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WorksheetsPre-Comp Prep (Grammar)
Total questions: 200
Worksheet time: 2hrs 51mins
What is the simple subject in the sentence below?
The dog's name is Lassie.
name
dog's name
Lassie
the dog's name
dog's
What is the simple subject in the sentence below?
Have Kat and Tyron studied American history this year?
Kat, Tyrone
American history
history
Kat
have Kat and Tyrone
What is the simple subject in the sentence below?
The actor from the show signed an autograph.
actor
show
actor from the show
autograph
from
What is the complete subject in the sentence below?
The actor from the show signed an autograph.
the actor from the show
the actor
from the show
the actor from the show signed
an autograph
What is the complete subject in the sentence below?
Some teachers will not assign homework to students.
some teachers never
some teachers
homework
students
some
What is the simple predicate in the sentence below?
Some teachers will not assign homework to students.
will not assign homework
will not assign
will assign
assign homework
not assign
What is the complete predicate in the sentence below?
In 1942, pioneers and their animals traveled on the Oregon Trail.
traveled
traveled on the Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail
In 1842
their animals traveled
What is the simple predicate in the sentence below?
She was the first female governor in the United States.
was
she was
was the first female governor
was the first female governor in the United States
What is the simple predicate in the sentence below?
The students at the school are getting new computers.
are getting
are
getting
school
What is the complete predicate in the sentence below?
The students at the school are getting new computers.
at the school are getting new computers
are getting new computers
school are getting new computers
getting
Which sentence has a compound subject?
Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte were both authors.
The hotel guests either read or nap in the afternoon.
Althea words hard during the week.
The mountain lion ran by and scratched me.
Which sentence has a compound predicate?
The chef bakes and decorates the wedding cakes.
Both owls and raccoons hunt at night.
The brothers sing together in a band.
Ruth and Betty put the children to bed.
Identify the kind of sentence:
Which teams are playing at the stadium tonight?
declarative
interrogative
imperative
exclamatory
Identify the kind of sentence:
My sister went to sleep.
declarative
interrogative
imperative
exclamatory
Identify the kind of sentence:
Leave the building immediately!
declarative
interrogative
imperative
exclamatory
Identify the kind of sentence:
Get me some food.
declarative
interrogative
imperative
exclamatory
Identify the kind of sentence:
What a great view!
declarative
interrogative
imperative
exclamatory
Sentence or fragment?
Went to the store across the street to get some ice cream
sentence
fragment
Sentence or fragment?
My sister fell
sentence
fragment
Sentence or fragment?
For Christmas last year with my family
sentence
fragment
Should prepositional phrases and adverbs be part of the simple subject or simple predicate?
yes
no
Should prepositional phrases and adverbs be part of the complete subject or complete predicate?
yes
no
How many abstract nouns?
Her courage and determination inspired all the people at the school.
1
2
3
4
How many concrete nouns?
With excitement, Tina walked her dog to the park.
1
2
3
4
Which of these is a compound noun?
chicken nugget
blue sky
monkey's tail
angry man
Select all compound nouns
sailboat
airplane
brother-in-law
computer cart
internet
How many plural nouns?
The women saved their money to purchase a new Honda minivan.
1
2
3
4
5
How many plural nouns?
Two flocks of geese scared the people away from the park.
1
2
3
4
5
Identify the collective noun.
A hive of bees attack our class on the field trip :(
1
2
3
0
Which of the words below is a proper noun?
pacific ocean
whales
postcard
couch cushion
Which of the words below is a common noun?
christmas
ballet
flag
bulldog
shoes belonging to many dancers
dancer's shoes
dancers' shoes
dancers shoes
restroom belonging to multiple men
men's restroom
mens' restroom
mens restroom
Select the sentence that has a possessive noun underlined.
The new girl's really cool.
The student's essays are great.
My friend's in town for the day.
My work's not complete yet.
Select the sentence that has a contraction underlined.
Her hamster's not in its cage.
The boy's mother is a tall woman.
The hamburger's bun was stale.
The boy's team has practice today.
Identify the appositive phrase:
The architect Frank Lloyd Wright designed a house over a waterfall.
Frank Lloyd Wright
the architect
designed a house
over a waterfall
Identify the appositive phrase:
Everyone likes Mr. Smith, our new band director.
Everyone
Mr. Smith
our new band director
likes
Identify the appositive phrase:
The silversmith Paul Revere warned people that British troops were going to attack.
The silversmith
Paul Revere
warned the people
British troops
Identify the appositive phrase:
A starchy vegetable, the potato is a surprising source of vitamins.
a starchy vegetable
the potato
is a surprising source
of vitamins
Identify the appositive phrase:
The InstantPot, a modern version of a pressure cooker, is a popular tool.
The InstantPot
restrictive
The InstantPot
non-restrictive
a modern version of a pressure cooker
restrictive
a modern version of a pressure cooker
non-restrictive
Identify the appositive phrase:
The nutrient Vitamin A is critical to good sight.
The nutrient
restrictive
The nutrient
non-restrictive
Vitamin A
restrictive
Vitamin A
non-restrictive
Identify the appositive phrase:
Gary Paulsen's best work, Hatchet is about survival.
Gary Paulsen's best work
restrictive
Gary Paulsen's best work
non-restrictive
Hatchet
restrictive
Hatchet
non-restrictive
Identify the appositive phrase:
Jim, my best friend, always makes me laugh.
restrictive
non-restrictive
Identify the type of pronoun underlined:
This is my jacket.
interrogative
indefinite
subject
object
demonstrative
Identify the type of pronoun underlined:
Are you asking anyone to the dance this weekend?
interrogative
indefinite
subject
object
demonstrative
Identify the type of pronoun underlined:
What is for homework?
interrogative
indefinite
subject
object
demonstrative
Identify the type of pronoun underlined:
Bill and I will join you later.
interrogative
indefinite
subject
object
possessive
Identify the type of pronoun underlined:
Give the papers to them, please.
demonstrative
indefinite
subject
object
possessive
Identify the type of pronoun underlined:
Our family took a lovely vacation.
demonstrative
indefinite
subject
object
possessive
Choose the sentence with INCORRECTLY written subject/object pronouns.
Kate and I are excited for the concert.
Beckham and him joined the soccer team.
Leo and they ate lunch together.
Brody and we are done with our work.
who, whom, whose, which, what
possessive pronouns
interrogative pronouns
demonstrative pronouns
indefinite pronouns
personal pronouns
my, mine, your, yours, his, her, hers, our, ours, its, their, theirs
possessive pronouns
interrogative pronouns
demonstrative pronouns
indefinite pronouns
personal pronouns
I, me, you, he, him, she, her, it, they, them, we, us
possessive pronouns
interrogative pronouns
demonstrative pronouns
indefinite pronouns
personal pronouns
this, that, these, those
possessive pronouns
interrogative pronouns
demonstrative pronouns
indefinite pronouns
personal pronouns
someone, anybody, everybody, one, all, both, some, several, no one, etc.
possessive pronouns
interrogative pronouns
demonstrative pronouns
indefinite pronouns
personal pronouns
Which of the following is a list of personal subject(ive) pronouns?
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
me, you, him, her, it, us, them
my, your, his, her, its, our, their
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves
Which of the following is a list of personal object(ive) pronouns?
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
me, you, him, her, it, us, them
my, your, his, her, its, our, their
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves
Identify the antecedent of the underlined pronoun.
The croissant was wonderful. Its outside was golden brown.
croissant
outside
golden brown
wonderful
Identify the antecedent of the underlined pronoun.
The documentary made me feel bad for polar bears because their environments are being destroyed.
documentary
polar bears
environments
me
This type of pronoun will be used after a preposition.
subject pronoun
object pronoun
possessive pronoun
interrogative pronoun
Identify the prepositional phrase(s) in the sentence below. (There may be more than one)
Under the books on the desk, you will find an envelope with your name on it.
under the books
on the desk
an envelope
with your name
on it
Identify the prepositional phrase(s) in the sentence below. (There may be more than one)
The driver of the sleigh stopped in the woods near the lake for a few minutes.
of the sleigh
stopped
in the woods
near the lake
for a few minutes
Identify the prepositional phrase(s) in the sentence below. (There may be more than one)
Since last week, we have planted flowers along the fence and behind the house.
Since last week
have planted flowers
along the fence
and behind the house
behind the house
The way you can tell the difference between prepositions and adverbs is that ______ have objects and ______ do NOT have objects.
prepositions; adverbs
adverbs; prepositions
Is the underlined word an adverb or a preposition?
We sat behind a woman with a big hat on.
adverb
preposition
Is the underlined word an adverb or a preposition?
A fire engine just sped past.
adverb
preposition
Is the underlined word an adverb or a preposition?
A beautiful tree grew outside my window.
adverb
preposition
Is the underlined word an adverb or a preposition?
She looked out and smiled.
adverb
preposition
Identify the antecedent of the underlined word.
The kids saw a stray dog. The stray dog followed them down the street.
kids
stray dog
street
happily, sadly, carefully
are examples of this type of adverb
Adverbs of Time
Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of Negation (making something the opposite)
Adverbs of Place
always, often, sometimes, now
are examples of this type of adverb
Adverbs of Time
Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of Negation (making something the opposite)
Adverbs of Place
here, away, outside, inside
are examples of this type of adverb
Adverbs of Time
Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of Negation (making something the opposite)
Adverbs of Place
not, hardly, barely, never
are examples of this type of adverb
Adverbs of Time
Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of Negation (making something the opposite)
Adverbs of Place
Is the underlined word an adverb or a preposition?
I’m sure he let the dog in last night.
adverb
preposition
Is the underlined word an adverb or a preposition?
I’m sure he let the dog in the house.
adverb
preposition
Which sentence has a preposition underlined?
You can always find a jar of peanut butter inside that cupboard.
The rain came pouring down quickly.
We went there to try some Indian food.
The weather was certainly miserable outside.
To _____ can we turn in a time of need?
Who
Whom
The crowd cheered when the principal gave Stacy and (her, she) the trophies.
Her
She
Identify the antecedent of the pronoun: The teacher collected the students' supplies and sorted them.
teacher
students
supplies
them
Identify the object of the preposition in the sentence below:
She walked onto the stage to sing.
stage
she
sing
walked
Identify the object of the preposition in the sentence below:
The little girl wants to sit between us.
girl
wants
sit
us
Identify the object of the preposition in the sentence below:
The nurse spoke quickly on the telephone.
nurse
quickly
telephone
spoke
Identify the object of the preposition in the sentence below:
Several college students sat against the wall.
students
sat
wall
several
The object of a preposition answers ___ or ___ (select 2 answers)
who
what
where
when
how
a prepositional phrase consists of:
preposition + object(s) of the preposition
just the object(s) of the preposition
preposition + verb
object(s) of the preposition + preposition + verb
Which of the following is NOT a compound preposition?
in front of
on top of
along with
is going with
Which boxes did you put in the van?
Comparative Adjective
Demonstrative Adjective
Descriptive adjective
Interrogative Adjective
Those people are waiting for the doctor.
Demonstrative Adjective
Descriptive Adjective
Interrogative Adjective
Comparative Adjective
I saw the most beautiful flowers at the market.
Comparative Adjective
Descriptive Adjective
Interrogative Adjective
Superlative Adjective
That joke was more hilarious than the other one.
Comparative Adjective
Descriptive Adjective
Interrogative Adjective
Superlative Adjective
That joke was funnier than the other one.
Comparative Adjective
Descriptive Adjective
Interrogative Adjective
Superlative Adjective
The stunning, modern building stood tall.
Comparative Adjective
Descriptive Adjective
Interrogative Adjective
Superlative Adjective
Adjectives describe pronouns and (a) .
Identify the object of the preposition:
The gift was sent to her and her sister.
her
her, her sister
gift
was sent
Identify the adverb: We went to the art museum yesterday.
to
went
museum
the
yesterday
Identify the adverb: I often write stories about historical events.
I
often
write
about
historical
Identify the adverb: My brother Kevin has been our starting pitcher for nearly three years.
starting
pitcher
for
three
nearly
An adverb modifies all EXCEPT...
adverbs
adjectives
verbs
nouns
Adverbs modify...
verbs, adjectives, and adverbs
nouns, verbs, and adjectives
verbs ONLY
verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and nouns
verbs and adjectives ONLY
Prepositions have objects. Adverbs do not have objects.
True
False
Good is an adjective. Well is an adverb.
True
False
Identify the adverb: Felipe was very cheerful for a Monday morning.
very
cheerful
was
for
morning
Identify the underlined word: The lonely student sat by himself in the cafeteria.
adverb
adjective
Identify the underlined word: This class did very well on their test.
adverb
adjective
Who is the girl sitting over there?
interrogative adjective
personal pronoun
demonstrative adjective
interrogative pronoun
demonstrative pronoun
Which jeans fit you best?
demonstrative adjective
interrogative pronoun
interrogative adjective
demonstrative pronoun
Whose car are we taking on the vacation?
possessive pronoun
interrogative adjective
demonstrative adjective
interrogative pronoun
demonstrative pronoun
_____ going to the game this weekend?
Who's
Whose
Identify the antecedent of the pronoun: The team had its first game on Sunday.
team
game
its
Sunday
Do nonrestrictive appositives require commas?
yes
no
Do restrictive appositives require commas?
yes
no
a, an, the
(a)
a verb with no direct object (doesn’t answer whom? or what?)
Transitive Verb
Intransitive Verb
Linking Verb
Auxiliary Verb
Action Verb
a verb that expresses action
Transitive Verb
Intransitive Verb
Linking Verb
Auxiliary Verb
Action Verb
a helping verb; helps the main verb to express an action or state of being
Transitive Verb
Intransitive Verb
Linking Verb
Auxiliary Verb
Action Verb
a verb with a direct object (answers whom? or what?)
Transitive Verb
Intransitive Verb
Linking Verb
Auxiliary Verb
Action Verb
Is the verb in the sentence transitive or intransitive?
She advised me to consult a doctor.
Transitive
Intransitive
Is the verb in the sentence transitive or intransitive?
Let’s invite your cousins as well.
Transitive
Intransitive
Is the verb in the sentence transitive or intransitive?
I waited for an hour.
Transitive
Intransitive
Is the verb in the sentence transitive or intransitive?
I received your letter in the morning.
Transitive
Intransitive
Is the verb in the sentence transitive or intransitive?
The plane landed safely.
Transitive
Intransitive
How do you tell whether a verb is transitive or intransitive?
A transitive verb has a _, and an intransitive verb does not.
(a)
You can tell a verb is a _ verb if you replace it with a form of be (am, is, are, was, were, etc.) and the sentence still makes sense.
(a)
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
Mike looked exhausted after working all night.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
He tasted the pie and told me it needed more sugar.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
I am exhausted after today.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
The soup tasted weird.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
Jenny looked in the mirror.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
That plan sounds crazy, but it could work.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
They were getting their food when I arrived.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
Cassatt had learned a lot about materials and techniques from her friend, Edgar Degas.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Is the underlined word a linking, action, or helping verb?
The group will be performing in the talent show.
linking verb
action verb
helping verb
Which sentence contains an indirect object?
The music pounded loudly in his ears.
The judge sentenced the criminal to six years in prison.
Oliver scribbled his crush a poem on the back of his worksheet.
Dr. Selznick referred her patient to a specialist.
Which sentence contains an indirect object?
Lydia picked some flowers in the backyard.
Malik threw his sister the ball during their game.
Olivia told a joke at the beginning of her presentation.
Bart voted in the last election for the first time ever.
Which sentence does NOT contain an indirect object?
The jeweler sold the couple two lovely rings.
Roberto refunded her the cost of the unused ticket.
The student council assigned our class the clean-up project.
She took her car for a spin on the open road.
True or false: If a sentence has a direct object, the verb has to be an action verb.
True
False
True or false: If a sentence has a predicate nominative, the verb must be a linking verb.
True
False
Fill in the blanks in the correct order:
Sentences with direct/indirect objects have _______ verbs.
Sentences with predicate adjectives/nominatives have _______ verbs.
action, linking
linking, action
helping, linking
action, helping
Identify the verb phrase in the sentence:
During the blizzard, the children will remain in the house.
will remain
during
blizzard
remain
will
Identify the part of speech of the underlined word in the sentence:
Your lab partner will be Michael.
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Adjective
Predicate Nominative
Object of a Preposition
Identify the part of speech of the underlined word in the sentence:
I need more time to finish my project.
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Adjective
Predicate Nominative
Object of a Preposition
Identify the part of speech of the underlined word in the sentence:
The instructor offered her students more practice after class.
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Adjective
Predicate Nominative
Object of a Preposition
Type the helping verb(s) in the following sentence:
The buses had left late from the auditorium.
(a)
Type the helping verb(s) in the following sentence:
Mason's sisters have played many sports.
(a)
Type the helping verb(s) in the following sentence:
They were talking to Sheila about the game.
(a)
Identify the direct object.
Maria baked bread in her fancy, new oven.
Maria
baked
bread
oven
Identify the direct object.
Avyn arrived at rehearsal on time.
Avyn
arrived
rehearsal
time
no direct object
Identify the direct object.
My friend brought gifts to the party.
friend
gifts
party
my
Identify the direct objects. (more than one)
In the wild, bears eat plants and meat for nutrition.
bears
plants
meat
wild
nutrition
Identify the direct objects. (more than one)
Mr. Sanchez speaks Spanish, English, and German fluently.
German
English
Spanish
fluenty
Mr. Sanchez
Identify the direct object.
The Carlisle twins raise rabbits at their farm.
rabbits
Carlisle
twins
raise
farm
Identify the direct object.
Freddy strummed the guitar peacefully for his new girlfriend.
girlfriend
strummed
Freddy
peacefully
guitar
Identify the direct object.
Sasha's older brother studied math and science at his college.
Sasha
brother
math, science
college
studied
Identify the direct object.
The female kangaroo carries her young in a pouch.
kangaroo
carries
young
pouch
female
Identify the indirect object.
Miguel threw Charlie the ball.
Miguel
Charlie
ball
threw
no indirect object
Identify the indirect object.
The Riveras got their dog a new collar.
Riveras
collar
dog
new
no indirect object
Identify the indirect object.
The company gave my dad a promotion for all his hard work.
company
promotion
work
dad
no indirect object
Identify the indirect object.
Carter brought the kittens their dinner.
Terry
kittens
dinner
their
no indirect object
Identify the indirect object.
Brayla bought flowers for her grandmother.
Brayla
flowers
grandmother
her
no indirect object
Identify the indirect object.
Gabriella offered me money for my old bicycle.
Gabriella
money
me
bicycle
no indirect object
Identify the main verb in the following sentence: She is singing beautifully.
is
singing
is singing
beautifully
Identify the auxiliary verb in the sentence:
She is singing beautifully.
is singing
is
singing
beautifully
Find the subject complement.
Tell whether it's a predicate adjective (PA) or a predicate nominative (PN).
The zebra was fast.
fast - PA
fast - PN
is - PA
zebra - PN
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
My sister is an extraordinary singer.
singer - PA
extraordinary - PA
extraordinary - PN
singer - PN
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
My mom's friend is talented at her job.
job - PN
job - PA
talented - PA
talented - PN
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
His neighbor was scared of the robber.
scared - PA
scared - PN
robber - PA
robber - PN
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
My little brother is sick today.
today - PN
sick - PN
today - PA
sick - PA
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
Santa Claus is a jolly man!
jolly - PA
man - PN
jolly - PN
man - PA
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
The best player on the team is suspended for today's game.
suspended - PA
suspended - PN
team - PN
team - PA
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
Rudolph is excited about the night!
excited - PN
night - PN
night - PA
excited - PA
Find the subject complement and tell whether it's pred. adj. (PA) or pred. nom. (PN).
The other reindeer are very ready.
ready - PN
very - PN
ready - PA
very - PA
Does this sentence have a predicate adjective or predicate nominative?
The small child is lost.
Predicate nominative
Predicate adjective
Does this sentence have a predicate adjective or predicate nominative?
My sister's necklace was a gift.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
Does this sentence have a predicate adjective or predicate nominative?
Cookies are delicious.
Predicate adjective
Predicate nominative
Does this sentence have a predicate adjective or predicate nominative?
The whole 7th grade class was late for school.
predicate nominative
predicate adjective
Does this sentence have a predicate adjective or predicate nominative?
An 11th grader was the yearbook editor.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
Does this sentence have a predicate adjective or predicate nominative?
My cousin Janet's friends are the editors of Vogue.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
Identify the predicate nominative in the sentence.
Sally is a teacher.
Identify the predicate nominative in the sentence.
Tom and Huck were best friends.
What is the predicate adjective?
His brownies are famous in her neighborhood.
What is the predicate nominative?
His specialty is homemade raisin bread.
What is the predicate adjective?
That bread is incredibly tasty.
The underlined phrase is which part of speech in the following sentence?
The author of the book is famous for his work.
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Adjective
Predicate Nominative
The underlined phrase is which part of speech in the following sentence?
The main character in the story is a brave knight.
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Adjective
Predicate Nominative
Which of these come after a linking verb? (Select 2 answers)
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Adjective
Predicate Nominative
Which of these can come after an action verb? (Select 2 answers)
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Adjective
Predicate Nominative
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
Ants at the picnic are pests.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
The workers built a house.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
A tornado's winds are dangerous.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
The new mother fed her seven infants formula from a bottle.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
Tiger Woods has shown the world his talent at golf.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
The science field trip was sensational.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
Mother Teresa was a religious woman.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
The actor's face looks familiar.
action verb - transitive
linking verb
helping verb
action verb - intransitive
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
Every culture has its own myths, legends, and fairytales.
action verb - transitive
linking verb
helping verb
action verb - intransitive
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
Enrico looked into the next room.
action verb - transitive
linking verb
helping verb
action verb - intransitive
Identify the underlined word in the following sentence:
The ancient Roman gladiator was a powerful fighter.
predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object
Find the action verb in the following sentence:
I really do not appreciate all the gossip.
really
do appreciate
do not appreciate
appreciate
Find the action verb in the following sentence:
Several singers have memorized the lyrics of a song.
singers
have
memorized
have memorized
Identify the underlined word in the sentence:
Little Miss Muffet sat on a tuffett.
linking verb
helping verb
action verb - transitive
action verb - intransitive
