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WorksheetsUnit 6 Ch 20- Radioactivity & Nuclear Reactions
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 18mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
_________ are nuclei that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
a)
isotopes
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
nuclear fusion
e)
tracer
2.
_______________________is a positively-charged particle that is composed of two protons and two neutrons.
a)
alpha particle
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
nuclear fusion
3.
_____________________ is a radioactive isotope that doctors use to locate molecules in an organism, commonly used to diagnose cancer.
a)
tracer
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
nuclear fusion
4.
_________________________ attractive force that acts between protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus.
a)
strong force
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
nuclear fusion
5.
_________________________ is the process of changing one element into a different element.
a)
transmutation
b)
radioactivity
c)
isotopes
d)
nuclear fusion
e)
tracer
6.
_________________________ is the process of 2 or more nuclei combining to form a nucleus of larger mass.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
tracer
7.
___________________________ is the process of nuclei decaying and emitting matter and energy.
a)
radioactivity
b)
transmutation
c)
isotopes
d)
nuclear fusion
e)
tracer
8.
___________________________ is a high-energy electron that is emitted when a neutron decays into a proton.
a)
beta particle
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
nuclear fusion
9.
________________________ is a series of repeated fission reaction is caused by the release of additional neutrons in every fission.
a)
chain reaction
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
nuclear fusion
10.
_____________________ is the amount of time it takes for half the nucleus in a sample of isotopes to decay.
a)
half-life
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
nuclear fusion
11.
___________________ is a process of splitting a nucleus into 2 or more smaller nuclei.
a)
nuclear fission
b)
transmutation
c)
radioactivity
d)
isotopes
e)
nuclear fusion
12.
Which of the following best describes what is occurring in the provided image?
a)
A proton is released, collides with a nucleus causing it to split, releasing energy & additional protons which will go on to split addtional nuclei
b)
Neutron is released, collides with a nucleus causing it to split, releasing energy & additional neutrons which will go on to split addtional nuclei
c)
A electron is released, collides with a nucleus causing the nucleus to combine, releasing energy & additional electrons which will go on to split addtional nuclei
13.
Which type of reaction is shown ?
a)
Nuclear fission chain reaction
b)
Nuclear fusion chain reaction
14.
Which process is responsible for the tremendous energy released by the sun?
a)
Nuclear fission
b)
Nuclear fusion
15.
Which describes all nuclei with more than 83 protons?
a)
Radioactive
b)
Repulsive
c)
Stable
16.
This process uses heavy isotopes such as Uranium & Plutonium, like those used in the bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
a)
Nuclear Fission
b)
Nuclear Fusion
17.
Which of the following particles is represented by a helium nucleus emitted during nuclear decay?
a)
Gamma Ray
b)
Alpha particle
c)
Beta particle
d)
Neutrons
18.
Which of the following nuclear processes is the produces the most energy?
a)
Alpha particle
b)
Beta particle
c)
Gamma Ray
d)
Fusion
e)
Fission
19.
Which of the following nuclear processes causes the most ionization, but is the most easily stopped?
a)
Alpha particle
b)
Beta particle
c)
Fission
d)
gamma ray
20.
Which type of nuclear reaction describes how nuclear power plants operate?
a)
Nucelar fission
b)
Nuclear fusion
c)
Gamma rays
d)
None of the above
21.
Which of carbon’s three isotopes are radioactive?
a)
Carbon-12
b)
Carbon-13
c)
Carbon-14
d)
none of carbon's isotopes are radioactive
22.
Which of the following processes does not cause transmutation?
a)
gamma
b)
alpha
c)
beta
d)
all of the above
23.
Which of the following describes the size of protons and neutrons compared to electrons ?
a)
The mass of protons & neutrons are smaller than the mass of e-
b)
The mass of protons & neutrons are the same as the mass of e-
c)
The mass of the protons & neutrons are larger than the mass of e-
d)
None of the above
24.
Which of the following nuclear processes occurs when the weak force causes a neutron to decay into a proton, resulting in the nucleus emitting an electron?
a)
Alpha decay
b)
Beta decay
c)
Gamma ray
d)
Nuclear fusion
25.
Energy emitted from nuclear decay is called nuclear radiation.
a)
True
b)
False
26.
Which of the following describes what powered the nuclear bomb that hit Hiroshima ?
a)
Fission of Uranium-235
b)
Fusion of Uranium-235
c)
None of the above
27.
Which of the following is the minimum thickness needed to stop alpha particle?
a)
Lead bricks
b)
aluminum foil
c)
Piece of paper
d)
None of the above
28.
Which of the following is the minimum thickness needed to stop an beta particle?
a)
Lead bricks
b)
Aluminum foil
c)
Piece of paper
d)
None of the above
29.
Which of the following is the minimum thickness needed to stop a gamma ray ?
a)
Lead bricks
b)
Aluminum foil
c)
Piece of paper
d)
None of the above
30.
Helium-3 and Helium-4 can be described by which of the following terms?
a)
beta particles
b)
nuclear decay
c)
isotopes
d)
half-lives
31.
Which of the following processes doesn't alter the mass of a parent isotope?
a)
Alpha Decay
b)
Beta Decay
32.
Carbon-14 undergoes radioactive decay in the reaction shown. Determine the type of radiation emitted & describe what is happening to the nucleus during this reaction.
a)
Alpha radiation is emitted in this equation because the atomic number increases. This means a helium-4 atom is being emitted.
b)
Beta radiation is emitted in this equation because the atomic number increases. This means a neutron decays into a proton which occurs by emitting an electron.
c)
Gamma radiation is emitted in this equation because the atomic number increases. This means a neutron decays into a proton which occurs by emitting an electron.
33.
Select one of the following which specifically explains why high temperatures are needed for fusion reactions to occur? Your answer should explain the type of energy temperature is and what occurs during fusion. (hint: think of charges/magnets)
a)
High temperatures are needed for fusion reactions to occur because a large amount of kinetic energy is needed to overcome the repelling positive charges of the combining nuclei.
b)
High temperatures are needed for fusion reactions to occur because a small amount of kinetic energy is needed to overcome the repelling positive charges of the combining nuclei.
c)
High temperatures are needed for fusion reactions to occur because a large amount of kinetic energy is needed to overcome the repelling negative charges of the combining nuclei.
d)
High temperatures are needed for fusion reactions to occur because a small amount of kinetic energy is needed to overcome the repelling negative charges of the combining nuclei.
34.
Which of the following best explains why large nuclei tend to be radioactive? Your answer must include the types of force(s) involved and the meaning of radioactive. You will select more than one answer to make a complete answer.
a)
Large nuclei tend to be radioactive because their large amounts of protons are spread far apart.
b)
Large nuclei tend to be radioactive because their large amounts of protons tend to be held very tightly.
c)
The protons being held very tightly makes it difficult for the strong force to hold the atom together, making it likely that the nucleus will decay.
d)
The large amounts of protons spread out makes it difficult for the strong force to hold the atom together, making it likely that the nucleus will decay.
35.
Select the answer which best describes what happens to the atom during beta decay.
a)
In beta decay a neutron decays into a proton & an electron is released. Since protons & electrons have the same mass, the mass stays the same.
b)
In beta decay a neutron decays into a proton & an electron is released. Since protons & neutrons have the same mass (& the mass of an electron is negligible), the mass stays the same.
c)
In beta decay a proton decays into a neutron & an electron is released. Since protons & neutrons have the same mass, the overall mass stays the same
d)
In beta decay a neutron decays into an electron, which both have the same mass resulting in the overall mass going unchanged.
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