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WorksheetsPsy 101 Midterm Review
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 30mins
Sophie studies the differences between societies that have an individualistic view versus a collectivistic (group) view. She would most likely describe herself as a _____ psychologist.
Cognitive
Developmental
Social
Cultural
Central tendency is to variability as _____ is to _____.
mean; median
median; standard deviation
standard deviation; correlation coefficient
experiment; naturalistic observation
Kwah damaged his hippocampus and temporal lobes in a serious automobile accident. He retained his memory for events that occurred many years before the accident and was able to form new memories after the accident, but he lost his memories of events that occurred in the days leading up to the accident. This form of memory loss is referred to as _____ amnesia.
Anterograde
Retrograde
Consolidation
Episodic
Which of these is NOT a name for the external stimulus toward which motivated behavior is directed?
A goal
An incentive
A reinforcer
A motivator
Reflexology was born out of the understanding of how _____ work together to create reflexive actions
The central nervous system and peripheral nerves
The peripheral nervous system and pineal gland
Localized brain areas
Body and soul
Given what researchers know about elaborative rehearsal, it makes sense that the text recommends ______ as a superior method for learning textbook material.
Highlighting the text material
Reading the text three times
Generating questions about the material read
Memorizing the key terms in the chapter
Alex wants to run a psychological study using humans as participants and is concerned about following the ethical guidelines. Which statement should he NOT take into consideration?
obtaining informed consent from subjects while they participate in a study
obtaining informed consent from subjects after they participate in a study
obtaining informed consent from subjects before they participate in a study
not obtaining informed consent from subjects after they participate in a study
Which is a specialty BEST defined by the topic it studies than the level of analysis?
Behavioral genetics
Perceptual psychology
Social psychology
Behavioral neuroscience
Brennan notices that the subjects in his experiment modify or improve an aspect of their behavior because they know they are being studied. This phenomenon is called:
naturalistic observation.
the Hawthorne effect.
Habituation
Introspection
All other things being equal, the results of a study are more likely to be statistically significant when there is a:
smaller difference between group means
smaller number of subjects
smaller number of groups
greater difference between group means
During REM sleep, EEG waves resemble ______ waves, muscles become more ______ and breathing and heart rates become ______.
delta; relaxed; slower
beta; tense; more rapid
beta; relaxed; more rapid
alpha; tense; slower
Declan saw a piece of candy at the store and suddenly remembered that his grandma had always given it to him as a kid. This candy served as a stimulus that primed a particular memory for Declan and is referred to as a(n):
Echoic memory
Implicit memory
Retrieval cue
Visuospatial sketchpad
Lack of validity in a measurement procedure is a source of concern because it can lead to:
Error
Placebo effects
Variability
Bias
The ______ of a stimulus has to do with the precise kind of energy, and the ______ of a stimulus has to do with the amount or intensity of energy.
Qualitative dimension; quantitative dimension
Quantitative dimension; qualitative dimension
Perception; adaption
Adaption; perception
What has provided strong evidence that endorphins are involved in the liking component of reward?
Rats treated with drugs that block the effect of endorphins in the nucleus accumbens discontinue seeking out or working for rewards that are not immediately present
Drugs that decrease the activity of endorphins in the nucleus accumbens increase the rate at which animals will work for food.
Drugs that increase the activity of endorphins in the nucleus accumbens do not increase the animal's consumption of food that is immediately available.
Drugs that increase the effectiveness of endorphins increase the facial liking reaction to sucrose
In a correlational study of driving safety, accident rates during phone use were compared to accident rates for the same people when the phone was not in use. It was found that there was:
No difference in accident rates between the two conditions
A much higher accident rate when cell phones are in use, but only for handheld phones, not hands-free phones.
A much higher accident rate when cell phones were in use, but only if the tone of the conversation was angry or stressful.
A four times higher accident rate when cell phones were being used than when they were not.
Many of the neurons in the pathway essential for the wanting component of reward use _____ as their transmitter.
Endorphins
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Serotonin
If a test measuring intelligence is administered multiple times to the same individuals and largely different scores every time, what may be lacking?
Face validity
Reliability
An independent variable
Statistical significance
Cassie is out with her friends at a bonfire. When Cassie moves closer to the fire, she experiences the sensation of heat. As a result, Cassie begins to move toward the fire whenever she gets cold. This demonstrates how her sensory experience shaped her behavior. Which philosophy would explain Cassie's behavior?
Nativism
Dualism
Empiricism
Materialism
In an experiment, memory researchers convinced participants that when they were 5 they were lost in a shopping mall and were comforted by an elderly lady. This never actually happened to them. The results were that _____ percent of the participants later reported this false memory as if it were an actual memory.
50
25
75
90
Which statement about REM sleep is TRUE?
REM is also referred to as sleep stage 4.
Individuals spend increasing amounts of time in REM sleep with each sleep cycle during a night.
REM is when sleep talking is most likely to occur.
REM is when the greatest amount of motor activity occurs during sleep
Which statement accurately describes transduction of smell?
The binding of an odorous molecule to the glomeruli triggers action potentials in olfactory sensory neurons.
Receptor sites woven into hair cells bind transmitter substances released by other neurons.
Olfactory bulbs in the lining of the nose use ionic charges to bind odorous molecules to reception sites.
The terminals of olfactory sensory neurons contain receptor sites that bind molecules of odorous substances.
Scientists know that stress-induced analgesia is mediated by endorphins because rats injected with endorphin(s):
did not experience stress.
blockers and then subjected to stress showed no sign of the usual stress-induced analgesia.
blockers while under stress stopped exhibiting signs of pain.
while under stress continued to show evidence of undiminished pain sensitivity.
The coding of stimulus quantity is based on:
the rate of action potentials in sensory neurons.
different pathways of sensory neurons.
different ratios of activity coming from different receptors.
the strength of action potentials in sensory neurons.
Grace's receptors for a tasting will respond to a savory sandwich with changes in membrane permeability and with changes in the electrical charge across the membrane. This electrical charge is called ______ and it is the essence of the process called_______.
Sensory adaptation; transduction
The receptor potential; transduction
Conduction; sensory adaptation
Signal detection; sensory adaptation
A wonderful fragrance is wafting in toward Rasindu from the kitchen. _______ is the process by which Rasindu produces a basic experience of that fragrance and _______ is the process by which information about the scent is organized and interpreted as freshly baked cookies.
Sensory adaptation; transduction
Perception; sensation
Transduction; sensory adaptation
Sensation; perception
The idea that an inanimate object cannot learn because it does not possess any innate knowledge demonstrates which theory?
Nativism
Empiricism
Materialism
Behaviorism
The logical flow of thoughts depend on priming, which is a type of _______ memory.
Explicit
Implicit
Context-dependent
Echoic
A laboratory rat has received an injection of an appetite-stimulator that causes it to start eating voraciously. The ______ of the hypothalamus would be the most likely site of the injection.
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Nucleus accumbent
Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus
Arcuate nucleus
What physiological concept proposed that different sensory experiences excite different parts of the brain?
Localization of function
Natural selection
Empiricism
Level of analysis
