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Evolution Review

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which is necessary for speciation to occur?
a)
adaptation
b)
mass extinction
c)
isolation
d)
acquired traits
2.

According to the diagram, which organism is LEAST related to the others?

a)

5

b)

4

c)

3

d)

2

3.
The evolution of a new species from an existing species is ____.
a)
natural selection
b)
isolation
c)
speciation
d)
genetic variation
4.
When a population becomes divided by an event such as a new river forming, ____________ has occurred.
a)
Differentiation 
b)
Isolation
c)
Adaptation
d)
Separation
5.

Which best describes punctuated equilibrium?

a)

Speciation occurs due to natural selection

b)

Speciation occurs due to isolation

c)

Speciation occurs slowly in geologic time, followed by long periods with very fast evolutionary change.

d)

Speciation occurs suddenly and rapidly in geologic time, followed by long periods with little evolutionary change.

6.
Describes a patter of long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change
a)
convergent evolution
b)
coevolution
c)
punctuated equilibrium
d)
adaptive radiation
7.

What is the common ancestor of Letters A, B, C, D, E?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

8.
The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as
a)
speciation
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
gradualism
d)
microevolution
9.

Select the best answer based on the image.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

10.

Genetic diversity is decreased through this process.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

11.

Genetic Diversity is increased through this process.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

12.

Select the best answer based on the image.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

13.

A population of flowers on one side of a river transports pollen to flowers on the other side of the river

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

14.

Someone steps on some bugs and randomly removes their alleles from the population. This is an example of

a)

gene flow

b)

genetic drift

c)

speciation

d)

allele frequency

15.

Which group on the cladogram arose FIRST?

a)

Theropods

b)

Allosaurus

c)

Robin

d)

Velociraptor

16.

According to the diagram, what is the common ancestor of ALL organisms on the phylogenetic tree?

a)

B

b)

C

c)

D

d)

E

17.

Which letter represents the most recent common ancestor of sponges and mushrooms?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

18.

Which is an example of evolution by genetic drift, and NOT by natural selection? 

a)

A female frog lays hundreds of eggs in a clutch, but only a few of the eggs hatch and develop into adult frogs

b)

A small population of bark beetles is carried in driftwood to a new island, where the members reproduce rapidly

c)

A population of lizards develops longer tongues when their food sources change

d)

The bright red feathers of a male cardinal help attract mates

19.

Charles Darwin realized that

a)

the birds on the Galapagos Islands were identical.

b)

all life is related and descended from a common ancestor

c)

all life is not related and did not descended from a common ancestor.

d)

the oldest layer in the fossil record is located on the top.

20.
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 
a)
Evolution 
b)
Variation 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection 
21.
Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?
a)
The function of these bones is the same in all animals
b)
They live in similar environments
c)
They have a common ancestor
d)
All organisms resemble humans
22.
A few deer wander out of their native woods into a completely new park where no deer had ever been before. They go on to create an entirely new population.
a)
Genetic Drift
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Non-random mating
d)
Mutation
23.

Reindeer from a rancher in Alaska escape from their pen during an enormous snow storm. After their escape, they mate with wild caribou that are migrating across the land. The offspring of these have traits for short legs and have tame behavior.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

c)

Non-Random Mating

d)

Natural Selection

24.

A drastic reduction in the size of a population that can change allele frequencies is called

a)

the bottleneck effect

b)

the founder effect

c)

the gene flow effect

d)

the Thanos effect

25.

The Amish have a higher frequency of polydactyly (extra fingers) in their community than the general population. This is due to the allele for extra fingers being present in the group that started the Amish community.

a)

The difference in allele frequency is due to genetic flow.

b)

The difference in allele frequency is due to the founder effect.

c)

The difference in allele frequency is due to a bottleneck.

d)

The difference in allele frequency is due to speciation.

26.
A  population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide.  Some cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray.  What can BEST be inferred from this example?
a)
species will adapt no matter what the environment
b)
environment has no effect on the survival of an organism
c)
Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce
d)
Insecticides cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation
27.

What number is the common ancestor of C and D

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

28.

What is the common ancestor of Letters A, B, C, D, E?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

29.

Who is the closest relative to the brown bear?

a)

Giant panda

b)

Dog

c)

Lesser panda

d)

Sun bear

30.

Which organism is the most distantly related to all the others?

a)

Raccoon

b)

Dog

c)

Giant Panda

d)

Sun Bear

31.

On a phylogenetic tree, what do the branch lengths represent?

a)

The age of the organisms

b)

amount of genetic change since divergence

c)

amount of genetic change since convergence

d)

The age of divergence

32.

Cytochrome c is a protein made up of 104 amino acids. It is found in the mitochondria and aides in the electron transport chain during cellular respiration. The data table represents the number of amino acid differences in cytochrome c between organisms A, B, C, and D.

The phylogenetic trees represent possible interpretations of the data in the chart.


Which two phylogenetic trees represent the data most accurately? (choose 2)

a)
b)
c)
33.

The phylogenetic tree was constructed using derived traits of organisms A, B, C, D, and E. Based on the tree, which two organisms share the most derived traits?

a)

C and D because they share one common branch.

b)

C and D because they are closest to the end of the tree next to each other.

c)

A and B because they share the most branch points.

d)

A and B because they are the pair closest to the center.

34.

What is the best inference about biochemical relationships that could be made from this model?

a)

The amino acid sequences of a lancelet and a tuna are more similar than that of a tuna and a salamander. This is due to the lancelet and the tuna both residing entirely in water while the salamander can survive on land.

b)

The amino acid sequences of a salamander and a turtle are less similar than that of a turtle and a leopard. This is due to the turtle and the salamander both being adapted to life in water or land.

c)

The amino acid sequences of a lancelet and a tuna are less similar than that of a tuna and a salamander. This is due to the lancelet and the tuna splitting from a common ancestor longer ago.

d)

The amino acid sequences of a salamander and a turtle are more similar than that of a turtle and a leopard. This is due to the turtle and the salamander both being adapted to life in water or land.

35.

Which number(s) do species B and D have in common?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

36.

Which number(s) do species C and D have in common?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

37.
The similarities among early stages of the embryos provide evidence that -
a)
these organisms evolved from a common ancestor
b)
the organisms all retained their gills and tails
c)
the organisms belong to the same species
38.
The Galapagos Islands, a small group of islands off the coast of Ecuador, is home to reptiles such as the giant tortoise and the iguana. The eastern islands are much older than the islands to the west.  Which statement about the origin of these reptiles is best supported by this information?
a)
The ancestor of each species came from different continents at different times.
b)
The common ancestors of the reptiles probably came from Equador.
c)
The common ancestor of each species evolved in Peru and came to the islands at the same time.
39.
The picture shows the members of the Camelidae family. The physical features and the geographical origin of these animals provide evidence that - 
a)
they live in the same type of environment.
b)
have slowly evolved to become herbivores.
c)
have a common ancestor.
d)
exchanged DNA in the past.
40.
Using Data Table 1, which organism shares a most recent common ancestor with rabbits?
a)
Fly
b)
Bat
c)
Tree
d)
Bacterium
41.
Scientists compare the limbs of organisms to look for evidence of common ancestry. These limbs provide evidence of common ancestry because they -
a)
perform the same function
b)
are the same size
c)
have the same basic structure
d)
are parts of the same animal
42.

Which is the sequence by which natural selection works?

a)

selection → adaptation → variation

b)

selection → variation → adaptation

c)

variation → adaptation → selection

d)

variation → selection → adaptation

43.

As a population recovers from reduction due to the bottleneck effect, the population will experience -

a)

a loss of genetic dicversity.

b)

migration.

c)

no change to allele frequency.

d)

genetic regulation.

44.

What is the primary purpose of meiosis in relation to inheritable genetic variations?

a)

To produce genetically identical cells

b)

To create new genetic combinations

c)

To repair errors in DNA replication

d)

To generate energy for the cell

45.

Why is genetic diversity important for the survival of a species?


a)

A. It allows individuals to adapt to changing environments.

b)

B. It ensures that all individuals are identical.

c)

C. It reduces the chances of mutations.

d)

D. It increases the likelihood of extinction

46.
Which of the following statements gives the most likely explanation for the presence of two very similar species of squirrels living on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon?
a)
One squirrel traveled across the canyon and started a new population on the other side.
b)
One squirrel traveled across the canyon and interbred with a different population on the other side.
c)
Members of one single squirrel species were geographically separated by the formation of the canyon.
d)
Members of two different squirrel species migrated from two different places to opposite sides of the canyon. 
47.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
48.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
49.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
50.
An error in DNA copying that results in a new trait
a)
Homeostasis
b)
Mutation
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Selective Breeding

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