WorksheetsFinal Exam
Total questions: 82
Worksheet time: 7hrs 50mins
protein
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
lipid
Carbs and lipids are similar because they...
Are a source of energy for living organisms
Help with immune response
build structures such as cellulose and chitin
Contain the same elements (CHO)
Beeswax is a waxy substance that is produced by bees and then harvested by humans for a variety of uses. Ancient Romans used beeswax as a waterproofing agent because it is not water-permeable. Beeswax is which of the following types of organic molecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?
Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteins and carbohydrates
Nucleic acids and carbohydrates
Lipids and nucleic acids
The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements?
Enzymes function best at a specific temperature.
The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action.
There is no connection between the two statements.
What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
The reaction rate will increase.
The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained.
The reaction rate will decrease.
The reaction will stop.
In living cells, enzymes act as catalysts, which may reduce the amount of activation energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. In the graphs below, pathway x is a solid line representing the uncatalyzed reaction. The dotted line shows the catalyzed reaction. Which graph best illustrates the changes in a reaction when the catalyst reduces the amount of energy required?
___________ allow cells to recognize each other and act like ID tags.
Cell Surface Markers
Receptor Proteins
Enzymes
Transport Proteins
F
G
H
J
This a picture of an animal and plant cell placed in a solution. Describe the solution?
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
In which images do the arrows correctly show the direction of diffusion?
A
B
C
D
Which diagrams show active transport. (More than 1 correct answer)
A
B
C
D
Robert Hooke
Matthias Schleiden
A table of four types of carbohydrates is shown. Which list correctly matches the functions to the types of carbohydrates?
Molecules move from high to low concentration
Diffusion
Osmosis
No energy needed
Molecules move from low to high concentration
Energy (ATP) required
Endocytosis
What functions as the on off switch for mRNA transcription
transcription factors
(Gene Expression)
translation factors
transgenic factors
transportation factors
The Himalayan rabbit's habitat has cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, tail, and ears, which are covered in black fur.
A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the back of a Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice pack over the shaved area . The shaved area grew black fur.
Which of these best explains why the hair that grew back where the Ice pack was placed was black and not white?
The white hair mutated to black hair as the rabbit's body temperature decreased.
The coat color changed from white to black with the age of the rabbit.
The genes for black hair were activated by specific temperatures.
White hair only grows during certain times of the year.
CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism . Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence.
How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?
By determining the number of chromosomes in an organism
By identifying how closely related one individual is to another
By calculating the number of genes different organisms produce
By activating or deactivating specific genes
The arctic fox inhabits northern area of North America. The same arctic fox is shown in the drawing during different times of the year.
What causes this change in the fur color?
the genes for fur color change as the arctic fox grows older
gene expression for fur color is regulated by magic
the arctic fox has two traits for fur color that are determined at birth
gene expression for fur color is regulated by temperature
If a gene is expressed, what happens?
nothing happens
the protein for that gene is synthesized
all proteins for the DNA strand are created
In the Miller-Urey experiment, simple gases like methane and ammonia were used to simulate early Earth conditions, producing the building blocks of proteins called ________, which are also the building blocks of life.
amino acids
nucleotides
lipids
carbohydrates
Why are hydrothermal vents considered important in the study of the origin of DNA and early life?
They provided a source of oxygen, which was necessary for DNA formation.
The heat and chemical energy at hydrothermal vents may have created conditions favorable for the formation of organic molecules, including RNA and DNA.
Hydrothermal vents were the first habitats where DNA-based organisms were discovered.
The vents are where scientists believe DNA was first created through volcanic processes.
Scientists have long theorized about the origins of the DNA molecule. One of the theories is that it originated from a molecule whose building block is the same as the building block of DNA. They think this origin of DNA is from a molecule called _________.
RNA
mRNA
tRNA
Label the parts of the Cell Cycle
G1
S phase
G2
Mitosis
Click where DNA replication takes place
Put the Cell Cycle phases in order
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
An abnormal mass of cancer cells is called a
tumor
cyst
lesion
Some components of cells are listed. Which of the components could be observed using a microscope in a prepared slide of leaf epidermal cells but not in a prepared slide of human cheek cells?
Components 2 and 3 only
Components 3 and 4 only
Components 1, 2, and 3 only
Components 1 and 5 only
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
F
G
H
J
F
G
H
J
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
F
G
H
J
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
F
G
H
J
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
DNA is considered a universal genetic code. Which statements are true of the genetic code? Pick THREE correct sentences.
The order of nucleotide sequences of the genetic code is the same for all living organisms.
The components that make up the genetic code are common among all living organisms.
Proteins are assembled from a four letter codon that specifies what amino acids are needed.
The genetic code uses the four nucleotide bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
Amino acid sequences on the genetic code can be determined by the arrangement of the codons.
Delray has dimples and his wife does not. Delray has a homozygous dominant genotype for dimples, and his wife has a homozygous recessive genotype for no dimples.
If Delray and his wife decide to have children, then which Punnett square correctly shows the probability of them having a child with dimples?
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by the homozygous recessive genotype. People with sickle-cell anemia have the genotype aa. People without sickle-cell anemia have either the genotype AA or Aa. A woman with the genotype AA has a child with a man with the genotype aa. What is the probability, as a percentage, that their child will have sickle cell anemia? (a)
When going from mRNA to Amino Acids, this process is called?
Transcription
Translation
Replication
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
Genetic mutations can be...
beneficial, harmful, or neutral
beneficial only
harmful only
neutral only
Which portion of the structure of DNA is responsible for the coding of traits?
DNA strand 1 ATTCGGAAATTT
DNA strand 2
What sequence of nitrogen bases would be found on strand 2 of the DNA model above?
ATTCGGAAATTT
GCCTAAGGGCCC
TAGCCTTAAA
TAAGCCTTTAAA
Codominance occurs in calico cats, which allows for the Black and Tan colors to show. What percentage of the offspring represented in this P square will be calico (black and tan spotted)?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Codominance occurs in calico cats, which allows for the Black and Tan colors to show. What percentage of the offspring represented in this P square will be calico (black and tan spotted)?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Substitution
ATC-GAG
ATC-GTG
Insertion
ATC- GAG
ATC-CGA-G
Deletion
ATC-GAG
ACG-AG
Which of the following is the genotype for a purebreed dominant alleles?
ggYy
GGYy
Ggyy
GGYY
What goes in box 15
aabb
AABB
aaBB
AAbb
Organize these options into the right categories
Creates genetically identical cells
Results 2 cells
Creates genetically unique cells
Results in 4 cells
Diploid 2N
Haploid (N)
Involves two rounds of cell division
Crossing over occurs
Produces gametes
Occurs in somatic cells
Involves one round of cell division
Maintains chromosome number
Essential for growth and repair
Results in diploid (2N) cells
Involved in sexual reproduction.
This technique used to analyze DNA involves the
synthesis of new DNA strands from subunits
separation of DNA fragments based on size
production of genetically engineered DNA molecules
removal of defective genes from DNA
How many copies are made in PCR?
4
2
over a billion
10000
