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WorksheetsExploring DNA: Structure and Mutations
Total questions: 29
Worksheet time: 30mins
What is the shape of the DNA molecule?
Linear
Double helix
Circular
Zigzag
Which of the following base pairs is correct according to the base pairing rules?
Adenine - Cytosine
Guanine - Thymine
Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Thymine
During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?
DNA polymerase
Helicase
Ligase
Primase
What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?
Unwinds the DNA strand
Joins Okazaki fragments
Synthesizes new DNA strands
Adds RNA primers
Which of the following is a type of point mutation?
Inversion
Deletion
Substitution
Duplication
What is the complementary strand for the DNA sequence 5'-ATCG-3'?
5'-TAGC-3'
3'-TAGC-5'
5'-CGAT-3'
3'-CGAT-5'
Which of the following mutations is likely to have the most significant effect on a protein?
Silent mutation
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Neutral mutation
How does a frameshift mutation affect the reading frame of a gene?
It does not affect the reading frame.
It shifts the reading frame, altering the entire amino acid sequence downstream.
It only affects the first codon.
It replaces one amino acid with another.
Predict the effect of a substitution mutation that changes a codon from UUU to UUC.
It will result in a frameshift mutation.
It will cause a nonsense mutation.
It will have no effect on the protein (silent mutation).
It will change the protein structure significantly.
Analyze the impact of a deletion mutation in a gene coding for an enzyme.
The enzyme will be produced normally.
The enzyme will be produced but with altered function.
The enzyme will not be produced at all.
The enzyme will be produced with enhanced function.
Evaluate the importance of proofreading by DNA polymerase during replication.
It ensures the DNA is unwound properly.
It prevents the formation of Okazaki fragments.
It reduces the frequency of mutations by correcting errors.
It adds RNA primers to the DNA strand.
What is the consequence of a nonsense mutation in a gene?
It results in a longer protein.
It results in a shorter, nonfunctional protein.
It has no effect on the protein.
It changes one amino acid in the protein.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication?
Helicase
Ligase
DNA polymerase
Primase
What is the effect of a silent mutation on a protein?
It changes the protein's function.
It has no effect on the protein's function.
It results in a nonfunctional protein.
It causes the protein to be longer.
Which of the following best describes a missense mutation?
A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence.
A mutation that results in a premature stop codon.
A mutation that changes one amino acid in the protein.
A mutation that shifts the reading frame.
Discuss the potential effects of a frameshift mutation on protein synthesis.
It may result in a protein with a completely different amino acid sequence.
It will have no effect on the protein.
It will only affect the first amino acid.
It will result in a longer protein.
How does the enzyme helicase facilitate DNA replication?
It synthesizes new DNA strands.
It joins Okazaki fragments.
It unwinds the DNA double helix.
It adds RNA primers.
A segment of DNA is shown in the diagram. Which of these identifies the part of the DNA segment labeled A?
Nucleotide
Phosphate group
Hydrogen bond
Deoxyribose
What is the purpose of transcription?
To copy DNA into a molecule of mRNA.
To read a copy of mRNA to build a protien.
What is the purpose of the chart shown in the image?
To show the structure of DNA
To show the process of transcription
To indicate what codon codes for each amino acid
To display the different types of nucleic acids
Which of the following is the start codon?
UGA
AUG
GUA
GAU
A DNA mutation is a change in a DNA base sequence. This can occur if one or more extra bases are inserted or added into a DNA sequence, if one or more bases get replaced by different bases, or if one or more bases are lost or removed from a DNA sequence.
Identify the deletion mutation if the NORMAL DNA sequence was:
T A C A G G G C T C C C
Mutation 1
T A C A G G G T T C C C
Mutation 2
T A C G G G C T C C C
Mutation 3
T A C A G A G G C T C C C
A DNA mutation is a change in a DNA base sequence. This can occur if one or more extra bases are inserted or added into a DNA sequence, if one or more bases get replaced by different bases, or if one or more bases are lost or removed from a DNA sequence.
Identify the insertion mutation if the NORMAL DNA sequence was:
T A C A G G G C T C C C
Mutation 1:
T A C T A G G G C T C C C
Mutation 2:
T A G A G G G C T C C C
Mutation 3:
T A G A G G C C T C C C
What type of mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base but still forms the same protein?
point mutation
frameshift mutation
silent mutation
chromosomal mutation
The change in the second codon of DNA sequence from GAA to GAG does not affect the amino acid sequence. This is an example of ........................................
Nonsense mutation
Missense mutation
Silent Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
Mutations in somatic cells can be passed down to offspring.
TRUE
FALSE
