2. 2. Read the text and answer the question.

3. The Hidden Gem of East Nusa Tenggara : Nihiwatu

   Nusa Tenggara Timur is located in the eastern part of the Lesser Sunda Islands, including West Timor. If you love traveling, you will find that Nusa Tenggara Timur is a fascinating place to visit as it has several interesting places to visit, such as Komodo island, Labuan Bajo, and Kelimutu Lake. Recently, travelers put their attention on Nihiwatu as a travel destination as one of the hotels was acclaimed as the best hotel in the ‘world’s best awards’ by the prestigious magazine, Travel Leisure in 2016. However, before you pack your bag and travel there; let’s have a look at the two sides of the coin of traveling to Nihiwatu beach prior to your trip.

   Nihiwatu is remotely located; it is far from the hustle and bustle of the city. Hence, you can enjoy the fresh air and serene atmosphere as you arrive in Nihiwatu. The place offers a fascinating beach view that ranks number 17 among 100 most beautiful beaches in the world. Tourists can experience several activities such as snorkeling, diving, fishing, boat riding, and so on during their visit in Nihiwatu. Tourists can also immerse themselves with the local family, visit the village’s traditional market, or help farmers pick crops, hike in the jungle, and ride bicycles in the countryside. Nihiwatu is prominent among surfers.

   The two- to three meters- high waves lure professional surfers to challenge their skills. In fact, Nihiwatu is also known as Occi’s left or God’s left. a place that has attractive waves for surfing.

4. ...

5. 2.     What makes Nihiwatu a favorite destination for surfers?

3. Read the text and answer the question.

4. The Hidden Gem of East Nusa Tenggara : Nihiwatu

   Nusa Tenggara Timur is located in the eastern part of the Lesser Sunda Islands, including West Timor. If you love traveling, you will find that Nusa Tenggara Timur is a fascinating place to visit as it has several interesting places to visit, such as Komodo island, Labuan Bajo, and Kelimutu Lake. Recently, travelers put their attention on Nihiwatu as a travel destination as one of the hotels was acclaimed as the best hotel in the ‘world’s best awards’ by the prestigious magazine, Travel Leisure in 2016. However, before you pack your bag and travel there; let’s have a look at the two sides of the coin of traveling to Nihiwatu beach prior to your trip.

   Nihiwatu is remotely located; it is far from the hustle and bustle of the city. Hence, you can enjoy the fresh air and serene atmosphere as you arrive in Nihiwatu. The place offers a fascinating beach view that ranks number 17 among 100 most beautiful beaches in the world. Tourists can experience several activities such as snorkeling, diving, fishing, boat riding, and so on during their visit in Nihiwatu. Tourists can also immerse themselves with the local family, visit the village’s traditional market, or help farmers pick crops, hike in the jungle, and ride bicycles in the countryside. Nihiwatu is prominent among surfers.

   The two- to three meters- high waves lure professional surfers to challenge their skills. In fact, Nihiwatu is also known as Occi’s left or God’s left. a place that has attractive waves for surfing..

5. ...

6. What activity is NOT mentioned as available for tourists at Nihiwatu?

4. 4. Read the text and answer the question.

5. The Hidden Gem of East Nusa Tenggara : Nihiwatu

6. ...

7. Nevertheless, the beauty of Nihiwatu is worth a king’s ransom at least to the extent of transportation and accommodation. You can visit Nihiwatu by air or by land. If you decide to travel by air, you need to reach Tambolaka airport, you can use a plane which departs from Ngurah Rai airport in Bali. Afterwards, you can continue the journey by renting a car for 90 minutes and the cost is approximately Rp. 400,000,- to Rp.650,000,- per day. If road trip is your choice, you may start your journey from Gilimanuk harbor, Bali, to Waikato harbor in South West Sumba. The trip itself is time consuming as you need to transit in several harbors prior to arriving in Waikato harbor. Based on the transportation illustration it is clear that traveling to Nihiwatu is costly whether you use air travel or road trip. Nihiwatu may also not be affordable in terms of accommodation. Several accommodations, such as Nihi Sumba, Lelewatu resort, Alamayah hotel, and Rua beach resort are considered to be pricey with five millions rupiah per night, and some require guests to stay for five days minimum. Unfortunately, some of the most stunning beaches in Nihiwatu are private, and thus they can only be accessed by the guests staying at the hotel or resort.

Nihiwatu can be a paradise for travelers because it offers the atmosphere as well as various leisure activities. Further, surfers will find the place fascinating as they practice their skills whether they are beginner or professional. However, Nihiwatu may not be affordable for several visitors since the way to get there and also the accommodation can be very costly.

4. 4. Which of the following is a reason why Nihiwatu may not be affordable for all visitors?

4. 5. Read the text and answer the question

5. The Hidden Gem of East Nusa Tenggara : Nihiwatu

6. ...

7. Nevertheless, the beauty of Nihiwatu is worth a king’s ransom at least to the extent of transportation and accommodation. You can visit Nihiwatu by air or by land. If you decide to travel by air, you need to reach Tambolaka airport, you can use a plane which departs from Ngurah Rai airport in Bali. Afterwards, you can continue the journey by renting a car for 90 minutes and the cost is approximately Rp. 400,000,- to Rp.650,000,- per day. If road trip is your choice, you may start your journey from Gilimanuk harbor, Bali, to Waikato harbor in South West Sumba. The trip itself is time consuming as you need to transit in several harbors prior to arriving in Waikato harbor. Based on the transportation illustration it is clear that traveling to Nihiwatu is costly whether you use air travel or road trip. Nihiwatu may also not be affordable in terms of accommodation. Several accommodations, such as Nihi Sumba, Lelewatu resort, Alamayah hotel, and Rua beach resort are considered to be pricey with five millions rupiah per night, and some require guests to stay for five days minimum. Unfortunately, some of the most stunning beaches in Nihiwatu are private, and thus they can only be accessed by the guests staying at the hotel or resort.

Nihiwatu can be a paradise for travelers because it offers the atmosphere as well as various leisure activities. Further, surfers will find the place fascinating as they practice their skills whether they are beginner or professional. However, Nihiwatu may not be affordable for several visitors since the way to get there and also the accommodation can be very costly..

1.     What is a drawback of Nihiwatu mentioned in the text?

6. 6. Read the text and answer the question.

Snorkeling in Wakatobi Located in Southeast Sulawesi, Wakatobi consists of a group of approximately 150 islands. The name Wakatobi is the abbreviation of the four largest islands there, which are Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, Tomia, and Binongko. With its house reefs offering corals, seagrass meadows, and myriad marine creatures, it has become a paradise for those who love snorkeling.

There are several advantages to snorkeling here. First, snorkelers receive similar support as scuba divers do. Snorkeling sites are rated for suitability based on the reef topography. There are snorkeling packages available offering A professional snorkel guide who is versed in marine life is provided for snorkelers. Different time allocation can be chosen based on the convenience of the snorkelers and the weather. Not only can snorkeling equipment be rented, but camera and video systems are also available on the boat. In addition, snorkeling packages also include towels and snacks. The crew always ensures the safety of snorkelers by constantly monitoring them while they are in the water. Additionally, if it is your first time trying this activity, don’t worry since there is a private snorkel guide who will assist you to obtain the most from your snorkeling sorties.

...

6.     Which of the following is NOT one of the four largest islands in Wakatobi?

7. 7. Read the text and answwer the question

8. ...

Second, the house reef in Wakatobi is teeming with marine life, and snorkelers can enter directly from the beach or through the jetty ladder. It is supervised by shore-based personnel, who also have access to a taxi boat in the event of an emergency. Filefish, coconut octopus, and Halimeda ghost pipefish call the seagrass shallows home, while the areas surrounding the various coral heads are home to a plethora of colorful juveniles, cuttlefish, crocodile fish, moray eels, juvenile green and hawksbill turtles, and more. In addition, at least seven different species of anemonefish have been discovered in the vicinity of the jetty and Jetty Bar. Views out into the blue and down the House Reef wall can be had from the spectacular drop off where the wall begins: turtles, bumphead parrotfish, rays, boxfish, pufferfish, and mild-mannered triggerfish, boxfish, pufferfish, and midnight snapper can be seen among many other species. Just like elsewhere, snorkeling in Wakatobi can cause sunburn. Wakatobi belongs to one of the aridest regions in Indonesia offering sunshine on most days. If you are not well-prepared, you could easily be exposed to sunburn, heatstroke, overheating, or dehydration. The ability to practice sun safety such as timing your snorkeling, wearing sunscreen, and limiting sun exposure might help. Besides, sometimes the weather could turn bad. Storms or typhoons can stir up the currents and cause low underwater visibility. Another disadvantage you may encounter is the possibility of running into sharks, jellyfish, or other dangerous creatures. Don’t forget to maintain a safe distance and respect underwater life. Before snorkeling, those who have health concerns risk of cramps, exhaustion, heart issues, panic attack, or seizures are advised to consult a doctor.

Of course there are benefits and drawbacks of snorkeling in Wakatobi as mentioned above. However, snorkeling there offers a wonderful underwater experience. If you want to feel a great adventure, pack your bags and take a pilgrimage to Wakatobi.

7.     Which type of marine life is commonly found near coral heads in Wakatobi?

8. Read the text and answer the question.

Snorkeling in Wakatobi Located in Southeast Sulawesi, Wakatobi consists of a group of approximately 150 islands. The name Wakatobi is the abbreviation of the four largest islands there, which are Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, Tomia, and Binongko. With its house reefs offering corals, seagrass meadows, and myriad marine creatures, it has become a paradise for those who love snorkeling. There are several advantages to snorkeling here. First, snorkelers receive similar support as scuba divers do. Snorkeling sites are rated for suitability based on the reef topography. There are snorkeling packages available offering A professional snorkel guide who is versed in marine life is provided for snorkelers. Different time allocation can be chosen based on the convenience of the snorkelers and the weather. Not only can snorkeling equipment be rented, but camera and video systems are also available on the boat. In addition, snorkeling packages also include towels and snacks. The crew always ensures the safety of snorkelers by constantly monitoring them while they are in the water. Additionally, if it is your first time trying this activity, don’t worry since there is a private snorkel guide who will assist you to obtain the most from your snorkeling sorties.

...

8.     Which of the following services is NOT included in Wakatobi’s snorkeling packages?

9. 9. Read the text and answer the question.

...

Second, the house reef in Wakatobi is teeming with marine life, and snorkelers can enter directly from the beach or through the jetty ladder. It is supervised by shore-based personnel, who also have access to a taxi boat in the event of an emergency. Filefish, coconut octopus, and Halimeda ghost pipefish call the seagrass shallows home, while the areas surrounding the various coral heads are home to a plethora of colorful juveniles, cuttlefish, crocodile fish, moray eels, juvenile green and hawksbill turtles, and more. In addition, at least seven different species of anemonefish have been discovered in the vicinity of the jetty and Jetty Bar. Views out into the blue and down the House Reef wall can be had from the spectacular drop off where the wall begins: turtles, bumphead parrotfish, rays, boxfish, pufferfish, and mild-mannered triggerfish, boxfish, pufferfish, and midnight snapper can be seen among many other species. Just like elsewhere, snorkeling in Wakatobi can cause sunburn. Wakatobi belongs to one of the aridest regions in Indonesia offering sunshine on most days. If you are not well-prepared, you could easily be exposed to sunburn, heatstroke, overheating, or dehydration. The ability to practice sun safety such as timing your snorkeling, wearing sunscreen, and limiting sun exposure might help. Besides, sometimes the weather could turn bad. Storms or typhoons can stir up the currents and cause low underwater visibility. Another disadvantage you may encounter is the possibility of running into sharks, jellyfish, or other dangerous creatures. Don’t forget to maintain a safe distance and respect underwater life. Before snorkeling, those who have health concerns risk of cramps, exhaustion, heart issues, panic attack, or seizures are advised to consult a doctor.

Of course there are benefits and drawbacks of snorkeling in Wakatobi as mentioned above. However, snorkeling there offers a wonderful underwater experience. If you want to feel a great adventure, pack your bags and take a pilgrimage to Wakatobi.

1.     Which of the following creatures might snorkelers encounter in Wakatobi’s seagrass shallows?

10. 10. Read the text and answer the question.

11. ....

Second, the house reef in Wakatobi is teeming with marine life, and snorkelers can enter directly from the beach or through the jetty ladder. It is supervised by shore-based personnel, who also have access to a taxi boat in the event of an emergency. Filefish, coconut octopus, and Halimeda ghost pipefish call the seagrass shallows home, while the areas surrounding the various coral heads are home to a plethora of colorful juveniles, cuttlefish, crocodile fish, moray eels, juvenile green and hawksbill turtles, and more. In addition, at least seven different species of anemonefish have been discovered in the vicinity of the jetty and Jetty Bar. Views out into the blue and down the House Reef wall can be had from the spectacular drop off where the wall begins: turtles, bumphead parrotfish, rays, boxfish, pufferfish, and mild-mannered triggerfish, boxfish, pufferfish, and midnight snapper can be seen among many other species. Just like elsewhere, snorkeling in Wakatobi can cause sunburn. Wakatobi belongs to one of the aridest regions in Indonesia offering sunshine on most days. If you are not well-prepared, you could easily be exposed to sunburn, heatstroke, overheating, or dehydration. The ability to practice sun safety such as timing your snorkeling, wearing sunscreen, and limiting sun exposure might help. Besides, sometimes the weather could turn bad. Storms or typhoons can stir up the currents and cause low underwater visibility. Another disadvantage you may encounter is the possibility of running into sharks, jellyfish, or other dangerous creatures. Don’t forget to maintain a safe distance and respect underwater life. Before snorkeling, those who have health concerns risk of cramps, exhaustion, heart issues, panic attack, or seizures are advised to consult a doctor.

Of course there are benefits and drawbacks of snorkeling in Wakatobi as mentioned above. However, snorkeling there offers a wonderful underwater experience. If you want to feel a great adventure, pack your bags and take a pilgrimage to Wakatobi.

10. 10. Which group of people is specifically advised to seek medical advice before snorkeling in Wakatobi?

11. 11. Read the text and answer the question.

Pro and cons of the future payment method: Cashless

Cashless probably sounds like science fiction, but it’s on its way. Present-day transactions already happen without cash, and many financial institutions, service companies, and even governments are proponents of the shift. This issue is one where cash paper and coin currency isn’t used anymore for financial transactions. Alternatively, transactions are using debit or credit cards or payment services like PayPal, Q-ris, Virtual Account, etc. Is being cashless a wise decision? Proponents say that those with the technological ability to take advantage of being cashless will likely find that it’s more convenient. If you have your card or phone, you have instantaneous access to all your cash holdings.

Convenience isn’t the only benefit. Here are some other benefits such as lower crime rates, automatic paper trails, reduced cash management costs, and international payments becoming much easier.

...

1. 11. What is one benefit of going cashless?

12. 12. Read the text and answer the question.

Pro and cons of the future payment method: Cashless

...

However, opponents believe that using cash still has advantages. One of the great advantages of cash is that it will always be accepted as a method of payment. For example, having a coffee or paying for a cab  in some places there is still a minimum amount to be able to use cashless payment methods. On the other hand, opponents also argue that being cashless can cause people to overspend. They make large purchases on their credit cards with ease because they find it harder to understand the value of money when it isn’t visible. Research has also shown that people who have debt are twice as likely to suffer from depression and anxiety disorders. They also say that going cashless is probably more problematic than beneficial. Digital payment transactions can harm your privacy. You have to trust the organizations that handle your transaction data, which means there is nothing you could hide. Furthermore, your data could be exposed to modern digital bank robbers or hackers. If you are targeted, hackers could easily drain your money.

12. 12. What is one worry that people against going cashless have?

13. 13. Read the text and answer the question.

Pro and cons of the future payment method: Cashless

...

However, opponents believe that using cash still has advantages. One of the great advantages of cash is that it will always be accepted as a method of payment. For example, having a coffee or paying for a cab  in some places there is still a minimum amount to be able to use cashless payment methods. On the other hand, opponents also argue that being cashless can cause people to overspend. They make large purchases on their credit cards with ease because they find it harder to understand the value of money when it isn’t visible. Research has also shown that people who have debt are twice as likely to suffer from depression and anxiety disorders. They also say that going cashless is probably more problematic than beneficial. Digital payment transactions can harm your privacy. You have to trust the organizations that handle your transaction data, which means there is nothing you could hide. Furthermore, your data could be exposed to modern digital bank robbers or hackers. If you are targeted, hackers could easily drain your money.

It is important to consider the advantages and disadvantages when choosing a payment method. Nowadays, with many technological and societal moves towards digital and virtual financial transactions, cash currency is becoming less and less common. Being cashless would primarily benefit certain businesses. While some individuals prefer using debit and credit to cash for convenience, businesses benefit from processing fees when consumers use their apps and services to send and receive payments. Handling cash is also expensive, so moving to cashless payments will save businesses money and make transactions easier to track. The suggestion: be wise when using either cash or cashless payments.

13. 13. How do businesses benefit from cashless payments?

14. 14. Observe the infographic and answer the question.

15. What percentage of students reported making a payment using a mobile phone in the last 12 months?

5. 15. Observe the infographic and answer the question.

What have 73% of students reported doing in the past 12 months?

16. 16. Observe the infographic and answer the question.

What percentage of students hold a payment card or a debit card?

17. 17. Read the text and answer the question.

18. Shall Financial Literacy Be Taught at School?

    Have you ever heard of the term financial literacy? It is the ability to apply knowledge and skills to successfully manage financial resources, preferably for lifetime financial well-being. In fact, it is something that most people need to work on a daily basis and is an important component of our ongoing education. The presence of online transactions may trigger people to spend money easily. In addition, the offer of savings accounts, student loans, mortgages, health insurance, and investments have all become increasingly important.

    Inserting financial literacy as a part of the school curriculum will teach students effective financial management. Whether it is taught as a mandatory or additional subject, it ought to contain sufficient material for students to cover the basics to help them understand how to manage their monthly budgeting and prepare for their future financial planning. Early enrollment in a financial literacy course gives students the most opportunity to put their knowledge to use. While still in high school, many students who study financial literacy put what they learn into practice straight away. By learning from theory and practical tasks given by the teachers, they might avoid poor spending decisions which lead to unpaid debts, poor credit, housing or vehicle foreclosure, and even bankruptcy. They develop positive behaviors that eventually spread to their families, friends, and communities.

    Likewise, critics argue that teaching financial literacy in the classroom is unrealistic and ineffective. The school curriculum has been already overflowing with required subjects; therefore, it could be challenging to fit in an additional subject. Furthermore, teachers will be required to learn about this subject, while in fact, perhaps teachers are even financially illiterate themselves to deliver about this. Considering it might influence future financial safety, the experts in this field need to assign specifically what requires essential changes in the structure of the current curriculum. On the other hand, others believe that the knowledge about managing money is the responsibility of parents at home, not school. Parents can teach their kids starting from daily pocket money and monthly budget.

    Living in this era in which financial products and services have been more widely available in society, the necessity of managing money is inevitably urgent. Unlike previous generations, who may have purchased items primarily with cash, today’s consumers have more options for payments, using credit or debit cards, as well as electronic transfers. As a result, having the knowledge of financial literacy will improve awareness in making decisions about choosing types of financial products that fit their budget. Therefore, it is suggested that students ought to learn and improve their financial literacy, whether it is pursued formally at school or simply learned from their parents.

What does "financial literacy" mean in the text? 

18. 18. Read the text and answer the question.

Shall Financial Literacy Be Taught at School?

Have you ever heard of the term financial literacy? It is the ability to apply knowledge and skills to successfully manage financial resources, preferably for lifetime financial well-being. In fact, it is something that most people need to work on a daily basis and is an important component of our ongoing education. The presence of online transactions may trigger people to spend money easily. In addition, the offer of savings accounts, student loans, mortgages, health insurance, and investments have all become increasingly important.

Inserting financial literacy as a part of the school curriculum will teach students effective financial management. Whether it is taught as a mandatory or additional subject, it ought to contain sufficient material for students to cover the basics to help them understand how to manage their monthly budgeting and prepare for their future financial planning. Early enrollment in a financial literacy course gives students the most opportunity to put their knowledge to use. While still in high school, many students who study financial literacy put what they learn into practice straight away. By learning from theory and practical tasks given by the teachers, they might avoid poor spending decisions which lead to unpaid debts, poor credit, housing or vehicle foreclosure, and even bankruptcy. They develop positive behaviors that eventually spread to their families, friends, and communities.

...

18. 18. What is one good thing about teaching financial literacy in schools? 

19. 19. Read the text and answer the question.

Shall Financial Literacy Be Taught at School?

...

Likewise, critics argue that teaching financial literacy in the classroom is unrealistic and ineffective. The school curriculum has been already overflowing with required subjects; therefore, it could be challenging to fit in an additional subject. Furthermore, teachers will be required to learn about this subject, while in fact, perhaps teachers are even financially illiterate themselves to deliver about this. Considering it might influence future financial safety, the experts in this field need to assign specifically what requires essential changes in the structure of the current curriculum. On the other hand, others believe that the knowledge about managing money is the responsibility of parents at home, not school. Parents can teach their kids starting from daily pocket money and monthly budget.

Living in this era in which financial products and services have been more widely available in society, the necessity of managing money is inevitably urgent. Unlike previous generations, who may have purchased items primarily with cash, today’s consumers have more options for payments, using credit or debit cards, as well as electronic transfers. As a result, having the knowledge of financial literacy will improve awareness in making decisions about choosing types of financial products that fit their budget. Therefore, it is suggested that students ought to learn and improve their financial literacy, whether it is pursued formally at school or simply learned from their parents.

19. 19. What do people who don’t agree with teaching financial literacy in schools say? 

19. 20. Read the text and answer the question.

Shall Financial Literacy Be Taught at School?

Have you ever heard of the term financial literacy? It is the ability to apply knowledge and skills to successfully manage financial resources, preferably for lifetime financial well-being. In fact, it is something that most people need to work on a daily basis and is an important component of our ongoing education. The presence of online transactions may trigger people to spend money easily. In addition, the offer of savings accounts, student loans, mortgages, health insurance, and investments have all become increasingly important.

Inserting financial literacy as a part of the school curriculum will teach students effective financial management. Whether it is taught as a mandatory or additional subject, it ought to contain sufficient material for students to cover the basics to help them understand how to manage their monthly budgeting and prepare for their future financial planning. Early enrollment in a financial literacy course gives students the most opportunity to put their knowledge to use. While still in high school, many students who study financial literacy put what they learn into practice straight away. By learning from theory and practical tasks given by the teachers, they might avoid poor spending decisions which lead to unpaid debts, poor credit, housing or vehicle foreclosure, and even bankruptcy. They develop positive behaviors that eventually spread to their families, friends, and communities.

Likewise, critics argue that teaching financial literacy in the classroom is unrealistic and ineffective. The school curriculum has been already overflowing with required subjects; therefore, it could be challenging to fit in an additional subject. Furthermore, teachers will be required to learn about this subject, while in fact, perhaps teachers are even financially illiterate themselves to deliver about this. Considering it might influence future financial safety, the experts in this field need to assign specifically what requires essential changes in the structure of the current curriculum. On the other hand, others believe that the knowledge about managing money is the responsibility of parents at home, not school. Parents can teach their kids starting from daily pocket money and monthly budget.

Living in this era in which financial products and services have been more widely available in society, the necessity of managing money is inevitably urgent. Unlike previous generations, who may have purchased items primarily with cash, today’s consumers have more options for payments, using credit or debit cards, as well as electronic transfers. As a result, having the knowledge of financial literacy will improve awareness in making decisions about choosing types of financial products that fit their budget. Therefore, it is suggested that students ought to learn and improve their financial literacy, whether it is pursued formally at school or simply learned from their parents.

Why is learning about money more important today than in the past?