• He was a great American scientist.

• His work on light bulbs was world changing.

• He made manufacturing practical electric light bulbs possible and worked on safety fuses and switches for light sockets.

• He also invented the phonograph, the first machine to record sound and play 

• He was a well-known scientist who worked on the science of sound.

• Together with his famous assistant, Thomas Watson, they invented the telephone.

• The telephone has been widely used for communication purposes.

• Alexander Graham Bell had other inventions too including the first metal detector and audiometer.

1. He was a French scientist whose discoveries about microbes saved many lives.

2. He studied the role of microbes in diseases and spoiling of food, which eventually led to the discovery of the fermentation process.

3. His curiosity and eagerness in search for answers also helped the medical experts formulate vaccines that prevent diseases including the cause of the recent pandemic, COVID-19.

• He is the father of video conferencing.

• He invented the videophone in 1954.

• He enabled people to see each other while conversing over the telephone.

• His passion for science and technology led to the invention of the first two-way video telephone before the digital age.

• He was one of the most notable Filipino scientists, whose name appeared on The Asian Scientist 100 – a list of Asia’s most outstanding researchers.

• He invented the artificial coral reefs, a model for Asia and worldwide.

• He made significant contributions to biological sciences with his research and fieldwork to increase and preserve marine biodiversity.

• He was a renowned Filipino scientist in the field of chemistry for his remarkable research on producing “renewable resources of chemicals and fuels.”

• He was well-known for pioneering the study of coconuts and other crops in the Philippines and extracting surplus oil from the fruit.

• A Filipina scientist is most remembered for resourcefully inventing an incubator made from bamboo.

• Her strong desire to design inexpensive equipment has saved many people with limited access to medical centers.

• She founded the first hospital in the Philippines and made remarkable contributions to child health.

Refers to the ability of materials to chemically react to another substance.

• Refers to the slow breakdown of metal as it interacts with the different materials in its environment.

• It may be caused by the interaction of metals with oxidizing substances such as oxygen and water.

Examples:

• Rusting of steel

• Tarnishing of silver

• Change in color of copper

• It is the ability of a material to burn when exposed to flame.

• Matter combines with oxygen when it is burned.

Examples: 

• paper and wood

• The property of being poisonous or causing an adverse effect on a living organism.

The level of toxicity of a material can only be seen when there is visible damage or change in the function of the affected organism.

• also called biodegradable materials

• materials that come from living things

• non-biodegradable materials

• materials that do not decay

• solids that come from a mixture of different materials. 

• It is an important form of energy that affects the temperature changes of materials.

• It can raise the temperature to make an object hot or lower it to make it cold.

• It is the average measure of the kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

• It is the measure of the hotness or coldness of an object.

• may either increase or decrease depending on the heat or the total kinetic energy a material contains.

• changes can affect changes in the properties of matter.

• Solid changes into liquid

• Liquid changes into solid

• Liquid changes into a gas

• Gas change into liquid by condensation.

• Solid changes directly into a gas without passing the liquid state. 

• A substance in gas form changes states to become a solid.