The idea that the government should have certain restrictions in order to protect the individual rights and civil liberties of citizens; a government only has the power that’s been given to it.

The idea that those who govern must follow the laws; no one is above the law.

The right of people accused of crimes to have laws that treat them fairly, so that they cannot lose their life or freedom without having their legal rights protected.

The powers specifically given to the federal government, also known as delegated powers; they may not be used by state governments

Powers shared by the national, state, and/or local government

The national level of government; the government of the United States

Powers that are not granted to the federal government that belong to (are reserved for) the states and the people.

The power of a court to be the first to hear a case on a specific topic

The power to hear appeals of cases that have been tried in lower courts

A decision by an executive authority such as a president or governor to reject a law

passed by the legislative branch

People appointed by the president to head executive departments of government

and act as official advisers to the president

An implied agreement among the people of an organized society that defines the rights, duties, and limitations of the governed and the government

A principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches

The structure of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their own distinct powers and responsibilities

Which Enlightenment thinker argued that all people were born equal and had natural rights to life, liberty, and property?