

Neptune

e)

Mercury

f)

Venus

g)

Earth

h)

Mars

1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
52.

Organize these options into the right categories.

Categorize the following

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Inner Planets
Outer Planets
53.

Label the following planets.

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

e)

Jupiter

f)

Neptune

g)

Uranus

h)

Saturn

1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
54.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

causes less damage to organisms and their habitat

causes more pollution

wind

hydroelectric

solar

coal

natural gas

petroleum oil

Renewable Resources
Nonrenewable Resources
55.
Low pressure is associated with ________ weather.
a)
clear skies, fair and cool
b)

rainy, cloudy, stormy

56.

High pressure is associated with ________ weather.

a)
clear skies, fair and cool
b)
warm and wet
57.

How does the depth of the ocean affect the ocean environment?

a)
The ocean gets lighters as it gets deeper.
b)
The more shallow the ocean, the darker it appears.
c)
The deeper the ocean is, the darker it gets.
d)
There is no connection between depth and light in the ocean. 
58.

Match the following:

a)
1.

Thunderstorm: Brief period of heavy rain during warm and humid weather conditions

b)
2.

Hurricane: Form over warm, tropical water and have winds equal to or greater than 74 miles per hour

c)
3.

Tornado: Form from thunderstorms as the wind changes direction and air begins to rotate

59.

Select ALL that are associated with a low pressure air mass.

a)

Cirrus Clouds

b)

Strong Winds

c)

Cumulonimbus Clouds

d)

Cumulus Clouds

60.

Match the following

a)
1.

Cumulus

b)
2.

Stratus

c)
3.

Cirrus

d)
4.

Cumulonimbus

61.

Mrs. Hartman plans to go out over the weekend in her new sailboat. First, she must know how fast the wind is blowing to see if it is appropriate to sail. What instrument should she use?

a)

thermometer

b)

wind vane

c)

anenometer

d)

rain gauge

62.

Mrs. Bengaltiger wants to make sure she dresses Baby Reginald correctly when she brings him to visit us. She needs to know the temperature outside, so she should use a ​ ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
thermometer
hygrometer
anenometer
wind vane
63.

A meteorologist observes some cumulonimbus clouds outside. He speculates that there is LOW air pressure. What instrument should he use to determine the air pressure?

a)

thermometer

b)

anenometer

c)

barometer

d)

wind vane

64.

Ryan is working on his science fair project. He plans to measure the amount of rainfall that has fallen in his neighborhood over the past two weeks. Which instrument should he use?

a)

anenometer

b)

thermometer

c)

wind vane

d)

rain gauge

65.

Match the following tool to the description

a)
1.

Wind Vane

b)
2.

Thermometer

c)
3.

Barometer

d)
4.

Anemometer

e)
5.

Rain Gauge

66.

A​ (a)   is a tool used to collect and measure precipitation as it falls to the Earth.

A​ (b)   is a tool used to show the direction of the wind.

A ​ (c)   measures how hot or cold it is outside.

A ​ (d)   measures air pressure.

A ​ (e)   measure the speed of the wind.

Choose from the below words
rain gauge
wind vane
thermometer
barometer
anemometer
67.
Earth's ________ on its axis causes day and night.
a)
rotation
b)
revolution
c)
phase
d)
comet
68.
Day and night is caused by the _____________ of earth on its axis.
a)
revolution
b)
orbit
c)
rotation
69.

Label each phase of the moon. The black shown is the dark portion of the moon.

a)
1.

last quater

b)
2.

new

c)
3.

first quarter

d)
4.

full

70.

The phases of the moon are responsible for the changes in ____________. 

a)

seasons

b)

length of daylight

c)

tidal ranges

d)

temperature

71.

The tilted ​ (a)   of the Earth and its yearly ​ (b)   around the sun causes the changing ​ (c)   in Virginia.

Choose from the below words
axis
revolution
seasons
rotation
days
72.

As the Earth revolves around the Sun, Virginia experiences ​ (a)   when the Northern Hemisphere of Earth is tilted away from the Sun. When the Northern Hemisphere of Earth is tilted towards the sun, Virginia experiences ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
Winter
Summer
Spring
Fall
73.

_____________________ happens when rocks on Earth's surface break apart or change without moving anywhere.

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Deposition

74.

_____________________ is the movement of soil and rock by wind, water, ice, and gravity.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

75.

______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

76.

The process by which rocks are broken down

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

d)

Sedimentation

77.

The process in which wind, water, ice or gravity transport rock fragments from one location to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Sedimentation

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

78.

Waves dropping sand onto land until a beach is formed is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

chemical weathering

79.
Which rock layer contains the newest fossils?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
C
80.

Low pressure is usually associated with what type of weather

a)

clear, fair

b)

cloudy, rainy

c)

bright blue skies

d)

sunshine

81.
Which most likely produces clear, cool weather?
a)
zero air pressure
b)
stable air pressure
c)
a low pressure system
d)
a high pressure system
82.

Which term best describes the average of atmospheric conditions over many years?

a)

climate

b)

weather

c)

temperature

d)

forecast

83.

Which term below describes the daily atmospheric conditions of an area?

a)

climate

b)

temperature

c)

weather

d)

none of the above

84.

Match the following:

a)

Low Pressure

1.

rainy weather

b)

High Pressure

2.

sunny weather

c)

Cold Front

3.

cooler weather

d)

Warm Front

4.

warmer weather

85.
Question Image

Match the following:

a)

continental shelf

1.

where most plant and animal life are found

b)

continental rise

2.

where sediment is piled up in mounds

c)

trench

3.

the deepest part of the ocean

d)

continental slope

4.

between the shelf and the rise

86.

The number 3 on this diagram represents the-

a)

continental shelf

b)

ocean trench

c)

continental slope

d)

abyssal plain

87.

The number 2 on this diagram represents the-

a)

continental shelf

b)

ocean trench

c)

continental slope

d)

abyssal plain

88.

The number 1 on this diagram represents the-

a)

continental shelf

b)

ocean trench

c)

continental slope

d)

abyssal plain

89.

The number 4 on this diagram represents the-

a)

continental rise

b)

ocean trench

c)

continental slope

d)

abyssal plain

90.

A student wanted to use a basketball to model the day-and-night cycle on Earth.

What should the student do to best model the day-and-night cycle?

a)

tilt the ball while it's spinning

b)

spin the ball in different directions

c)

shine a flashlight on one side of the ball

d)

paint one side of the ball black

91.

Which instrument does a meteorologist use to measure wind speed?

a)
b)
c)
d)
92.

You are using a soccer ball, a marble, and a ping pong ball to model Earth, the moon, and the sun. Which item should you use for the moon, Earth, and the sun?

a)

    moon=marble; Earth=ping pong ball; sun=soccer ball

b)

  moon=ping pong ball; Earth=soccer ball; sun=marble

c)

   moon=marble; Earth=soccer ball; sun=ping pong ball

d)

  moon=soccer ball; Earth=ping pong ball; sun=marble

93.
A boundary between two different air masses that often brings big changes in the weather is called a -
a)
Back
b)
Storm
c)
Front
d)
Line
94.
Which type of front is a warm air mass that pushes out a cold air mass bringing rain and warm weather?
a)
Cold Front
b)
Warm Front
95.

What is the name of the layer of the ocean that has the most life?

a)

Midnight (bathypelagic)

b)

Twilight (mesopelagic)

c)

Sunlight (epipelagic zone)

d)

Abyss (abyssopelagic)

96.

As oceans become deeper, the water pressure ___________________.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

97.

Sunlight allows ________________ to occur in the sunlight zone.

a)

bioluminesence

b)

transpiration

c)

photosynthesis

d)

voting

98.

Aly created a model to show the motion of the moon, the sun, and the Earth. She used colored circles and painted black lines and arrows to show rotation and revolution of these objects. The diagram of her model is below.

a)

Object B is the moon. It rotates around object A - The Earth

b)

Object B is Earth. It revolves around object C - the moon.

c)

Object C is the moon. It revolves around object B - The Earth

d)

Object A is the sun. It revolves around itself.

99.

Select the words that make the statement below true.

Because of the Earth ___ around the sun and the Earth is ___, there are ___.

a)

revolves

round

moon phase

b)

revolves

tilted

seasons

c)

rotates

round

moon phases

d)

rotates

tilted

seasons

100.

Earth has day and night that repeat every 24 hours. On the model below, a flashlight represents the sun, and the direction of Earth's rotation is shown by the arrow. Which model correctly shows how the rotation of the Earth causes day and night?

a)

b)

c)

d)

101.

Which model correctly shows how the moon revolves?

a)

b)

c)

d)

102.

Why does the winter occur on the North American continent in December?

a)

The sun is tilted away from the Earth.

b)

The North American continent is tilted away from the sun.

c)

The Earth moves closer to the sun.

d)

The North American continent is titled towards the sun.

103.

The mass of the Moon is only 1/20 of the mass of Earth. If a soccer ball is being used as Earth, which of the following should be used to represent the Moon?

a)

Soccer ball (260 grams)

b)

Football (450 grams)

c)

Tennis ball (60 grams)

d)

Paintball (10 grams)

104.

Which of the following words would best describe the moon's movement around the Earth?

a)

The moon revolves.

b)

The moon rotates.

c)

The moon eclipses.

d)

The moon tilts.

105.
What type of tide will occur at 9:30 a.m.?
a)
low 
b)
high 
c)
none
d)
high and low
106.
What front does this symbol represent?
a)
warm front
b)
cold front
c)
stationary front
d)
occluded front
107.

Which part of Earth is experiencing night?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

108.

Fossils are often found in this rock.

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

109.

Use the Rock Dichotomous Key to classify this rock.

1. What is the overall color of the rock?

a. Rock is black in color ...................................................Go to step 2

b. Rock is not black .........................................................Go to step 3

2. Is the rock glassy or not?

a. Rock is smooth and glassy ...........................................Obsidian (Igneous)

b. Rock is not glassy ........................................................Go to step 4

3. Inspect the rock carefully without the hand lens. Are there large holes or pores?

a. Rock has visible holes or pores ....................................Go to step 5

b. Rock has small or unseen pores ...................................Go to step 6

4. Does the rock show layering or is it more blocky?

a. Rock is layered ............................................................Shale (Sedimentary)

b. Rock is not layered it is more blocky .............................Coal (Sedimentary)

a)

Coal

b)

Shale

c)

Obsidian

110.
Which watershed is the Potomac River a part of?
a)
North Carolina Sound
b)
Cheasapeake Bay
c)
Gulf of Mexico
d)
Bay of Pigs
111.

Students made a classroom barometer that can be used to measure -

a)

wind direction

b)

temperature

c)

air pressure

d)

precipitation

112.

Coal is important for Virginia because it -

a)

can be used for energy

b)

can be divided into four types

c)

is found in many areas of the country

d)

is formed from plant and animal remains

113.

A model of a plate boundary is shown. What most likely happens as the plates slide past each other?

a)

A mountain forms.

b)

An earthquake occurs.

c)

The ocean floor widens.

d)

Magma comes to the surface.

114.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
subducting
115.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
strike slip
116.

Which action can be used to prevent soil erosion?

a)

planting grass

b)

raising grazing animals

c)

digging ditches

d)

spraying with water

117.

Sarah wants to know if today would be a good day to fly a kite. What weather tool could Sarah use?

a)

wind vane

b)

barometer

c)

anemometer

d)

rain guage

118.

・This rocky planet is the closest planet to the sun.

・It is the smallest planet in our solar system.

・It has no moons.

a)

Earth

b)

Mercury

c)

Saturn

d)

Pluto

119.

・This gas giant is the 6th planet from the sun.

・It is famous for its rings.

・It has at least 53 moons.

a)

Mercury

b)

Jupiter

c)

Saturn

d)

Venus

120.

・This rocky planet is the 2nd planet from the sun.

・It has no moons.

・It is the hottest planet.

・It is similar in size to Earth.

a)

Venus

b)

Mars

c)

Earth

d)

Mercury

121.

・This rocky planet is the 4th planet from the sun.

・It has 2 moons.

・It is known as the “Red Planet.”

a)

Moon

b)

Mercury

c)

Venus

d)

Mars

122.

・This gas giant is the farthest from the sun.

・It has 13 moons.

・It is known as the windiest planet.

a)

Tatooine

b)

Pluto

c)

Neptune

d)

Mars

123.

・This gas giant is the 5th planet from the sun.

・It is the largest planet in our solar system.

・It is known for its red spot.

・It has 62 moons.

a)

Jupiter

b)

Mars

c)

Venus

d)

Neptune

124.

・This gas giant is the 7th planet from the sun.

・It is the 3rd largest planet.

・It is tilted on its side.

a)

Saturn

b)

Jupiter

c)

Mars

d)

Uranus

125.

・This rocky planet is the 3rd planet from the sun.

・It has 1 moon.

・It has water and an atmosphere.

a)

Sun

b)

Earth

c)

Mercury

d)

Mars

126.
a)

convergent

b)

transform

c)

divergent

127.
a)

convergent

b)

transform

c)

divergent

128.
a)

convergent

b)

transform

c)

divergent

129.

Where coral and fish live

a)

Midnight Zone

b)

Twilight Zone

c)

Ocean floor

d)

Sunlight Zone

130.

Why does the octopus shoot black ink into the water?

a)

to catch food

b)

to hide and escape from danger

c)

to help it swim

d)

to find a mate

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