Indonesia's geographical features hinder its trade capabilities.

Indonesia's position limits access to international markets.

Indonesia's location benefits its trade by providing access to major shipping routes and serving as a hub between the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

Indonesia's location isolates it from major trade routes.

Palm oil, coal, rubber, coffee, textiles

Gold, silver, diamonds, spices

Fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains

Wheat, sugar, fish, corn

Indian Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Arctic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

The Malacca Strait is vital for Indonesia's trade, economy, and national security.

The Malacca Strait has no impact on Indonesia's economy.

The Malacca Strait is primarily a tourist destination for Indonesia.

The Malacca Strait is only significant for Malaysia and Singapore.

Indonesia's economy relies solely on agriculture and mining.

Indonesia's maritime diversity only affects local fishing practices.

Indonesia's maritime diversity contributes to its economy through fishing, tourism, and shipping.

Maritime diversity has no impact on Indonesia's economy.

Fish, crustaceans, mollusks, seaweed, and coral reefs.

Land-based mammals

Freshwater fish from lakes

Tropical fruits and vegetables

Fishing significantly boosts Indonesia's economy by contributing to GDP, providing jobs, and supporting food security and exports.

Fishing has no effect on Indonesia's economy.

Fishing primarily harms Indonesia's environment and economy.

Fishing is only a minor contributor to Indonesia's tourism sector.

Overfishing, illegal fishing, environmental degradation, lack of infrastructure, and climate change.

Strong government support for fishermen

High demand for fish exports

Advanced fishing technology

Strait of Malacca, Sunda Strait, Lombok Strait

Bering Strait

Panama Canal

Strait of Hormuz

Climate change negatively impacts Indonesia's maritime resources by disrupting marine ecosystems, affecting fish populations, and threatening coral reefs.

Climate change improves fish populations and coral health.

Climate change leads to an increase in marine biodiversity.

Indonesia's maritime resources are unaffected by climate change.

Increasing fossil fuel production

Indonesia is focusing on reforestation, renewable energy, emission reduction, and international climate cooperation.

Dismantling national parks

Promoting deforestation for agriculture

Rising sea levels improve agricultural productivity in Indonesia.

Rising sea levels have no effect on Indonesia's economy.

Rising sea levels cause flooding, land loss, and community displacement in Indonesia.

Rising sea levels lead to increased tourism in coastal areas of Indonesia.

By increasing military presence in the region

Indonesia promotes maritime policies by enhancing infrastructure, improving connectivity, and managing fisheries sustainably.

By focusing solely on land-based agriculture

By promoting tourism exclusively

To enhance maritime capabilities and promote sustainable development.

To reduce fishing quotas and limit maritime trade.

To promote tourism at the expense of local communities.

To increase military presence in international waters.

Indonesia only participates in maritime affairs through unilateral actions.

Indonesia collaborates with other countries in maritime affairs through agreements, joint exercises, and participation in regional organizations.

Indonesia relies solely on bilateral agreements for maritime issues.

Indonesia does not engage in any maritime collaborations with other countries.

Tourism is a minor factor compared to agriculture in Indonesia's economy.

Tourism primarily focuses on inland attractions rather than coastal areas.

Tourism plays a vital role in generating revenue, creating jobs, and promoting marine conservation in Indonesia's maritime economy.

Tourism has no impact on Indonesia's maritime economy.

Increased tourism benefits

Environmental concerns related to maritime activities in Indonesia include marine pollution, overfishing, habitat destruction, and the introduction of invasive species.

Improved water quality

Enhanced fish populations

Marine protected areas are managed without any community input.

Indonesia relies solely on international treaties for marine protection.

Indonesia manages its marine protected areas through legal frameworks, community involvement, and scientific research.

Scientific research is not a factor in managing marine protected areas.

Increased fishing quotas

Expansion of commercial shipping routes

Initiatives include Bakamla, increased naval patrols, ASEAN collaboration, and international exercises.

Reduction of naval forces in the region