What educational philosophy that the role of teacher is guides students in their learning process by encouraging curiosity, posing problems, and stimulating discussions?

What Educational Philosophy concerned with the human condition and posits that individuals are free and responsible agents determining their own development through acts of the will?

It favors schools teaching subjects of the mind, such as is found in most public school classrooms.

The teacher would impart knowledge of this reality to students or display such reality for observation and study.