Proposes that the continents were once connected, but the earth is in a state of constant motion that move apart slowly.

When Earth's crust bends, forces act towards each other, what phenomenon may result in this?

When the Earth's crust cracks and tension forms or develops, this phenomenon is called:

is a massive irregularly shaped slab of solid rocks.

A hot, malleable semi liquid zone in the upper mantle, directly underneath the lithosphere, on which the plates of the lithosphere move (or float).

Relatively thinner but denser than continental crust and is Younger

Land, thicker but less dense. A layer of the earth's crust that lies under the seven continents.

This liquid layer of the earth, made of iron and nickel.

The center and the hottest layer of the Earth. Is solid and made up of iron and nickel.

Also known as spreading boundary, occurs where two plates move apart, allowing magma, or molten rock, to rise from the Earth's interior to fill in the gap.

Also known as subduction boundary, occurs where one plate slides under another as the two are pushed together.

Occurs when two plates slide past against each other.

is an instrument to measure and record vibration (Device) of earthquakes

Seismic body waves meaning they travel through the Earth's interior. Transmitted by alternating series of sideways (shear) movements in a solid. They are transverse waves.

Seismic body waves transmitted by alternating pulses of compression and expansion (push‐pull). They are longitudinal waves. Their oscillation is parallel to the direction the wave is moving.

are the fastest seismic waves and can move through solid, liquid, or gas.

velocity is slower through solid, liquid, or gas.

is a surface wave having a horizontal motion that is transverse for perpendicular) to the direction the wave is traveling.

move the surface of the earth around in a circle, forward and down then back and up.

is a measure of earthquake size and remains unchanged with distance from the earthquake.

ground shaking at that location by considering the effects of the shaking on people

a lowland region that forms where Earth's tectonic plates move apart, they are created by the process of seafloor spreading.

The region in which one plate moves under another.

is a heat transfer process that involves the movement of energy from one place to another.

takes place when subducting into the hot mantle because of a difference in temperature.

The rest of the plate is being pulled in as well.

Wegener came up with his theory by noticing the similarity in the coastlines that seemed to fit together, rather like jigsaw pieces.

Earthquake epicentres are identified through

a device that determines the distance of an object under water by recording echoes of sound waves.

The highest mountain in the Philippines is