Cells are the basic unit of _______ and _______ in all organisms.

(a)  

New cells are produced from (a)   .

The cells of eukaryotes have a _______, the cells of _______ do not.

(a)  

Eukaryotic cells also have dozens of specialized structures called (a)   .

Explain the similarities and differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Are human cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Explain your answer.

Match the structure with its function in the cell: controls most cell processes and contains DNA.

(a)  

Match the structure with its function in the cell: uses energy from food to make high-energy compounds.

(a)  

Match the structure with its function in the cell: provides support and protection for the cell.

(a)  

Match the structure with its function in the cell: maintains cell shape with a network of protein filaments.

(a)  

Match the structure with its function in the cell: uses energy from sunlight to make food molecules.

(a)  

Match the structure with its function in the cell: assembles components of the cell membrane and modifies some proteins.

(a)  

Match the structure with its function in the cell: attaches carbohydrates and lipids to proteins using enzymes.

(a)  

Match the structure with its function in the cell: these two organelles contain their own DNA.

(a)  

Identify the labeled part of the cell: 16.

(a)  

Identify the labeled part of the cell: 17.

(a)  

Identify the labeled part of the cell: 18.

(a)  

Identify the labeled part of the cell: 19.

(a)  

Plants have cells that contain chloroplasts. Why must their cells contain mitochondria as well?

What are two functions of the cell membrane?

What happens to a high concentration of water molecules on one side of a cell membrane during the process of diffusion?

During the process of (a)   , a molecule such as glucose must use a protein channel to cross through a membrane.

For a molecule to move from an area of low concentration to high concentration, the process of (a)   must occur.

Identify each diagram as showing an isotonic, a hypotonic, or a hypertonic solution inside the cell and describe how the concentration of water molecules will affect the shape of the cell.

Why do multicellular organisms contain specialized cells?

Give two examples of specialized cells and explain the cell’s unique role in the human body.

On the lines provided, place the following terms in order from smallest to largest level of organization: tissues, organ systems, organs, individual cells.

(a)  

Is your tongue a tissue, organ, or an organ system? Explain your answer.

The larger the cell, the more trouble it has moving water and nutrients through the (a)   .

A cell’s (a)   determines the rate at which it uses food and oxygen.

To avoid growing too large, cells regulate their size by (a)   .

What can happen if a cell were to get too large for the amount of DNA it has?

How does a cell’s ratio of surface area to volume change as the cell grows larger?

On the lines provided, label each event with one of the four phases of mitosis in which it occurs. A phase may be used more than once.

(a)  

The chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell.

(a)  

Chromosomes become visible.

(a)  

Centrioles separate.

(a)  

Sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes.

(a)  

Nuclear envelope re-forms.

(a)  

The nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope breaks down.

(a)  

Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber.

(a)  

The individual chromosomes move apart.

(a)  

What is the function of cyclin in eukaryotic cells?

Explain the importance of internal regulators.

How do external regulators respond to events outside the cell?

What causes the abnormal growth of cancer cells?

Match the following terms with their definitions:

The distinct, threadlike structures that contain the genetic information of the cell are called (a)   .

Molecules tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in a process known as (a)   .

When some substances can pass across them but others cannot, biological membranes are said to have (a)   .

The process by which a protein channel allows molecules to cross the cell membrane is called (a)   .

The process that requires an input of energy to help molecules move from an area of lower concentration to an area of greater concentration is called (a)   .

The M phase is also known as (a)   .

Each pair of chromatids is attached at an area called the (a)   .

The three phases of (a)   are G1, S, and G2.

The (a)   is the series of events that cells go through as they divide and grow.

The (a)   is a fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes.

(a)   is the division of the cell nucleus.

The four phases of mitosis are _______, _______, _______, and _______.

(a)  

The division of the cytoplasm during the M phase is called (a)   .

Proteins known as (a)   regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.

(a)   is a disorder in which some of the body’s own cells lose the ability to control growth.