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25-26 Earth's spheres, layers, rocks,

Total questions: 173

Worksheet time: 4hrs 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

2.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

3.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

4.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

5.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

6.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

7.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

8.

Which sphere does the picture best represent?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

9.

How many spheres can be found in the picture?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

10.
All living things on earth are part of the....
a)
Biosphere
b)
Geosphere
c)
Hydrosphere
d)
Cryosphere
11.
Water evaporating from the surface of a lake moves from the...
a)
Atmosphere to the geosphere 
b)
Geosphere to the hydrosphere 
c)
Hydrosphere to the atmosphere 
d)
Atmosphere to the hydrosphere 
12.
 One example of how the hydrosphere interacts with the ____________ is when waves hit rocks. 
a)
 Atmosphere
b)
 Geosphere
c)
Biosphere
d)
Hydrosphere
13.

Which of the following is found in the earths Geosphere

a)

Soil

b)

Rocks

c)

Minerals

d)

All of the Above

14.

Oceans, rivers, lakes, and clouds are all part of which of Earth's spheres?

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Geosphere

15.
This sphere includes the continents, the ocean floor, all the rocks on the surface, and all of the sand in the deserts. 
a)
Hydrosphere 
b)
Biosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Geosphere 
16.
Composed of all the water on or near the earth
a)
Hydrosphere 
b)
Biosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Geosphere 
17.
Body of air surrounding our planet. 
a)
Hydrosphere 
b)
Biosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Geosphere 
18.
Which sphere would contain the sand at the beach?
a)
geosphere
b)
atmosphere
c)
hydrosphere
d)
biosphere
19.
Which sphere would contain whales and dolphins?
a)
geosphere
b)
biosphere
c)
hydrosphere
d)
atmosphere
20.
Which sphere would contain the oxygen that we breathe?
a)
geosphere
b)
atmosphere
c)
biosphere
d)
hydrosphere
21.
Which sphere contains all of Earth's water?
a)
geosphere
b)
biosphere
c)
atmosphere
d)
hydrosphere
22.
This is part of the....
a)
Geosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Hydrosphere
d)
Cryosphere
23.
Hydro = 
a)
Sphere
b)
Earth
c)
Life
d)
Water
24.

All water on Earth is part of the...

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Geosphere

c)

Cryosphere

d)

Atmosphere

25.
This volcano is an example of something you would find in the:
a)
Atmosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Hydrosphere
d)
Geosphere
26.
The Four Spheres of Earth
a)
are all connected
b)
have nothing to do with one another
c)
exist on Venus and Mars
d)
don't affect human life
27.
This picture best describes which connection?
a)
Atmosphere-Biosphere
b)
Hydrosphere-Atmosphere
c)
Hydrosphere-Geosphere
d)
Geosphere-Biosphere
28.
Bio = 
a)
Earth
b)
Sphere
c)
Life
d)
Water
29.
This sphere is composed of all the living things 
a)
Hydrosphere 
b)
Biosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Geosphere 
30.
Geo = 
a)
Earth
b)
Sphere
c)
Life
d)
Water
31.
The geosphere includes all but
a)
rocks
b)
mountains
c)
lava
d)
plants
32.

The prefix "bio" comes from a Greek word that means what?

a)

Life

b)

Water

c)

Earth

d)

Ground

33.

How much of the planet is covered by water?

a)

20%

b)

50%

c)

70%

d)

90%

34.

What do we call scientists who study the EARTH?

a)

Archaeologist

b)

Geologist

c)

Biologist

d)

Astronomers

35.
When living things breathe, they interact with which of Earth's spheres? 
a)
Geosphere 
b)
Hydrosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Biosphere 
36.
When plants draw nutrients from the soil, the interaction is between which two spheres? 
a)
The atmosphere and the geosphere 
b)
The geosphere and the hydrosphere 
c)
The hydrosphere and atmosphere 
d)
The biosphere and the geosphere 
37.

What does the word part ATMOS mean?

a)

gases

b)

rock

c)

ice

d)

water

38.

Atmosphere

a)

living things on Earth

b)

crust on Earth

c)

gases surrounding Earth

d)

water on Earth

39.

The hydrosphere does not include water in gaseous states

a)

True

b)

False

40.

Which one is part of the geosphere?

a)

Elephants

b)

Clouds

c)

Lakes

d)

Mountains

41.

When two systems work together it's called

a)

component

b)

interaction

c)

input

d)

output

42.

You and I are part of the

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

geosphere

d)

hydrosphere

43.

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen are part of the

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

geosphere

d)

hydrosphere

44.
The _______ includes gases like nitrogen and oxygen, as well as dust, rain, and cloud droplets.  
a)
Geosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Cryosphere
45.
What is the main source of energy that drives the Earth systems?   
a)
Atmosphere
b)
Energy
c)
Heat from a Light
d)
 Heat from the Sun
46.
The hydrosphere contains all of Earth’s _________. 
a)
 Heat 
b)
Water
c)
Air
d)
Sun
47.

Which of these answers describes Earth’s atmosphere?

a)

All living and once living things.

b)

The mixture of gasses that surrounds the earth.

c)

The mixture of nickle and iron below the earth's surface.

d)

All the fresh and salt water on the earth's surface.

48.

Which of the following does NOT belong in the atmosphere?

a)

tornado

b)

wind

c)

snow

d)

carbon dioxide

49.

Which of the following does NOT belong in the hydrosphere?

a)

corals

b)

snow

c)

glaciers

d)

oceans

50.

Which of the following is NOT part of the biosphere?

a)

tree

b)

oxygen

c)

corals

d)

bacteria

51.
What might happen if the earth didn't have an atmosphere? 
a)
Everything would go flying off into space 
b)
The seasons would be longer 
c)
The earth's rotation would stop 
d)
We wouldn't be able to breathe 
52.

Which layer is shown in red?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

53.

Which layer is made (mostly) of LIQUID iron and nickel?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

54.

Sally is researching the differences that exist in each layer of the Earth. Which of the following best describes Earth's crust?

a)

Solid, rocky

b)

Liquid, metallic

c)

Semisolid, convecting

d)

Dense, extremely hot

55.
The layer that lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core. 
a)
mantle
b)
outer core
c)
inner core
d)
crust
56.

Which layer of the Earth is the THINNEST?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

57.

Which layer of the Earth is the THICKEST?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

58.

Which layer is the hottest?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

59.

Which layer is the coolest?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

60.
The core is mostly made up mostly of which elements?
a)
Oxygen and Silicon
b)
Silicon and Magnesium
c)
Nickel and Iron
d)
Iron and Magnesium
61.
Why is the inner core solid?
a)
its unknown
b)
what it's made of
c)
the pressure
d)
it is colder than the outer core
62.
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
a)
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
b)
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
c)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
d)
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
63.

Scientists study ages of rocks to better understand the Earth's past and make predictions about its future

a)

True

b)

False

64.

What two layers make up the core?

a)

Lithosphere and

Asthenosphere

b)

Inner and Outer core

c)

Lithosphere and Outer Core

d)

Inner core and Mantle

65.

What layer is made of mostly iron?

a)

Mantle and crust

b)

Mantle and core

c)

Inner core and outer core

d)

Crust only

66.

Which of Earth's layers is best described as liquid metal?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

67.

Which of the following correctly lists the layers from innermost to outermost?

a)

inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, crust

b)

lower mantle, upper mantle, crust, inner core, outer core

c)

lower mantle, inner core, upper mantle, outer core, crust

d)

crust, inner core, lower mantle, upper mantle, outer core

68.

As you travel from the crust to the core, how would temperature, pressure and density of the material change?

a)

They would all increase

b)

They would all decrease.

c)

Nothing, the layers are made of the same material throughout

d)

Temperature would decrease, but pressure and density would increase

69.
Which layer of Earth has the GREATEST density?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
70.
Which layer of the earth is under the highest pressure?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
71.

Which layer is shown in red?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

72.

Which layer is shown in orange?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

73.

Which shows the order of the layers from COOLEST to HOTTEST?

a)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b)

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

c)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

d)

Trick question! All of the layers are the same temperature!

74.

Which layer of the Earth is the THINNEST?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

75.
What is the core made of?
a)
steel
b)
iron 
c)
aluminum
d)
iron and nickel
76.
What describes the outer core?
a)
solid
b)
liquid
c)
viscous
d)
gas
77.
Which layer of the Earth is the only liquid layer?
a)
Outer Core
b)
Inner Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Lithosphere
78.
What happens to pressure as we move from the crust to the inner core?
a)
Pressure Decreases
b)
Pressure Increases
c)
Nothing
79.
What happens to temperature as we move from the crust to the inner core?
a)
Decreases
b)
Increases
c)
Nothing
80.
Less dense materials rise to the top.
a)
True
b)
False
81.

The Earth is divided into layers based on ________ and _______.

a)

density, temperature

b)

heat, pressure

c)

what they are made of, how they act

d)

their depth and what they are made of

82.

The outer core is thicker than the mantle.

a)

True

b)

False

83.

We live on the ________ layer of the Earth.

a)

hottest

b)

dentist

c)

thinnest

d)

softest

84.
This layer is the innermost layer of the Earth.
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
85.
This layer is directly below the mantle.
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
86.
This layer is a solid ball of metal.
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
87.

A diagram of Earth's layers is provided. Which letter in the diagram identifies the layer scientists believe to be in a liquid state?

a)

Location A

b)

Location B

c)

Location C

d)

Location D

88.

Oceans and other bodies of water are found on which layer of Earth?

a)

Outer core

b)

Crust

c)

Mantle

d)

Inner core

89.

Which letter correctly identifies the area of Earth called the crust?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

90.

As we travel deeper into the Earth which of the following is true:

a)

A. Pressure goes up and temperature goes down

b)

B. Pressure goes down and temperature goes up

c)

C. Both pressure and temperature go up

d)

D. Both pressure and temperature go down

91.

Which Layer of the Earth has human life on it?

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Crust

92.

Which Layer of the Earth is the thinnest?

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Crust

93.

Which Layer of the Earth is made of molten (melted) Nickel and Iron?

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Crust

94.

Which layer of the Earth is the largest layer?

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Crust

95.

What are the two types of Earth's Crust?

a)

Oceanic and Continental

b)

water and land

c)

ocean and dessert

d)

crust and mantle

96.
What layer is shown by letter D?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer core
d)
Inner core
97.
What layer is shown by letter B?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer core
d)
Inner core
98.
What layer is shown by letter A?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer core
d)
Inner core
99.

Oceanic crust is _____ than continental crust.

a)

denser

b)

less dense

100.

Which layer of Earth is in the liquid state of matter?

a)

Crust

b)

Inner Core

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Outer Core

101.

Which of the following would be an accurate feature to include in a model of Earth?

a)

A crust that is the thickest layer

b)

An inner core that contains oceans

c)

A thin mantle in the center of the model

d)

A liquid outer core below the mantle

102.

Which of Earth’s layers has the lowest density?

a)

Crust

b)

Inner core

c)

Mantle

d)

Outer core

103.

How many distinct layers does Earth have?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

104.

Which layer of the Earth is thought to be liquid?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

105.

Which is the hottest layer of the Earth? (It is also solid!)

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

106.

What are the two different types of crust?

a)

Continental and oceanic

b)

Continental and icelandic

c)

Oceanic and marine

d)

Atomic and continental

107.

Which type of crust is more DENSE than the other?

a)

Oceanic is more dense than continental.

b)

Continental is more dense than oceanic.

108.

The solid inner core is thought to be made of what?

a)

Iron and nickel

b)

Carbon and oxygen

c)

Oxygen and aluminum

d)

Dirt

109.

Which layer of the Earth is liquid Iron and Nickle?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

110.

Which layer of the Earth is a dense solid ball of Iron and Nickle?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

111.

Temperature _____________________ as you go deeper into the earth.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

goes up and down depending on the layer

d)

stays the same

112.

Pressure ______________________ as you go deeper into the Earth.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

goes up or down depending on the layer

d)

stays the same

113.

Density ______________________ as you go deeper into the Earth.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

goes up or down depending on the layer

d)

stays the same

114.

What causes part of the Core to be a solid when it is hot enough to melt?

a)

Extreme pressure from the Earth

b)

Air temperatures

c)

The magnetism of the metals won't let it melt

d)

Ocean temperatures

115.
Which layer of Earth is located above the outer core?
a)
crust
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
lithosphere
116.
A dense ball of solid iron and nickel.
a)
crust
b)
inner core
c)
mantle 
d)
outer core
117.
Which layer of Earth is located above the outer core?
a)
crust
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
lithosphere
118.
Is the outer core a liquid or solid?
a)
liquid
b)
solid
119.
True or False. The Earth's crust is thicker than the inner layers.
a)
True 
b)
False
120.
What two metals make up the core?
a)
aluminum and silver
b)
iron and nickel
121.
True or False. The mantle is hotter than the crust.
a)
True
b)
False
122.
What layer is the thickest?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
123.
A student is building a model of the layers of the Earth. Which material would best represent the crust?
a)
group of magnetic balls
b)
styrofoam packing pellets
c)
bag of shredded paper
d)
thin layer of plaster
124.
There are two types of crust: Oceanic and ____________
a)
Continental
b)
Convection
c)
Conduction
d)
Correction
125.

Has two types- continental and oceanic

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

126.

Which of the following correctly lists the layers from innermost to outermost?

a)

inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, crust

b)

lower mantle, upper mantle, crust, inner core, outer core

c)

lower mantle, inner core, upper mantle, outer core, crust

d)

crust, inner core, lower mantle, upper mantle, outer core

127.
This layer is the innermost layer of the Earth.
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
128.
This layer is a solid ball of metal.
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
129.
This layer includes all dry land and the Ocean floor.
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
130.

Solid ball of metal

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

131.
Thin layer that has two layer called oceanic and continental.  
a)
Crust
b)
Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Atmosphere
132.

Has convection currents

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

133.

liquid metal

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

134.

Which model BEST represents the layers of the Earth?

a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

135.

liquid iron and nickel

a)

crust

b)

outer core

c)

inner

d)

mantle

136.
Why is the Inner Core solid?
a)
Extreme Heat
b)
High Pressure
c)
All the layers are solid
d)
It's made of rock
137.

The layers of Earth are in the order they are in because:

a)

It keeps us safe

b)

It holds the Earth together

c)

Its pretty

d)

The different layers have different densities

138.

What layer is a shell of liquid iron nickel that creates the Earth's magnetic field?

a)

Outer Core

b)

Mantle

c)

Crust

d)

Inner Core

139.

If we can't travel to the center of the Earth, how do we know so much about it?

a)

Seismic waves, made by earthquakes and man-made explosions

b)

special camera scopes sent through all the layers of the earth

c)

very long thermometers that can reach to the inner core

d)

super powerful x-rays

140.

We live on the ________ layer of the Earth.

a)

hottest

b)

dentist

c)

thinnest

d)

softest

141.
There are how many different types of crust?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
5
d)
3
142.

Which shows the order of the layers from COOLEST to HOTTEST?

a)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b)

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

c)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

d)

Trick question! All of the layers are the same temperature!

143.
The three groups of rocks are classified by
a)
How they form
b)
Color
c)
Grain size
d)
Chemical Composition
144.
This rock was formed when molten rock cooled into a solid. What type of rock is it?
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Sedimentary Rock
145.
When you watch a volcano erupt molten rock, you are seeing _____
a)
Lava
b)
Magma
c)
Mineral Crystals
d)
Igneous Rocks
146.
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
147.

True or False: Once a rock is sedimentary, it cannot ever become an igneous rock.

a)

True

b)

False

148.

The process by which metamorphic rock changes to igneous rock begins with _______.

a)

melting

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

crystallization

149.

The process by which metamorphic rock changes to igneous rock begins with _______.

a)

melting

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

crystallization

150.
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
erosion and deposition
c)
melting and cooling
151.
During the rock cycle, what forms when the magma cools?
a)
igneous rocks
b)
sedimentary rock
c)
metamorphic rock
d)
foliated rock
152.

Sandstone is an example of...

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Igneous

153.

What is underground molten rock?

a)

Lava

b)

Magma

c)

Soil

d)

Intrusive

154.

Obsidian is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

155.

What is it called when layers pile up and press down on the material below?

a)

Compaction

b)

Layering

c)

Cementation

d)

I don't know

156.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
157.

This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time deep underground. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

158.
True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
159.

Any rock that forms from another rock as a result of changes in heat and/or pressure is a _____________.

a)

chemical rock

b)

igneous rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

metamorphic rock

160.

Limestone is a sedimentary rock. During the rock cycle, limestone is changed into marble, a metamorphic rock. The processes that act on limestone and change it into marble are

a)

weather and erosion

b)

heat and pressure

c)

compacting and cementing

d)

melting, cooling, and hardening

161.

If a lot of heat is applied to a rock, it will melt and turn into ________.

a)

magma

b)

rocks

c)

sediment

d)

metamorphic rocks

162.

If heat and pressure inside Earth cause the texture and crystal structure of a rock to change, what new material is formed?

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

chemical rock

163.

Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand that are deposited, compacted, and cemented together?

a)

Coal

b)

igneous

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

164.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
165.
The process in which sediment are fused or glued together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
166.

Sediment goes through _________________ to become sedimentary rock.

a)

heat and pressure

b)

compacting and cementing

c)

melting and cooling

167.

Limestone is a common sedimentary rock found in texas. How did limestone most likely form?

a)

lave from volcanic eruptions cooled and hardened

b)

Oceanic deposits were layered and cemented together

c)

Extreme heat and pressure inside earth melted the sediment

d)

Partial melting of rocks into magma that fossilized

168.

Which type of rock is formed from INTENSE heat and pressure (often deep inside the Earth)?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

169.

Igneous rock be changed into sedimentary rock when igneous rocks

a)

that form mountains get pushed together

b)

are weathered and the fragments deposited

c)

melt to form layers of different minerals

d)

put out by volcanoes create new land

170.
A metamorphic rock changes into an igneous rock by what two processes?
a)
Melting and cooling
b)
Extreme heat and pressure
c)
Compaction and cementation
d)
Weathering and erosion
171.
a rock that formed from layers of sediments
a)
metamorphic
b)
igneous
c)
sedimentary
d)
magma
172.
Sedimentary and igneous rocks go through _____________________________ to become metamorphic rocks.
a)
weathering and erosion
b)
heat and pressure
c)
compacting and cementing
d)
melting and cooling
173.
What are the two types of crust
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and upper
c)
lower and upper
d)
pizza and subway