Wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

8th Grade PE#2 Review

Total questions: 89

Worksheet time: 1hrs 8mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Why are these events referred to as the Second Industrial Revolution?

a)

Because they marked a period of rapid industrial growth and technological innovation following the first wave of industrialization.

b)

Because they were the first events to occur in the 20th century.

c)

Because they were primarily focused on agricultural advancements.

d)

Because they were the last major industrial events in history.

2.

Which of the following were push factors that encouraged immigration to the United States of America?

a)

Economic hardship

b)

Political instability

c)

Religious persecution

d)

All of the above

3.

How did the Know-Nothing movement get its name?

a)

It was named after its secretive nature, where members often claimed to 'know nothing' when asked about its activities.

b)

It was named after a famous leader known for his lack of knowledge.

c)

It was named after a popular slogan of the time.

d)

It was named after a political opponent's derogatory remark.

4.

How might having political power change an immigrant group’s experience?

a)

It can lead to better representation and influence in policy-making.

b)

It might result in increased discrimination and marginalization.

c)

It has no impact on their experience.

d)

It can cause a decrease in community cohesion.

5.

What is one impact of rapid urbanization on the quality of life in cities?

a)

Improved public transportation

b)

Increased pollution

c)

Decreased population density

d)

Enhanced green spaces

6.

Could such rapid economic growth have happened without millions of immigrants coming to America?

a)

Yes, it could have happened without immigrants.

b)

No, it could not have happened without immigrants.

7.

How were railroads both producers and consumers during the Second Industrial Revolution?

a)

Railroads produced steel and consumed coal.

b)

Railroads produced coal and consumed steel.

c)

Railroads produced textiles and consumed iron.

d)

Railroads produced electricity and consumed textiles.

8.

How did innovations like electricity and the telephone change daily life? How did they change the way people worked?

a)

They made communication and work more efficient.

b)

They had no significant impact on daily life.

c)

They made life more difficult and work less efficient.

d)

They only affected the wealthy and had no impact on the general population.

9.

What made Madam C. J. Walker so exceptional?

a)

She was the first female self-made millionaire in America.

b)

She was a famous singer.

c)

She was a renowned scientist.

d)

She was a celebrated author.

10.

Were the entrepreneurs of the Second Industrial Revolution captains of industry or robber barons?

a)

Captains of industry

b)

Robber barons

11.

Why did the Knights of Labor decide to keep its organization secret?

a)

To avoid employer retaliation

b)

To increase membership fees

c)

To maintain exclusivity

d)

To align with government policies

12.

Which of the following best explains the history and impact of a local trade or labor union, including its connection to national labor organizations?

a)

The union was formed in the early 20th century and played a key role in national labor movements.

b)

The union was established in the late 19th century and had no connection to national labor organizations.

c)

The union emerged in the mid-20th century and focused solely on local issues.

d)

The union was created in the 21st century and quickly became a part of international labor organizations.

13.

Why do you think employers resisted workers’ demands for shorter hours and better working conditions?

a)

To maintain higher productivity and profits

b)

To improve employee satisfaction

c)

To reduce operational costs

d)

To comply with government regulations

14.

Match the following

a)

Irish

1.

To avoid famine caused by potato crop failure

b)

Chinese

2.

To find work building the railroad in the western United States

c)

Both Irish and Chinese

3.

To escape harsh economic conditions

15.

What was one of the primary causes of immigration during the Industrial Revolution?

a)

The discovery of gold in California

b)

The availability of jobs in factories

c)

The invention of the airplane

d)

The end of World War I

16.

How did the influx of immigrants during the Industrial Revolution affect urban development?

a)

It led to the decline of urban areas.

b)

It spurred the growth and expansion of cities.

c)

It resulted in the abandonment of urban centers.

d)

It had no impact on urban development.

17.

Which statement would MOST LIKELY have been said by someone who immigrated to the United States from China in the mid-1800s?

a)

"I fled famine in my homeland only to find difficult conditions in the United States. I settled in Boston, but I found it difficult to find work because people discriminated against me for my religion and ethnicity."

b)

"I left my homeland because of political unrest there. I settled in Wisconsin, because the land there reminded me of home. I now have a successful farm."

c)

"I left my homeland to avoid harsh rule by the king who claimed my land. I settled in the Carolina backcountry with other members of my clan. We've built log cabins and I make my living as a craftsman."

d)

"I left my homeland because I was inspired by stories of gold in California. When I didn't find gold, I got a job helping build the railroad. I faced a lot of discrimination."

18.
_______________ are people who live in a country in which they were not born.
a)
Pioneers
b)
Immigrants
c)
Merchants
d)
Native Americans
19.
An increase in the number of factories in the mid-1800's led to
a)
An increased dependence on products made in homes
b)
An increase in urbanization
c)
A decrease in levels of water and air pollution
d)
A reduction in immigration from Europe
20.

Why did the railroads hire Chinese immigrants?

a)

Chinese labor was cheap and willing to work in dangerous conditions.

b)

Chinese labor was highly skilled and able to work faster than other workers.

21.

Which of the following led to the increase of urban populations, as well as immigration, during the 1800s?

a)

The availability of cheap farm land

b)

Attacks by Native Americans in the West

c)

Freeing of slaves in southern states

d)

Availability of manufacturing (factory) jobs

22.
The Bessemer process, invented by Henry Bessemer, was created to produce...
a)
cotton
b)
peanuts
c)
steel
d)
electricity
23.

Evaluate the economic effects of immigration on the United States during the Industrial Revolution.

a)

Immigration led to a decrease in the overall economic growth.

b)

Immigration contributed to the expansion of the labor force and economic growth.

c)

Immigration had no impact on the economy.

d)

Immigration caused a significant increase in unemployment rates.

24.

Analyze the impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act on the labor market during the Industrial Revolution.

a)

It increased the number of Chinese workers in factories.

b)

It led to a shortage of labor in certain industries.

c)

It had no significant impact on the labor market.

d)

It resulted in higher wages for all workers.

25.

Another challenge faced by cities during the 2 industrial revolution was political corruption led by ​ ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
political machines
immigrants
all business leaders
landlords
26.

What do laissez-faire policies mean in the context of industrialization?

a)

Strong government intervention and regulation of businesses

b)

Minimal government intervention, allowing businesses to operate with freedom

c)

Government ownership of all industries

d)

Strict labor laws and workers' rights protection.

27.

A major result of the Industrial Revolution in the United States was

a)

a decreased number of factories

b)

that people bought fewer goods

c)

a movement of people to cities

d)

a share increase in all prices.

28.

What was a key driving force behind industrialization in the late 19th century?

a)

Political reform

b)

Technological innovation

c)

Agricultural expansion

d)

Military advancements

29.

How did the Bessemer process impact steel production during this era?

a)

It reduced the availability of steel.

b)

It made steel less affordable.

c)

It revolutionized steel production, making it more affordable and widely available.

d)

It had no effect on steel production.

30.

What role did abundant natural resources like coal and iron ore play in industrial expansion?

a)

They discouraged entrepreneurs from investing in industries.

b)

They hindered the growth of industry.

c)

They provided essential raw materials for various industries.

d)

They led to overproduction and economic crises.

31.

How did mass immigration contribute to industrial growth during this period?

a)

It led to a reduction in the workforce.

b)

It discouraged entrepreneurship.

c)

It provided a significant labor force for factories, mines, and railroads.

d)

It had no impact on industrial growth.

32.

What do laissez-faire policies mean in the context of industrialization?

a)

Strong government intervention and regulation of businesses

b)

Minimal government intervention, allowing businesses to operate with freedom

c)

Government ownership of all industries

d)

Strict labor laws and workers' rights protection.

33.

A major result of the Industrial Revolution in the United States was

a)

a decreased number of factories

b)

that people bought fewer goods

c)

a movement of people to cities

d)

a share increase in all prices.

34.

Immigrants to the United States between 1890 and 1930 frequently experienced discrimination because they

a)

spoke different languages and had different customs

b)

entered the competition for scarce farmland

c)

were better educated than earlier immigrants

d)

remained more loyal to their homelands than to the United States.

35.

At the turn of the century, why did most immigrants settle in cities?

a)

Jobs were readily available.

b)

Government relief programs required immigrants to settle in cities.

c)

Labor union leaders encouraged unrestricted immigration.

d)

Immigrants were not permitted to buy farmland.

36.

Rural refers to the country where urban refers to

a)

cities

b)

neighborhoods

c)

suburbs

d)

apartments

37.
19th century Chinese immigrants are known for what?
a)
Work in building the Transcontinental Railroad
b)
Work in New York factories
c)
Contributions to the steel industry
d)
Contributions to John D. Rockefeller
38.
During the period from 1880 to 1910, why did the majority of immigrants to the United States settle in urban areas in the North?
a)
The Populists were successful in preventing immigrants from buying farmland.
b)
Rapid industrialization had created many job opportunities.
c)
Labor unions gave financial help to immigrants willing to work in the factories.
d)
Most immigrants had lived in cities in their native countries.
39.
War, poverty, and discrimination are all examples of.......
a)
Pull Factors
b)
Push Factors
c)
Jump Factors
d)
Falling Factors
40.
Economic opportunities, religious freedom, and political and social equality are all examples of...
a)
Push Factors
b)
Pull Factors
c)
Falling Factors
d)
Jump Factors
41.

Which of the following best describes Industrial Revolution?

a)

A change from products made by hand to products made by machines in factories

b)

An industry of revolving around the country

c)

People moving from all around the world to look for gold in California

d)

a place in which everything is perfect

42.

What was a consequence of the Industrial Revolution?

a)

More people moved to the cities to work in factories

b)

More people became farmers

c)

Immigrants were treated equally because there was a work shortage

d)

There were less slaves because plantations weren't profitable anymore

43.

"During the 1800's, the U.S. saw an increase in production."

What can you infer from the previous statement?

a)

The Industrial Revolution STRENGTHENED the U.S. economy.

b)

The Industrial Revolution WEAKENED the U.S. economy.

44.

The time between 1870 and 1900 during which the population and economy grew quickly along with political and corporate corruption.

a)

Laissez-Faire

b)

American Foundations

c)

Gilded Age

d)

Monopoly

45.

The process of moving to another country to take up permanent residence.

a)

Immigration

b)

Nativism

c)

Urbanization

d)

Philanthropy

46.
Which law gave farmland to citizens in order to move to the Great Plains?
a)
Sherman Antitrust Act
b)
Stamp Act
c)
Great Plains Act
d)
Homestead Act
47.

The term gilded means to cover something with a thin layer of...

a)

gold

b)

silver

c)

copper

d)

bronze

48.
J.P. Morgan was the captain of which industry?
a)
Banking
b)
Oil
c)
Railroad
d)
Coal
49.
How did an expansion in railroads contribute to the growth of America?
a)
new cities sprung up along the roads, and people moved West
b)
it made cities more crowded because railroads were constructed over people's farms
c)
the agriculture industry became more powerful
d)
it made the environment cleaner thus the country was more attractive to immigrants
50.

A wealthy person who donates to charity is known as a ...

a)

Philanderer

b)

Philonthrope

c)

Philistine

d)

Philanthropist

51.
What is the movement from rural to urban areas called?
a)
Moving
b)
colonization
c)
inflation
d)
urbanization
52.

These men gained their fortune by shady business actions and poor treatment of their workers.

a)

Captains of Industry

b)

Robber Barrons

c)

Philanthropists

53.
What push or pull factors related to immigration does this political cartoon show?
a)
Immigrants were pulled to the U.S because of political and social equality.
b)
Immigrants were pushed out of their home countries because of war and discrimination.
c)
Immigrants were pushed out of their home countries because of starvation and poverty.
d)
Immigrants were pulled to the U.S. because of the promise of religious freedom. 
54.
What was the biggest barrier for immigrants at the turn of the century trying to assimilate into American society?
a)
they had no skills
b)
they were poor
c)
they did not speak English
d)
they ate different food
55.
Most immigrants entering the U.S. at the turn of the century were coming from ____________________________
a)
Northern and Southern Europe.
b)
Southern and Eastern Europe.
c)
Western and Eastern Europe.
d)
Midwestern Europe.
56.
The technique that allowed Henry Ford to manufacture cars at a more affordable price is the
a)
airplane.
b)
Bessemer process.
c)
steel production.
d)
assembly line.
57.

Why did some workers organize unions?

a)

to help women get factory jobs

b)

to reduce work stoppages

c)

to improve their working conditions

d)

to support large corporations

58.

Identify two major effects of new technology on business during the Industrial Revolution.

a)

Production became faster and less expensive.

b)

Workers made more money and worked fewer hours.

c)

The streets were less traveled and cleaner.

d)

Fewer goods were manufactured and sold.

59.

How did the assembly line allow Ford to sell cars at a cheaper price?

a)

It sped up production.

b)

It slowed down production.

c)

It lowered the cost of supplies.

d)

It helped form better trust with his employees.

60.

Which is a way the Industrial Revolution was furthered by new inventions and technology?

a)

Mass production allowed goods to be produced faster& cheaper

b)

Electricity allowed factories in many locations

c)

Inventions (telephone & telegraph) made communication easier

d)

All of the above

61.

The Transcontinental Railroad connected the __________________________.

a)

north and south

b)

east and west

c)

north and west

d)

east and south

62.

What does the term 'agrarian' mean?

a)

Relating to industry

b)

Relating to farming or agriculture

c)

Relating to technology

d)

Relating to urban life

63.

What is the definition of 'populism'?

a)

A political perspective that gives priority to the interests of ordinary people

b)

A movement to support industrialists

c)

A strategy to increase crop production

d)

A method to reduce debt.

64.

During the late 1800s, America's farmers turned to (a)   to address their challenges.

Choose from the below words

Industrialization

Populism

Mechanization

Urbanization

65.

Populists believed that banks contributed to the problems faced by American farmers by offering loans with higher (a)   . A) Interest rates B) Shipping fees C) Support D) Discounts.

Choose from the below words
Interest rates

Shipping fees

Support

Discounts

66.

What was one suggestion made by populists to help farmers during the financial crisis?

a)

Build silos to store excess grain

b)

Increase taxes on farmers

c)

Reduce the production of silver coins

d)

Implement a barter system.

67.

What was the main focus of William Jennings Bryan's speech that led to his Democratic nomination?

a)

The gold standard

b)

Free Silver Movement

c)

Industrialization

d)

Immigration

68.

The People's Party was closely associated with the (a)   Movement.

Choose from the below words

Granger

Free Silver

Industrial

Labor

69.

A cooperative is an organization that is (a)   and operated by its users for economic benefit.

Choose from the below words

Owned

Managed

Controlled

Supervised

70.

What was the core group of the People's Party?

a)

Industrial workers

b)

Farmers

c)

Bankers

d)

Merchants

71.

Why did rural Louisiana oppose the Bourbon Democrats?

a)
They believed the Bourbon Democrats represented farmers' interests.
b)

Bourbon Democrats were primarily concerned with urban issues.

c)

After the Civil War, Bourbon Democrats did not help farmers.

d)

The Bourbon Democrats introduced Jim Crow laws to the state.

72.

The Peoples Party was also known as the

a)

Democratic Party

b)

Populist Party

c)

Republican Party

d)

Whig Party

73.

Why did the Populist party want unlimited coinage of silver?

a)

To increase the amount of money in circulation to cause inflation

b)

To reduce economic inflation

c)

To raise campaign contribution limits

d)

To decrease the bargaining power of labor unions

74.

What proposals listed below had Populist support? (select three)

a)

8 hour workday

b)

public warehouses for surplus crops

c)

higher lending rates that cause foreclosures of farms

d)

public ownership of railroads

e)

nonrestrictive immigration policies

75.

What does the artist believe about farmers?

a)
Farmers do not contribute to food production.
b)
Farmers should be replaced by technology.
c)
Farmers are a burden on the economy.
d)
Farmers are essential and hardworking contributors to society.
76.

What was a key economic challenge faced by American farmers in the late 19th century?

a)

High wages for farm labor

b)

Overproduction leading to falling crop prices

c)

Government-imposed price controls on crops

d)

Competition with small, family-run businesses

77.

Which of the following best describes the impact of industrialization and mechanization on agricultural prices during the late 1800s?

a)

Prices increased due to higher demand.

b)

Prices decreased due to overproduction and market competition.

c)

Prices remained stable as farmers were able to regulate their output

d)

Prices fluctuated unpredictably due to government regulation.

78.

Which of the following best describes the main goal of the Populist movement?

a)

To support the interests of large businesses

b)

To protect the rights of laborers and farmers

c)

To encourage unrestricted immigration

d)

To promote government non-interference in the economy

79.

Which economic policy did the Populists support to help ease the financial burdens of farmers?

a)

Adopting a high protective tariff

b)

Returning to the gold standard

c)

Free and unlimited coinage of silver

d)

Privatizing the railroad system

80.

Which of the following best explains why Populism gained support among farmers in the late 1800s? Select two.

a)

Farmers faced low crop prices and high railroad rates.

b)

Industrial workers were earning higher wages than farmers.

c)

Farmers benefited from international trade policies.

d)

Farmers were dealing with debt.

81.

The People’s Party (Populist Party) emerged from which of the following?

a)

Discontent among industrial workers

b)

The efforts of the Granger Movement and the Farmers' Alliance

c)

Support from urban businessmen and bankers

d)

The efforts of the National Labor Union

82.

Which of the following were challenges faced by farmers during the Industrial Revolution?

a)

High railroad shipping rates

b)

Declining crop prices

c)

Lack of government support

d)

Heavy debt burdens

e)

All of these above

83.

The economic theory that supported using both gold and silver as monetary standards was called:

a)

Monometallism

b)

Bimetallism

c)

Fiat currency

d)

Gold standard

84.

Which of the following would have not been a member of the Populist Party?

a)

farmer

b)

factory worker

c)

banker

d)

William Jennings Bryan

85.

William Jennings Bryan's famous Cross of Gold speech is about...

a)

The acquisition of colonies to increase employment opportunities.

b)

The creation of a national park system

c)

A policy of bimetalism to help farmers with raising crop prices.

d)

Higher tariffs to protect American goods from foreign cometition.

86.

The Granger movement started helping farmers through education and then through​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
trying to pass laws
industrialization
social gatherings
financial aid
87.

Southern politicians after the end of Reconstruction who opposed social and political equality for African Americans

a)

Platform

b)

Inflation

c)

Bourbon Democrat

88.

a rise in prices and a fall in the purchasing value of money

a)

Platform

b)

Inflation

c)

Bourbon Democrat

89.

the policies supported by a political party

a)

Platform

b)

Inflation

c)

Bourbon Democrat