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Principles of Nature Final Review 2024

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

"All things come from water"

a)

Thales

b)

Anaximander

c)

Anaximenes

d)

Anaxagorus

e)

Empedocles

2.

First element is infinite

a)

Anaximander

b)

Anaximenes

c)

Anaxagorus

d)

Empedocles

e)

Parmenides

3.

First element is air

a)

Anaximander

b)

Anaximenes

c)

Anaxagorus

d)

Empedocles

e)

Parmenides

4.

All things are in everything as "seeds"

a)

Anaximander

b)

Anaximenes

c)

Anaxagorus

d)

Empedocles

e)

Parmenides

5.

Nous set everything in motion

a)

Anaximander

b)

Anaximenes

c)

Anaxagorus

d)

Empedocles

e)

Parmenides

6.

Four "roots" - water, air earth fire

a)

Anaxagorus

b)

Anaximenes

c)

Empedocles

d)

Parmenides

e)

Thales

7.

Love brings elements together, strife drives them apart

a)

Anaximenes

b)

Anaxagorus

c)

Empedocles

d)

Parmenides

e)

Anaximander

8.

knowledge about the natural world gained through experiment

a)

Modern Natural Science

b)

Natural Philosophy

9.

Ex. Claiming that elements are necessary and try to define "element"

a)

General vs. Particular

b)

Universal vs. Confined Experience

c)

Self Evident vs. Hypothesis

10.

Ex. Experiencing earthquakes rather than explaining what motion is

a)

General vs. Particular

b)

Universal vs. Confined Experience

c)

Self-Evident vs. Hypothesis

11.

Ex. Scientists claim that rock samples have been found on Mars, some of which are half their own size.

a)

General vs. Particular

b)

Universal vs. Confined Experience

c)

Self-Evident vs. Hypothesis

12.

First metaphysician (study of ultimate reality, or being)

a)

Parmenides

b)

Empedocles

c)

Epicurus

d)

Lucretius

13.

Being and thought are the same, there is no such thing as nothing

a)

Parmenides

b)

Empedocles

c)

Epicurus

d)

Lucretius

14.

Being is uncreated, indestructible, unchangable, eternal, indivisible

a)

Parmenidies

b)

Empedocles

c)

Epicurus

d)

Lucretius

15.

"Being exists no more than non-being"

a)

Parmenides

b)

Epicurus

c)

Lucretius

d)

Democritus

16.

nothing must exist (the void)

a)

Parmenides

b)

Epicurus

c)

Lucretius

d)

Democritus

17.

one term, one meaning (laptop)

a)

Univocal

b)

Equivocal

c)

Analogical

18.

one term, two completely different meanings (man)

a)

Univocal

b)

Equivocal

c)

Analogical

19.

one term, meanings partly the same but party different (wipe)

a)

Univocal

b)

Equivocal

c)

Analogical

20.

all [s] is [p]

a)

Universal affirmative (A)

b)

Universal negative (E)

c)

Particular affirmative (I)

d)

Particular negative (O)

21.

no [s] is [p]

a)

Universal affirmative (A)

b)

Universal negative (E)

c)

Particular affirmative (I)

d)

Particular negative (O)

22.

some [s] is [p]

a)

Universal affirmative (A)

b)

Universal negative (E)

c)

Particular affirmative (I)

d)

Particular negative (O)

23.

some [s] is not [p]

a)

Universal affirmative (A)

b)

Universal negative (E)

c)

Particular affirmative (I)

d)

Particular negative (O)

24.

between universal propositions

a)

Contrary opposition

b)

Contradictory opposition

25.

between a universal and particular

a)

Contrary opposition

b)

Contradictory opposition

26.

agree in quantity, disagree in quality

a)

Contrary opposition

b)

Contradictory opposition

27.

disagree in quantity and quality

a)

Contrary opposition

b)

Contradictory opposition

28.

One must be true, the other false; Cannot both be true, cannot both be false

a)

Contrary opposition

b)

Contradictory opposition

29.

the search for the principles of natural things

a)

Modern Natural Science

b)

Natural Philosophy

30.

Premise indicators

a)

since, for, because

b)

it follows that, then, therefore

31.

Conclusion indicators

a)

since, for, because

b)

it follows that, then, therefore

32.

Valid and has true premises

a)

Sound

b)

Valid

c)

True

33.

the 'if' clause; does not need to come first

a)

Antecedent

b)

Consequent

34.

the result clause; does not need 'then'

a)

Antecedent

b)

Consequent

35.

P --> Q

P

∴ Q

a)

Affirming the antecedent

(VALID)

b)

Denying the antecedent

(INVALID)

c)

Affirming the consequent

(INVALID)

d)

Denying the consequent

(VALID)

36.

P --> Q

~ P

∴ ~ Q

a)

Affirming the antecedent

(VALID)

b)

Denying the antecedent

(INVALID)

c)

Affirming the consequent

(INVALID)

d)

Denying the consequent

(VALID)

37.

P --> Q

Q

∴ P

a)

Affirming the antecedent

(VALID)

b)

Denying the antecedent

(INVALID)

c)

Affirming the consequent

(INVALID)

d)

Denying the consequent

(VALID)

38.

P --> Q

~ Q

∴ ~ P

a)

Affirming the antecedent

(VALID)

b)

Denying the antecedent

(INVALID)

c)

Affirming the consequent

(INVALID)

d)

Denying the consequent

(VALID)

39.

modes ponens

a)

Affirming the antecedent

(VALID)

b)

Denying the antecedent

(INVALID)

c)

Affirming the consequent

(INVALID)

d)

Denying the consequent

(VALID)

40.

modus tollens

a)

Affirming the antecedent

(VALID)

b)

Denying the antecedent

(INVALID)

c)

Affirming the consequent

(INVALID)

d)

Denying the consequent

(VALID)

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