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ULTIMATE HISTORY REGENTS PREP

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 2hrs 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
In the 16th and 17th centuries, the heliocentric theory became the centerpiece for debate between
a)
capitalism and communism
b)
science and religion
c)
colonialism and nationalism
d)
isolationism and globalism
2.
Galileo Galileo and Sir Issac Newton are most closely associated with
a)
initiating religious reforms
b)
leading political revolutions
c)
conducting investigative experiments
d)
engaging in foreign conquests
3.
Which statement about the Scientific Revolution in Europe is accurate?
a)
The existence of natural laws was rejected
b)
Scientists questioned traditional beliefs about the universe
c)
New ideas supported the geocentric theory of Ptolemy
d)
The bible was used to justify new scientific findings
4.
Which idea is central to John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government?
a)
A government’s power comes from the consent of the people.
b)
 Predestination will determine who will go to heaven.
c)
Famine, disease, and conflict are natural checks on population growth.
d)
The have-nots will rise up and overthrow the government of the haves.
5.
The idea that all people are born with the natural rights of life, liberty, and property is most directly associated with the writings of
a)
Baron de Montesquieu
b)
Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet
c)
Thomas Hobbes
d)
John Locke
6.
One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment are similar is that both
a)
led to increased power for royal families in Europe
b)
sought to reconcile Christian beliefs and science
c)
questioned traditional values and past practices  
d)
promoted nationalistic revolutions in eastern Europe
7.
Enlightenment thinkers encouraged the improvement of society through the
a)
teachings of the church
b)
use of reason
c)
development of absolutism
d)
establishment of a rigid social class structure
8.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Locke both agreed that a government should be based on the 
a)
separation of nationalities 
b)
religious values of the people
c)
equal distribution of wealth
d)
consent of the governed
9.
In which way did the ideas of the Enlightenment influence the French Revolution?
a)
Superstition and ignorance were promoted.
b)
 The principles of mercantilism were glorified.
c)
The divine right theory of kings was challenged.
d)
Punishments for criminal acts were rooted in vengeance.
10.
Why is the Enlightenment considered a turning point in world history?
a)
The factory system was used to mass-produce goods.
b)
Martin Luther broke away from the Roman Catholic Church.
c)
Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government.
d)
The Columbian exchange occurred.
11.
Under the Old Regime in France, the burden of taxation fell mostly on the
a)
monarchy
b)
clergy
c)
nobles 
d)
commoners
12.
In the late 1700s, which situation in France is considered a cause of the other three?
a)
meeting of the Estates General
b)
 unfair policies of taxation
c)
execution of the king
d)
storming of the Bastille
13.
… We must ask ourselves three questions. 1. What is the Third Estate? Everything. 2. What has it been until now in the political order? Nothing. 3. What does it want to be? Something. …Based on this passage, what did the Third Estate want?
a)
independence from France
b)
more influence in the political system
c)
removal of the monarchy
d)
freedom of religion in France
14.
Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins are best known for
a)
instituting the Reign of Terror
b)
protecting freedom of religion 
c)
supporting the reign of King Louis XCI
d)
sending French troops to fight in the American Revolution
15.
Which statement best describes a consequence of Napoleon’s failure to understand Russian geography?
a)
Rough waters in the Baltic Sea destroyed his fleet.
b)
 A harsh winter cut off his army from needed supplies.
c)
His armies could not cross the high Ural Mountains.
d)
A long period of high temperatures and lack of water overcame his troops.
16.
Which statement about the French and Latin American revolutions is accurate?
a)
People in both regions were fighting for freedom from England.
b)
Strong French monarchs led revolutions in Latin America
c)
Revolutions in both regions were based on the idea of natural rights.
d)
The French Revolution was modeled after revolutions in Latin America
17.
The social class system in Latin America during the 16th and 17th centuries reflects the
a)
dominance of Spanish-born nobility
b)
emerging equality between classes
c)
 influence of mestizo economic power
d)
increasing social mobility of Native American Indians
18.
One way in which Toussaint L’Ouverture, Simón Bolívar, and José de San Martín are similar is that they all were 
a)
supporters of mercantile policies
b)
leaders of independence movements
c)
democratically elected leaders
d)
industrial labor reformers
19.
The unification of Italy and the unification of Germany show that
a)
socialism was an effective way of organizing the economy
b)
nationalism could be used to consolidate political interests
c)
colonialism could be used to spread European civilization
d)
interdependence was a significant obstacle to waging war
20.
• Bismarck uses “blood and iron” to unify Germany (1864–1870).
• Theodor Herzl organizes Zionist efforts (1897).
Which concept is most closely associated with these movements?
a)
assimilation
b)
modernization
c)
conservatism
d)
nationalism
21.
• Appointment of Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor
• Austro-Prussian War, 1866
• Franco-Prussian War, 1870–1871
These events led directly to
a)
the unification of Germany
b)
foreign rule in Italy
c)
the rebellion of the Sepoys
d)
 an alliance between Serbs and Russians
22.
The slogan "Blood and Iron" and a united Germany are most closely associated with
a)
Prince Metternich
b)
Simon Bolivar
c)
Camillo Cavour
d)
Otto von Bismarck
23.
Which geographic feature aided industrialization in Great Britain?
a)
good harbors
b)
large forests 
c)
monsoon winds
d)
highland climate
24.
During the Industrial Revolution, which development resulted from the other three?
a)
Factory conditions affected people's health
b)
Labor unions were formed
c)
Unskilled laborers received low wages
d)
Machinery replaced workers
25.
Which social change occurred during the Industrial Revolution? 
a)
growth of the working class
b)
development of the extended family
c)
expansion of privileges for the landed nobility
d)
increased status for religious leaders
26.
Which pair of natural resources were used to change transportation and manufacturing in Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution?
a)
gold and salt
b)
diamonds and petroleum
c)
copper and tin
d)
coal and iron ore
27.
Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations stressed the importance of
a)
tradition
b)
supply and demand
c)
large corporations 
d)
government ownership
28.
Adam Smith’s laissez-faire theories are most closely associated with
a)
the separation of church and state
b)
minimal government regulation of the economy
c)
a command economy
d)
high tariffs to protect domestic businesses
29.
Capitalism is to private ownership as communism is to
a)
supply and demand
b)
state control
c)
self-determination
d)
laissez-faire
30.
The belief that workers of the world unite to overthrow their oppressors is central to
a)
Social Darwinism
b)
Marxism
c)
conservatism
d)
laissez-faire capitalism
31.
Which statement best describes an aspect of a command economy?
a)
Profit motivates individuals to set up private businesses.
b)
 Tradition, religion, and customs heavily influence economic decisions.
c)
Supply and demand regulate the economy.
d)
Government directs and controls the means of production.
32.
What was a major reason European nations competed for control of Africa during the second half of the 1800s?
a)
Africa had a wealth of natural resources
b)
Slave labor was needed in the Americas
c)
African nations offered religious and political freedoms
d)
Europeans needed land for their excess population
33.
The Berlin Conference is most closely associated with the colonialization of
a)
South Asia
b)
East Asia
c)
Africa
d)
Latin America
34.
Which idea is most closely associated with the economic concept of mercantilism?
a)
Colonies exist to provide raw materials and markets for a colonial power.
b)
Wealth and power are based on land exchanged between nobles.
c)
Goods and services are traded without government interference.
d)
Property is owned collectively and administered by the state.
35.
The 19th-century ideas of Social Darwinism and the “White Man’s Burden” were often used to justify
a)
isolationism
b)
imperialism
c)
appeasement
d)
disarmament
36.
What was one reason the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain?
a)
The government of Great Britain implemented a series of five-year plans.
b)
Great Britain had alliances with most European countries.
c)
Abundant natural resources were available in Great Britain.
d)
The practice of serfdom in Great Britain provided an abundance of laborers.
37.
Which cultures fought with the Zulus in the 19th century over the control of land in South Africa?
a)
German and French
b)
Indian and Belgian
c)
 British and Boer
d)
 Ethiopian and Italian
38.
One major reason European countries engaged in imperialism in the late 19th century was to
a)
gain a better understanding of unknown territories
b)
ease tensions with their rivals
c)
develop treatments for diseases
d)
obtain markets for their manufactured goods
39.
Which of these developments in Africa was a cause of the other three?
a)
Rival tribal groups fought wars
b)
The Berlin Conference of 1884 influenced colonial boundaries
c)
African economies became dependent on the sale of cash crops and raw materials.
d)
Traditional territories and culture groups were permanently fragmented.
40.
What was the main reason refugees fled Rwanda in the 1990s?
a)
expansion of the Sahel
b)
devastation from an earthquake
c)
Cold War tensions
d)
ethnic conflict
41.
The organization of campaigns in South Africa against the policy of racial separation and segregation are most closely associated with
a)
Jomo Kenyatta
b)
Cecil Rhodes
c)
Nelson Mandela
d)
Kwame Nkrumah
42.
FW de Klerk and Nelson Mandela received the Nobel Peace Prize for their work to end the 
a)
foreign control of the diamond mines
b)
discriminatory policy of apartheid
c)
anarchy in Somalia
d)
Boer War
43.
The Chinese belief that China was the Middle Kingdom is an example of
a)
 extraterritoriality
b)
ethnocentrism
c)
 filial piety
d)
the Mandate of Heaven
44.
During the late 19th century, Japan's lack of natural resources was one reason for implementing a policy of
a)
collectivization
b)
free trade 
c)
socialism
d)
imperialism
45.
The terms of the Treaty of Nanjing and of the Treaty of Kanagawa demonstrate the
a)
unequal relationships that characterized imperialism 
b)
importance of technology in developing economies
c)
humanitarian ideals that accompanied missionary activity
d)
changing roles of men and women associated with modernization
46.
Which action did Japan take during the Meiji Restoration?
a)
established a social system to benefit the samurai
b)
sent experts to learn from modern Western nations
c)
allowed communist ideas to dominate its government
d)
started an ambitious program to expel foreign manufacturers 
47.
What is one reason for Japan's involvement in the first Sino-Japanese War and the annexation of Korea?
a)
pursuit of imperialistic goals
b)
reaction to foreign invasions
c)
institution of five year plans
d)
need for a warm water port
48.
One similiarity between the Boxer Rebellion in China and the Sepoy Rebellion in India is that both were
a)
religious reform movements
b)
reactions to the opium trade
c)
attempts to end foreign interference
d)
successful revolts against absolute monarchs
49.
• Japan fights China. (1894)
• Japan defeats Russia. (1905)
• Japan annexes Korea. (1910)
These events reflect the growing power of Japan and its desire to
a)
spread Shinto
b)
obtain natural resources
c)
suppress the Boxer Rebellion
d)
acquire warm-water ports
50.
Which phrase best illustrates the theory of laissez-faire capitalism?
a)
businesses operating with little government regulation
b)
the state establishing production quotas
c)
central planning committees setting prices on goods
d)
decisions related to distribution being based on community traditions
51.

What is a valid conclusion based on the information shown on this map?

a)

Russia had the largest number of trading stations in Asia.

b)

Most European trading stations and empires were located along the coast.

c)

France controlled more ports in India than Britain did.

d)

Each European power represented had possessions in the East Indies.

52.

Which Europeans controlled the waterways connecting the Indian Ocean to the Pacifi c Ocean?

a)

Spanish

b)

Portuguese

c)

Dutch

d)

French

53.

In this letter, Simón Bolívar’s goal is to

a)

become monarch of the strongest country in South America

b)

break off diplomatic relations with Europe

c)

form one nation that unifies all of South America

d)

convince Mexico to join in his fi ght against Spain

54.

Simón Bolívar’s actions were most likely influenced by the ideas of

a)

church officials

b)

Enlightenment Thinkers

c)

laissez-faire economists

d)

Marxist followers

55.

This illustration and excerpt depict events from which time and place in history?

a)

Revolutionary France

b)

Victorian England

c)

Meiji Japan

d)

Soviet Russia

56.

Which characteristic of the Industrial Revolution most directly contributed to the health concern highlighted in this illustration and excerpt?

a)

urban population growth

b)

improved communication

c)

new power sources

d)

trade union movement

57.

Which action effectively addressed the specifi c public health concern raised in this illustration and excerpt?

a)

installation of electric lighting in poor neighborhoods

b)

burning herbs to purify the air

c)

improvements in water treatment

d)

relocation of government offices

58.

What was a result of the political situation shown on this map?

a)

Most local rulers had power equal to that of European leaders.

b)

The economic prosperity of the African nationalist leaders increased their power.

c)

African leaders willingly adopted European forms of governance including constitutions

d)

The boundaries that were established led to the division of traditional cultures and commerce.

59.

Which African state organized the most successful resistance movement to the European actions shown on this map?

a)

Nigeria

b)

Algeria

c)

Ethiopia

d)

Libya

60.

This poem describes events related to which international conflict?

a)

World War I

b)

World War II

c)

Korean War

d)

Vietnam War

61.

Which claim about modern warfare is best supported by this poem?

a)

Soldiers were not as brave as in the past.

b)

Technology made combat more deadly.

c)

Religion became more central to longstanding conflicts.

d)

Scientific research did not supply battle-ready innovations.

62.

The actions taken by Gandhi and his followers, as described in this excerpt, are examples of

a)

political espionage

b)

economic terrorism

c)

collective bargaining

d)

nonviolent resistance

63.

Which statement best summarizes the effects actions like those expressed in this excerpt had on India?

a)

International support for British colonial rule in India grew.

b)

The call for Indian self-government was abandoned.

c)

Separatist movements in India ended the fear of oppression.

d)

British control of India gradually weakened and ended.

64.

What would be the best use for this pair of maps?

a)

to explain why European powers used the mandate system

b)

to examine the relationship between fresh water and Arab settlement patterns

c)

to understand a reason used to establish boundaries for partition

d)

to illustrate the advantages Palestinian Arabs have over Arabs living in Egypt

65.

Which situation was a contributing factor in the decision to partition British Palestine as shown on the 1947 map?

a)

mass migrations following the Holocaust

b)

decolonization from French rule

c)

capture of the Suez Canal

d)

formation of the Warsaw Pact

66.

Which historical development led Nehru to promote the policy of unaligned areas?

a)

expansion of Cold War blocs

b)

political pressure from his Parliament to pursue isolationism

c)

partitioning of India and Pakistan at independence

d)

internal friction between various Indian ethnic groups

67.

Which countries would be most likely to agree to adopt the policy Nehru is discussing?

a)

democracies in Western Europe

b)

communist nations in Asia

c)

newly independent Asian and African nations

d)

satellite countries in Central and Eastern Europe

68.

Which political leader other than Mao Zedong utilized this type of poster?

a)

Otto Von Bismarck

b)

Emperor Meiji

c)

Joseph Stalin

d)

Nelson Mandela

69.

The design and use of this poster suggests its purpose was to

a)

advertise advancements in Chinese healthcare

b)

build support for China’s leader among the people

c)

warn the Chinese people about the dangers of capitalism

d)

improve the literacy rates of children and adults throughout China

70.

Which historical development is most closely associated with this poster?

a)

establishment of special economic zones

b)

efforts to confront the opium crisis

c)

nationalist rebellions against Qing rule

d)

the Cultural Revolution

71.

According to this article by Roff Smith, the goal of Atatürk’s reforms was to

a)

prevent the elimination of the civil service system

b)

implement a legal system based on religious teachings

c)

revive Turkey’s interest in Ottoman-era customs

d)

modernize Turkey in the image of European nations

72.

The phrases “deeply conservative population,” “lengthy sentences of imprisonment,” and “a few hangings” suggest that

a)

Atatürk’s reforms were eagerly embraced throughout Turkey

b)

tensions existed between reformers and traditionalists in Turkey

c)

the policy of westernization was abandoned by the Turkish government

d)

most Turks preferred punishment to rapid change

73.

The situation described in this passage was part of which historical development?

a)

decolonization in Africa

b)

growth of nationalism in Southeast Asia

c)

regional conflicts during the Cold War

d)

rise of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in the Middle East

74.

Which major political event was partially caused by the Soviet war in Afghanistan?

a)

Soviet occupation of Hungary

b)

building of the Berlin Wall

c)

placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba

d)

collapse of the Soviet Union

75.

According to Thomas Friedman, why is it surprising that Mexico is being replaced by China as the number two exporter to the United States?

a)

Mexico is geographically close to the United States.

b)

China’s relationship with the United States has been damaged.

c)

Mexico has the world’s strongest economy.

d)

China’s industry lacks low-cost manufacturing ability.

76.

In the quotation “First we were afraid of the wolf, then we wanted to dance with the wolf, and now we want to be the wolf,” what does the “wolf” symbolize?

a)

an economic powerhouse

b)

an exporting country

c)

a valuable trade item

d)

a low-cost manufacturer

77.

Which issue is most closely associated with the concerns raised in this passage?

a)

drought

b)

climate change

c)

migration

d)

widespread famine

78.

In which way have many countries joined together to address the problems described in this passage?

a)

signing international environmental agreements

b)

supporting the exportation of surplus corn and soy

c)

genetically modifying crops to increase production

d)

increasing the amount of land under cultivation

79.

Based on this passage, one way the castle at Edo and the palace at Versailles are similar is that both

a)

became symbols of power and wealth

b)

developed into monastic centers of learning

c)

were meant to provide protection and prevent attacks

d)

served as monuments to the military

80.

Which claim can best be supported by this passage?

a)

The more independent the nobles were the higher their status.

b)

Nobles maintained their authority by remaining isolated.

c)

Rulers controlled their nobles by influencing where they lived.

d)

Spending time in segregated sectors guaranteed nobles the support of their ruler.

81.

Which political philosophy is best supported by both documents?

a)

Rule of law represents a social contract with the people.

b)

Tyranny encourages liberty and security.

c)

Separation of powers guarantees people fair treatment.

d)

Oppression promotes the general will.

82.

Which event most directly influenced the writing of both documents?

a)

Iranian Revolution

b)

French Revolution

c)

Russian Revolution

d)

Cuban Revolution

83.

What is the most likely purpose of this document?

a)

to highlight the benefits of free market

b)

to record the negative effects of child labor

c)

to minimize the impacts of agricultural innovations

d)

to inspire social and political reform

84.

The conditions described in this passage directly resulted in

a)

Ireland invading Britain

b)

millions of Irish emigrating to the United States

c)

most landlords forgiving the rent the Irish owed

d)

Britain agreeing to withdraw from Ireland

85.

A historian could best use this passage to study which topic of World War I?

a)

events that started the war

b)

impact of combat on civilians

c)

equipment utilized by soldiers

d)

propaganda that supported the war effort

86.

Which claim can best be supported by this passage?

a)

New technology made warfare more destructive.

b)

Warfare had a limited impact on the environment

c)

Countries engaged in war were punished for their actions

d)

Illness and disease took many lives.

87.

Which point of view is expressed in this illustration?

a)

The Russian Orthodox Church caused the fall of the Romanov dynasty.

b)

The Russian government encouraged a diversity of opinions.

c)

The Romanovs suppressed Enlightenment ideas within their empire.

d)

The Russian Revolution made conditions worse for most minorities.

88.

Which long-term historical circumstance about Russia is shown in this illustration?

a)

appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobles

b)

autocratic rule of Russian royalty

c)

rejection of the Pan-Slavism movement

d)

support of the Russian Orthodox Church for democratic ideals

89.

Which foreign policy action best explains the United States response to Cold War situations?

a)

repeated reliance on appeasement

b)

consistent attempts to bring about détente

c)

a continuing pursuit of nonalignment

d)

a long-term commitment to containment

90.

Which claim best supports the pattern of interaction between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1948 and 1979?

a)

Conflict occurred when one side tried to expand its sphere of influence into another country or region.

b)

Disagreements between the United States and the Soviet Union were quickly resolved without the deployment of the military

c)

Leaders of other countries encouraged conflict between the superpowers.

d)

Peace and stability were created around the world as a result of the alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union

91.

Which document would best provide information about the impact these events had on regions other than the United States and the Soviet Union?

a)

Russian textbook published in 2015

b)

television interview with President John F. Kennedy

c)

memoirs of people living in East Germany, Cuba, and Afghanistan

d)

line graph of the Soviet Union’s gross domestic product between 1948 and 1968

92.

The actions taken by Gandhi reflect his commitment to which policy?

a)

collectivization

b)

religious intolerance

c)

civil disobedience

d)

censorship

93.

The actions of Gandhi and his supporters, as described in this passage, helped lead to the

a)

banning of Western books and music

b)

removal of British control from the subcontinent

c)

development of an economic alliance for South Asian nations

d)

peaceful partitioning of British India into India and Pakistan

94.

Based on this passage, what does Mao believe about war from the communist perspective?

a)

Wars are inevitable regardless of the society.

b)

Wars can be just or unjust depending on their purpose.

c)

Wars have a purpose in all societies because of a constant need for change.

d)

Wars should be permitted when a government needs to obstruct progress.

95.

Based on this passage, what does Mao believe about World War I?

a)

The philosophical beliefs of the competing countries challenged traditional ideals.

b)

The potential political gains of European nations benefited China.

c)

The countries in the war were involved for their individual economic benefits.

d)

The possible military losses made it too risky for the Communist Party to intervene.

96.

The tensions between North Korea and South Korea described in this passage began over

a)

boundaries drawn during the Cold War

b)

ethnic conflict on the Korean peninsula

c)

trade disputes centered on fishing rights in the Yellow Sea

d)

China’s purchase of submarine technology from North Korea

97.

Based on this passage, in which way is the situation in the Korean peninsula comparable to the history of South Asia since World War II?

a)

Peaceful protests led colonial powers to surrender their control of the region

b)

Increased prosperity has accompanied a shift from totalitarian to democratic rule.

c)

Regional conflicts have contributed to the proliferation of nuclear weapons.

d)

Technological progress reduced tension and led to improved trade relationships.

98.

Which claim is best supported in this passage?

a)

An arms race will help defuse tensions on the Korean peninsula.

b)

Economic cooperation between the two Koreas would spread democracy to the North.

c)

An invasion by the United States could remove Kim Jong Un from power with few casualties.

d)

North Korea’s successful military tests have increased the likelihood of war.

99.

This cartoonist is comparing Vladimir Putin to

a)

Czar Nicholas II

b)

Joseph Stalin

c)

Mikhail Gorbachev

d)

Boris Yeltsin

100.

Which earlier historical development best refl ects Putin’s strategy for rebuilding Russia’s prestige in the world?

a)

granting of independence to former Soviet republics

b)

removal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan

c)

lifting of the Berlin blockade

d)

installation of communist regimes throughout Europe

101.

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.

a)

Imperialism

b)

Isolationism

c)

Meiji Restoration

d)

Industrial Revolution

102.

The power struggle between the Soviet Union and the United States after World War II

a)

Russian Revolution

b)

French Revolution

c)

World War II

d)

Cold War

103.

A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason as the method to solve political and social problems.

a)

Scientific Revolution

b)

French Revolution

c)

Enlightenment

d)

Industrial Revolution

104.

Hands off approach to government; the government should not interfere in the economy

a)

Laissez-faire economics

b)

Communism

c)

Socialism

d)

Traditional economy

105.

The modernization, westernization and industrialization of Japan in the 1800's

a)

Russo-Japanese War

b)

World War II

c)

Meiji Restoration

d)

SEATO

106.

South African policy of racial segregation involving political and economic discrimination against non-whites.

a)

Imperialism

b)

Nationalism

c)

Nuremburg Laws

d)

Apartheid

107.

a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

a)

Communism

b)

Laissez-faire economics

c)

Utopianism

d)

Utilitarianism

108.

A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.

a)

Socialism

b)

Laissez-faire economics

c)

Traditional economy

d)

Utilitarianism

109.

Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WW I and handed down harsh punishment.

a)

Treaty of Nanjing

b)

Treaty of Versailles

c)

Treaty of Ghent

d)

Treaty of Paris

110.

Agricultural revolution that increased production through improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation; helped to support rising Asian populations.

a)

Neolithic Revolution

b)

Green Revolution

c)

Industrial Revolution

d)

French Revolution