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WorksheetsBiology Final Fall 2024 (Pre tests and final reviews
Total questions: 235
Worksheet time: 3hrs 54mins
cell with no membrane bound structures and no
nucleus
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Plant
Animal
clear gel-like fluid in cells that holds the
organelles
Cytoplasm
Microtubules
Centrosome
Vacuole
organelle that contains digestive enzymes to
breakdown harmful substances
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Lysosome
Centriole
where DNA is stored in a eukaryotic cell
vacuole
mitochondria
lysosome
nucleus
where proteins are made
flagella
ribosome
lysosome
centriole
firm, fairly rigid structure found outside of
plants for support
cell membrane
cell wall
golgi apparatus
chloroplast
breaks down food into energy that the cell can
use in a process called cellular respiration
chloroplast
ribosome
mitochondria
nucleus
cell with membrane bound organelles and a
nucleus
prokaryote
eukaryote
bacteria
peroxisome
structure that packages and modifies proteins
smooth ER
golgi apparatus
rough ER
lysosome
organelle in eukaryotic cells near the nucleus
that has ribosomes attached to it
rough ER
smooth ER
golgi apparatus
lysosome
Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration
high to low
low to high
high to high
low to low
Active transport across a cell membrane from low to high concentration, requires
energy (ATP)
no energy
water
oxygen
A general term for the various types of active transport that move particles into a cell by enclosing them in a vesicle made out of plasma membrane.
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Osmosis
Diffusion
A form of bulk transport in which materials are transported from the inside to the outside of the cell in membrane-bound vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Osmosis
Diffusion
Proteins in the cell membrane serve what major function ?
They provide the framework of the cell
They serve as attachment site
They help with transport of materials in and out of the cell
They allow cells to communicate with other cells
Which type of Passive transport uses the help of a transport protein?
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Simple diffusion
What is the name of structure 2?
Glucosamine
Phospholipid bilayer
Hydrophrenous
Protein channel
The dependent variable (the variable measured) should be on the
y-axis
x-axis
The independent variable (the variable that is changed or manipulated by the scientist) should be on the
y-axis
x-axis
What is the independent variable?
Type of fertilizer
Average plant height
The effect of fertilizer on plant height
The effect of plant height on fertilizer
What is the title of this graph?
Type of fertilizer
Average plant height
The effect of fertilizer on plant height
The effect of plant height on fertilizer
What is the dependent variable?
Type of fertilizer
Average plant height
The effect of fertilizer on plant height
The effect of plant height on fertilizer
Part A is...
Electron
Neutron
Nucleus
Orbit/Shell
Proton
Part B is...
Electron
Neutron
Nucleus
Orbit/Shell
Proton
Part C is...
Electron
Neutron
Nucleus
Orbit/Shell
Proton
Part D is...
Electron
Neutron
Nucleus
Orbit/Shell
Proton
Part E is...
Electron
Neutron
Nucleus
Orbit/Shell
Proton
Select the macromolecule best represented by the following;
Steak
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid or Fat
Select the macromolecule best represented by the following;
Potato
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid or Fat
Select the macromolecule best represented by the following;
Butter
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid or Fat
Select the macromolecule best represented by the following;
Rice
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid or Fat
Select the macromolecule best represented by the following;
Salmon
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid or Fat
The chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is call a(n)
covalent bond
ionic bond
metallic bond
electron bond
An ionic bond is formed when
Valence electrons are shared.
Valence electrons surround the cations.
Valence electrons are transferred between atoms.
Valence electrons are completely transferred between two metals.
A dependent variable is __________.
What is measured in an experiment
What you change in an experiment
A prediction about an experiment
What stays the same in an experiment
What is the main reason scientists have constants?
So scientists know their results came only from the independent variable and nothing else
So scientists stay safe
So scientists can record data easier
So the experiment is clear and easy to understand
A possible explanation for a problem that has not yet been tested is known as a ___________.
data
theory
hypothesis
fact
Which type of variable in an experiment is the one being deliberately changed by the scientist?
dependent variable
independent variable
data
constants
Which statement BEST compares a function of proteins and lipids in a human cell?
Proteins allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell while lipids store genetic information for cells.
Proteins catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell while lipids allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell.
Proteins provide energy for cellular processes while lipids catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell.
Proteins store genetic information for cells while lipids provide energy for cellular processes.
A student makes a Venn diagram to compare the functions of carbohydrates and lipids.
Which cellular function of carbohydrates and lipids should be placed in the middle section of the Venn diagram?
Catalyst for chemical reactions.
Structural support of cell walls.
Hormone production.
Energy storage.
If a cell structure has a specific JOB, then it is most likely a
Carbohydrate
Protein
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Which type of biological macromolecule is the main component of the plasma membrane?
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Which cell organelle has the main job of creating macromolecules via photosynthesis?
Golgi App.
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Rough ER
Which cell organelle(s) play a role in making and trafficking (transporting) proteins? Choose all that apply.
Golgi App.
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Rough ER
Which cell organelle has the main job of breaking down carbohydrates/sugars to make ATP energy?
Golgi App.
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Rough ER
Plants are autotrophs which means
They must make their own macromolecules (carbs, proteins, lipids) in order to survive.
They consume carbohydrates, but make every other macromolecule
They consume other organisms in order to gain macromolecules
They can choose if they want to make macromolecules or consume them
Consumers are heterotrophs which means
They must make their own macromolecules (carbs, proteins, lipids) in order to survive.
They consume carbohydrates, but make every other macromolecule
They consume other organisms in order to gain macromolecules
They can choose if they want to make macromolecules or consume them
Identify the PRODUCTS in the chemical equation for photosynthesis below.
Sunlight + H2O + CO2 ---> O2 + Glucose
Sunlight, H2O, CO2
O2, Glucose
Glucose, Sunlight
H2O, CO2, O2
As a consumer, you must eat carbohydrates & other macromolecules to create energy, you also must breathe in oxygen for those processes required to breakdown carbohydrates. What is a byproduct that you breathe out from this process?
Oxygen
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Glucose
The mitochondria in your cells require macromolecules (carbs, proteins, lipids) to break down to create ATP energy, where do these macromolecules come from?
The air you breathe
The food you eat
They are made via photosynthesis in your cells
They are absorbed from sunlight
Which of the following are required for plants to undergo photosynthesis? Choose all that apply.
Sunlight
Soil
Water
Oxygen
Which of the following DNA nucleotides are paired with the correct corresponding DNA nucleotide? (mark all that apply)
Adenine with Thymine
Guanine with Cytosine
Thymine with Cytosine
Adenine with Uracil.
Uracil with Thymine
You are given the DNA strand 5'ATGCTCAGCTGA3'. What is the corresponding DNA strand?
5'UACGAGUCGACU3'
5'TACGAGTCGACT3'
3'UACGAGUCGACU5'
3'TACGAGTCGACT5'
Where is DNA made into RNA?
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
Cell Membrane
Where is RNA made into protein?
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
Cell Membrane
Is this a strand of DNA or RNA?
TACGGACTA
DNA
RNA
Impossible to tell
Select the RNA sequence or sequences for Glutamine.
CGU
CAG
CUA
CAA
Find the amino acid that this segment of RNA codes for: GAC
Arginine
Asparagine
Aspartic Acid
Alanine
In DNA, C pairs with G , and A pairs with
U
A
C
T
How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acid?
1
2
3
4
ATTGAGCC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a
Meiosis produces cells that are HAPLOID meaning:
3N (have 3 sets of chromosomes)
2N (have a pair of chromosomes)
1N (have 1 set of chromosomes
0N: have no chromosomes
Meiosis produces:
2 daughter cells that are identical
2 daughter cells that are unique
4 daughter cells that are identical
4 daughter cells that are unique
During early meiosis I, genes are swapped between homologous chromosomes to create new gene combinations in the gametes. This process is called:
mutation
mitosis
crossing over
replication
The Father of Genetics is ____. He studied many traits in pea plants and developed 3 laws of Inheritance based on his observations.
Charles Darwin
Gregor Mendel
James Watson
Randy Mendel
In Pea plants, Green pods is dominant over yellow. The correct genotype for a heterozygous green plant would be:
GG
gg
Gg
GY
Which term means having two genes of the same type for a trait?
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Hybrid
Which of the following is a PHENOTYPE for flower color in Pea plants?
Pp
ATC GGC
Purple
Wrinkled
When one allele is not dominant over another, resulting in a blended phenotype for heterozygous offspring is considered....
Incomplete Dominance
Codominance
Complete Dominance
Sex-linked Traits
When one allele is not dominant over the other, resulting in both traits expressed in a heterozygous individual.....
Incomplete Dominance
Codominance
Complete Dominance
Sex-linked Traits
In mice, coat color is incompletely dominant. Black and white are homozygous. Brown mice are heterozygous.
What is the genotype for a brown mouse?
BB
Bb
bb
In some cattle, coat color is shown by incomplete dominance. Red coats are represented as RR, white coats are represented as WW, and a mixture of the two colors is called roan.
What is the genotype for Roan color?
RR
RW
WW
RRWW
Co-dominance
Complete Dominance
Sex-linked Traits
What is the inheritance of color blindness an example of?
Co-dominance
Incomplete Dominance
Complete Dominance
Sex-linked Traits
Hemophilia is a recessive trait found on the X chromosome, and is indicated by an "H" next to an affected X chromosome.
Which is the genotype of a carrier female?
XY
XHXH
XHX
XHY
Which of the following explains why color blindness is more common in males? Pick two.
The mutant allele for color blindness is carried by the X chromosome.
The mutant allele for color blindness is carried by the Y chromosome.
Males only have one X chromosome, so either allele is expressed.
Female has two X chromosomes, so either allele is expressed.
Are males or females more likely to be carriers for sex-linked traits?
Males
Females
Both
A group of organisms of the same species in any given area...
population
community
individuals
community
Group of populations in an area.
Organism
Ecosystem
Community
Biosphere
A(n) __________________ includes all the living and non-living factors in an area.
ecosystem
population
community
biosphere
The source of all energy in an ecosystem comes originally from the _________.
consumers
producers
sun
organisms
An organism eats berries and fish. It is a...
consumer (herbivore)
producer
decomposer
consumer (omnivore)
Why are there so few top predators present in any ecosystem?
Because there is too much energy in the system
Because there is not enough energy remaining in the ecosystem
Because they do not need energy
Because all predators are solitary animals
Based on the diagram who would be a primary consumer?
Rabbit
Owl
Fox
Grass
The maximum number of individual organisms that an ecosystem can comfortably support is
exponential growth
carrying capacity
population
tolerance
J curve - as population gets larger, it also grows faster. This occurs because there are more individuals reproducing as the population grows and is known as
exponential growth
logistic growth
stable growth
birth rate
Which limiting factor would increase due to the number of individuals in a population?
Unusual weather
Natural disaster
Disease
What is an invasive species?
An organism that is new to an environment that has positive effects on the environment.
An organism that is native to an environment that has negative effects on the environment.
An organism that is new to an environment that has negative effects on the environment.
An organism that is native to an environment that has positive effects on the environment.
What occurs at the checkpoint in G1?
Ensure the cell has grown large enough & the original DNA is undamaged
Ensure the DNA has replicated properly and is undamaged
Ensure the cell has grown large enough and has duplicated the organelles
Ensure the cell is still able to carry out normal functions
What can occur to an organism if the cell cycle is not regulated properly?
The organism will require more food energy because of the cell growth will increase
The cell cycle will proceed faster and create more cells causing it to grow faster
Some cells will go through apoptosis but nothing will change for the organism
Cancer can be caused and non-functioning cells can be produced
What is the result of cells going through Mitosis?
2 genetically identical daughter cells - Diploid Somatic Cells
2 genetically unique daughter cells - Haploid Somatic Cells
1 genetically unique cell - Diploid Somatic Cell
2 Genetically identical daughter cells - Diploid Gamete Cells
What do budding, binary fission and spore formation have in common ?
They require two parents
They require only one parent cell
They produce only one daughter cell
They are all forms of sexual reproduction
What are the end products of binary fission?
Two independent daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other
One daughter cell that is genetically different from the parent
Two independent daughter cells that are different from each other
Two daughter cells that are genetically different from the parent cell
During budding, what is usually formed?
A bud from the daughter cell
New DNA from the parent cell
An outgrowth from the parent organism
New stems and roots
One disadvantage of asexual reproduction is
Genetic diversity is increased which makes individuals too different from one another
Genetic diversity is decreased which can lead to single factors wiping out the population
Nonexistent, genetic diversity is irrelevant to population success
The overpopulation of the population
Keep body temperature the same as the external temperature
Decrease body temperature below the homeostatic setpoint
Increase body temperature to return to homeostatic setpoint
Regulate blood pressure to increase temperature
What is another way to describe "homeostasis"?
Internal Stability
External Equality
Complete Efficiency
Correct Setpoints
Which of the following is not regulated by homeostasis?
body temperature
blood sugar
blood pH
body movements
This graph shows an example of...
Blood sugar regulation
Homeostasis
Negative feedback
Positive feedback
Homeostasis is the way the body
maintains a stable internal environment
controls blood sugar
controls the brain
controls the endocrine system
What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?
natural selection
mutation
camouflage
adaptation
Charles Darwin observed that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics, this supports the hypothesis that these finches
are twins
acquired traits through use and disuse.
all eat the same type of food.
descended from a common ancestor.
The practice by which humans select plants or animals for breeding based on desired traits is known as?
Evolution
Natural Selection
Artificial Selection
Darwinism
What is the process by which organisms that inherit advantageous traits tend to reproduce more successfully than other organisms do?
Evolution
Natural Selection
Artificial Selection
Darwinism
Which of the following species would have the most potential for selective breeding?
A species of fruit tree that is very sensitive to climate changes.
A species of grain particularly susceptible to fungal disease.
A species of grass with a large number of genetic variations within the species.
A species of birds reproduces slowy.
Which of the following methods would be best for determining the evolutionary relationships among a group of species?
comparing only the embryological features of the species
examining each species’ lineage in the fossil record individually without comparing the lineages to each other
comparing the DNA sequences and anatomical features of the species
Ten light tan mice and ten black mice are placed in a desert environment. What will happen to the black population over time?
It will increase
It will decrease
It will stay the same
There is no way to tell
The combined genetic information of a population forms a..
Genotype
Gene Pool
Phenotype
Bottle Neck
Two firefly species have different light patterns to attract mates. One species' light will not attract another species to mate.
This is an example of what kind of barrier?
timing
behavior
geography
variation
The three species pictured share a common ancestor and have adapted so that each lives in a different environment. This is an example of
Law of Superposition
Evolutionary Arms Race
Divergent Evolution
Convergent Evolution
The process by which organisms keep t heir internal conditions fairly constant is called
metabolism
evolution
photosynthesis
homeostasis
A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is called a(an)
organ
division of labor
tissue
organ system
What animals eat both producers and consumers?
omnivores
autotrophs
chemotrophs
herbivores
There are 250 oak trees per square kilometer somewhere in Indiana. To which population characteristic does this information refer?
geographic distribution
age structure
population density
growth rate
An organism that cannot make its own food is called a(an)
autotroph
producer
chemotroph
heterotroph
Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule is a quick source and the main source of energy?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule is responsible for insulation, long term energy storage, and makes up the cell membrane?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule acts as an enzyme, fights disease, and builds up muscle and bone?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the
pH of the reaction.
temperature of the reaction.
products of the reaction.
speed of the reaction.
What does letter B represent?
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosome
cytoplasm
cell membrane
What does letter C represent?
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosome
cytoplasm
cell membrane
What does letter G represent?
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosome
cytoplasm
cell membrane
What does letter E represent?
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosome
cytoplasm
cell membrane
Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
golgi apparatus
vacuole
mitochondria
ribosome
endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use?
golgi apparatus
vacuole
mitochondria
ribosome
endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle acts as a storage area for the cell?
golgi apparatus
vacuole
mitochondria
ribosome
endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle regulates which materials enter and leave the cell?
cell membrane
cytoplasm
mitochondria
ribosome
cell wall
Which of the following contains a nucleus?
prokaryote
eukaryote
bacteria
organelles
What is t he movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
osmosis
diffusion
active transport
photosynthesis
What is an organelle found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
chloroplasts
mitochondrion
ribosome
cytoplasm
What is the diffusion of water?
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport
photosynthesis
What process is being described: light energy is used to transform water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugar?
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
osmosis
diffusion
What process is being described: sugar and oxygen are used to produce energy for the cell in the form of ATP?
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
osmosis
diffusion
A baby song bird hatches from its egg with both parent songbirds watching.
All living things reproduce
All living things respond to their environment (stimuli)
All living things use energy
All living things grow
When you step out into the cold, your body shivers in order to keep its temperature at 98.6F.
All living things use energy
All living things contain cells
All living things respond to their environment (stimuli)
All living things grow
What is a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?
Variation
Adaptation
Overproduction
Descent with Modification
Which of the following finch beaks is adapted for eating hard seeds?
The long, curved beak
The short, curved beak
The long, thin beak
The short, thick beak
Who came up with the theory of evolution through natural selection?
Carolus Linnaeus
Charles Darwin
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Principal Watson
What did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations on the Galapagos Islands?
Different species of finches lived on the different islands.
All the species of finches lived on one island.
Identical species of finches lived on the different islands.
Finches did not live on the Galapagos Islands.
The white feathers of a snowy owl allow it to blend in with its environment during the snowy, winter months. This is an example of:
variation.
overproduction.
adaptation.
descent with modification.
What does "the fittest" mean in evolution?
The strongest
The longest lived
The fastest
The most reproductively successful
Which of the following statements is correct?
DNA and RNA must stay inside the cell nucleus.
DNA stays in the cell nucleus and RNA can leave the nucleus.
RNA stays in the cell nucleus and DNA can leave the nucleus.
DNA and RNA can go into and out of the cell nucleus.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
each one with two original strands.
each one with two new strands.
each one with one new strand and one original strand.
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands.
What process synthesizes mRNA from DNA?
Translation
Transcription
DNA Replication
What is the main function of a tRNA molecule?
It carries the instructions to make proteins
It forms part of the ribosomes
It strings together complementary RNA and DNA strands
It brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Leucine
Stop codon
What process is going on in this photo?
Transcription
Translation
DNA Replication
All the above
