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WorksheetsNo.3 Retake Review AP Psychology: Cognition
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following types of tests is designed to measure an individual's knowledge of a subject?
a)
Achievement
b)
Aptitude
c)
Projective
d)
Interest inventory
2.
Which of the following types of validity is established by demonstrating that there is a correlation between scores on a test and later academic performance?
a)
Content
b)
Predictive
c)
Concurrent
d)
Test-retest
3.
The Flynn effect refers to the
a)
rise in average IQ scores over time
b)
influence of face symmetry on raters’ judgment of others
c)
deterioration of attachment and bonding due to early environmental deprivation
d)
evolution of different terms over time to capture the complexities of neurological conditions
4.
A teacher gave a standardized test to students measuring their achievement in school. A student’s test score of 86 is at the 42nd percentile. This means that this student has which of the following?
a)
Answered 86 percent of the test items correctly
b)
Scored the same as 42 of her fellow students
c)
Scored the same as or higher than 42 percent of her fellow students
d)
Scored the same as or higher than 58 percent of her fellow students
5.
Anthony thinks he will fail his math test because he believes he is terrible at math, even though he has passed his previous math tests. Which of the following explanations would the cognitive approach use to explain Anthony’s behavior?
a)
His irrational thoughts are causing him to doubt his abilities, even though he has evidence to show otherwise.
b)
He has not fully achieved self-actualization, even though he has evidence to show otherwise.
c)
He has a conflict between his id and his superego, so it keeps him from studying appropriately.
d)
He is using a defense mechanism, so it keeps him from studying appropriately.
6.
James takes an IQ test when he is in third grade and receives a score of 112. When he is tested again in sixth grade with an alternate version of the same test, his score is 114. The fact that the two scores are very similar most directly indicates that the IQ test is
a)
valid
b)
reliable
c)
standardized
d)
accurate
7.
In elementary school, Lisa learned to speak some Japanese in addition to English. As a sophomore in high school, Lisa took a class in Chinese. She found that some of the new vocabulary was difficult to learn because her earlier Japanese vocabulary was competing with the new Chinese words. This situation best illustrates
a)
repression
b)
proactive interference
c)
retroactive interference
d)
source amnesia
8.
Which of the following increases the chance that an individual will remember a telephone number that has been called several times within a short period?
a)
Spacing
b)
Retrieval
c)
Rehearsal
d)
Free recall
9.
Dr. Hermann wants to determine whether the use of distributed practice causes higher scores on a final exam. To determine whether a cause-effect relationship exists between two variables, a researcher must use which of the following?
a)
Descriptive statistics
b)
Naturalistic observation
c)
An experimental approach
d)
A correlational study
10.
Jalil goes to a party where he meets several new people. When he tells his brother about it the next day, he can only remember the names of the last 3 people that he met. Which of the following memory concepts best describes Jalil's memory for the names of the people at the party?
a)
Primacy effect
b)
Recency effect
c)
Spacing effect
d)
Law of effect
11.
Jeremy is a doctoral student who wants to investigate the effectiveness of a new mnemonic device with third graders. His plan includes asking the children to complete an informed consent form. Which of the following reasons would cause his research project to be denied by an Institutional Review Board?
a)
New teaching techniques are not researched.
b)
Jeremy is not considered a legitimate researcher.
c)
Children can express approval but only parents or legal guardians can provide consent.
d)
Confidentiality cannot be assured in this scenario.
12.
Which of the following demonstrates semantic memory?
a)
Esteban remembers the correct way to swing a golf club.
b)
Jane needs to remember that she has a dental appointment next Tuesday.
c)
Elizabeth knows the formula to calculate the area of a square.
d)
Elliott has a vivid memory of their wedding day.
13.
When Sophie reads her history assignments, she goes over them very carefully and tries to memorize each fact. Emma, on the other hand, studies by trying to relate the new information to things she has experienced, been told about by others, or seen in movies and on television. Emma’s performance on history tests will probably be better than Sophie’s due to differences in which of the following?
a)
Selective attention
b)
Levels of processing
c)
Iconic memory
d)
Chunking
14.
When 90-year-old Mrs. Glass socializes at her senior activity center, she gravitates toward activities that she can still perform well, which also demonstrates that her crystallized intelligence is functioning. Which of the following activities will most likely appeal to Mrs. Glass?
a)
A “name that song” game featuring songs from her childhood
b)
A trivia game featuring current movies
c)
A new video game in which aliens fly a spaceship
d)
A class teaching her how to use the latest computer technology
15.
In a memory study, the experimenter reads the same list of words to two groups. She asks group A to count the letters in each word, and she asks group B to focus on the meaning of each word for a later memory quiz. During a recall test, participants in group B recall significantly more words than participants in group A. Memory researchers attribute this effect to differences in
a)
priming
b)
levels of processing
c)
proactive interference
d)
procedural memory
16.
Matthew’s parents are physicists, and so are the parents of several of his best friends. Therefore, Matthew believes that many people are employed as physicists. Matthew’s reasoning is based on
a)
the availability heuristic
b)
the conjunction fallacy
c)
the representativeness heuristic
d)
a mental set
17.
Jordan learns a trick to solve one particular type of math problem. He then uses the same trick to solve other types of math problems, even though it does not work and he keeps getting the wrong answer. Jordan’s use of the trick is an example of
a)
reversibility
b)
a prototype
c)
insight
d)
a mental set
18.
A problem-solving strategy that is thorough but often inefficient when it is used by humans is an example of which of the following concepts?
a)
a heuristic
b)
social-cognitive learning
c)
insight
d)
an algorithm
19.
A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety. Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone. Which type of research does the scenario describe?
a)
Participant observation
b)
Correlational
c)
Case study
d)
Experimental
20.
Tina is reading an important letter when she accidentally splashes water on the paper. The water has smudged a few words, but she is still able to understand what the letter says. This can be explained by
a)
top-down processing
b)
bottom-up processing
c)
retinal disparity
d)
color constancy
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