WorksheetsFundamentals of Nuclear Physics
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
What is the nucleus of an atom composed of?
Neutrons and electrons
Protons and electrons
Protons and neutrons
Electrons and protons
What is the force that holds the nucleus of an atom together?
Weak nuclear force
Strong nuclear force
Gravitational force
Electromagnetic force
What is the process of splitting an atomic nucleus called?
Nuclear fission
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion
Atomic splitting
Atomic fusion
What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?
elemental number
nuclear charge
proton count
atomic number
What is the term for the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom?
electron configuration
atomic number
nuclear charge
mass number
What is the unit used to measure the energy released in a nuclear reaction?
electronvolt (eV)
watt
ampere
joule
What is the term for the spontaneous emission of radiation from an unstable nucleus?
radioactive decay
isotopic breakdown
nuclear fission
atomic decay
What is the most common type of radioactive decay?
Gamma decay
Electron capture
Alpha decay
Beta decay
What is the term for the time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay?
semi-life
half-life
mid-life
partial-life
What is the equation that represents the relationship between mass and energy in nuclear reactions?
E=mc^3
E=mc
E=mc^2
E=mc^4
What is the process of combining atomic nuclei called?
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear combination
Nuclear fission
Atomic fusion
What is the term for the splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei?
nuclear fusion
nuclear fission
nuclear fusion
atomic fusion
nuclear division
What is the primary source of energy in nuclear power plants?
Wind energy
Nuclear fission
Hydropower
Solar power
What is the term for the process of slowing down neutrons to increase the likelihood of a nuclear reaction?
neutron moderation
neutron acceleration
electron deceleration
proton moderation
What is the term for the minimum amount of fissionable material needed to sustain a chain reaction?
supermassive
subcritical mass
critical mass
critical point
Which nuclide is the most stable?
calcium-40
hydrogen-1
iron-56
carbon-12
Which shows correctly the calculation of mass defect of a nucleus?
(mass of nucleus) − (total mass of separate neutrons)
(total mass of separate neutrons) − (mass of nucleus)
(mass of nucleus) − (total mass of separate nucleons)
(total mass of separate nucleons) − (mass of nucleus)
What is meant by binding energy?
minimum energy required to separate nucleons in a nucleus to infinity
maximum energy required to separate nucleons in a nucleus to infinity
minimum energy required to remove one nucleon from a nucleus
maximum energy required to remove one nucleon from a nucleus
Uranium-235 has 92 protons and a binding energy of 1786 MeV. Calculate its binding energy per nucleon.
19.4 MeV
7.6 MeV
12.5 MeV
0.13 MeV
Which of the following statements is wrong?
Activity is the number of decay per unit time.
Activity depends on half-life.
Activity depends on decay constant.
Activity can measured directly using a GM tube.
A house is found to have high level of radon gas. The acitivity is 2000 Bq per unit cubic metre of air. The action level recommended by UK is 200 Bq/m3. How long does it take for activity to fall below the action level if there is no influx of more radon gas? (half life of radon = 3.8 days.)
13 days
19 days
23 days
10 days
Which of the following equations about activity (A), count rate (R), and number of undecayed nuclei (N) are correct?
A=A0eλt
R=R0e−λt
N=N0eλt
N=N0e−λt
A sample of cobalt-60 has a mass of 8.84×10−10 g and activity of 3.7×104 Bq. What is the half-life of cobalt-60? (NA=6.02×1023; u=1.66×10−27 kg.)
5.27 days
5.27 years
52.7 years
527 years
Which of the following cause measured count rate to be different than activity? (Select all.)
Detector has dead time.
Radiation is absorbed by the sample.
Detector has 100% efficiency.
Detector covers sample fully.
There is background radiation.
Which of the following steps is NOT required when measuring half-life of radioisotope that is extremely long-lived?
Measure number of parent nuclei
Plot activity against time
Use A=λN
Measure activity
