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WorksheetsIB Chemistry HL
Total questions: 46
Worksheet time: 2hrs 32mins
Which statements are correct for ionic compounds?
I. Lattice energy increases as ionic radii increase.
II. Within the same group, the melting point of salts tends to decrease as the radius of the cation increases.
III. Solubility in water depends on the relative magnitude of the lattice energy compared to the hydration energy.
I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
II and III only
What is the standard enthalpy of formation, in kJ mol–1, of IF (g)?
IF7 (g) + I2 (s) → IF5 (g) + 2IF (g) ΔH = –89 kJ
ΔHf (IF7) = –941 kJ mol–1
ΔHf (IF5) = –840 kJ mol–1
–190
–95
+6
+95
Which equation represents the lattice enthalpy of magnesium sulfide?
MgS (s) → Mg (g) + S (g)
MgS (s) → Mg+ (g) + S– (g)
MgS (s) → Mg2+ (g) + S2– (g)
MgS (s) → Mg (s) + S (s)
The rate expression for the reaction X (g) + 2Y (g) → 3Z (g) is
rate = k[X]0 [Y]2
By which factor will the rate of reaction increase when the concentrations of X and Y are both increased by a factor of 3?
6
9
18
27
At 700 ºC, the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction is 1.075 × 108.
2H2 (g) + S2 (g) <- -> 2H2S (g)
Which relationship is always correct for the equilibrium at this temperature?
[H2S]2 < [H2]2 [S2]
S2] = 2[H2S]
[H2S] < [S2]
[H2S]2 > [H2]2[S2]
Which of the following will form a buffer solution if combined in appropriate molar ratios?
HCl and NaCl
NaOH and HCOONa
NH4Cl and HCl
HCl and NH3
What is the product of the reaction between pentan-2-one and sodium borohydride, NaBH4?
Pentan-1-ol
Pentan-2-ol
Pentanoic acid
Pentanal
Which combination describes the PH4+ ion?
Tetrahedral; sp3 hybridization
Square Planar, sp3 hybridization
Tetrahedral, sp2 hybridization
Square Planar, sp2 hybridization
Which species have resonance structures?
I. Ozone, O3
II. Carbon dioxide, CO2
III. Benzene, C6H6
I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
Which equation represents enthalpy of hydration?
Na(g) → Na+(aq) + e−
Na+(g) → Na+(aq)
NaCl(s) → Na+(g) + Cl−(g)
NaCl(s) → Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq)
Which combination of ΔH θ and ΔS θ will result in a non-spontaneous reaction at all temperatures?
ΔH θ - Positive; ΔS θ - Negative
ΔH θ - Negative; ΔS θ - Positive
ΔH θ - Positive; ΔS θ - Positive
ΔH θ - Negative; ΔS θ - Negative
What are the units for the rate constant, k, in the expression?
Rate = k [X]2[Y]
mol2 dm−6 s−1
mol−1 dm3 s−1
mol dm−3 s−1
mol−2 dm6 s−1
Which statement is correct for the overall reaction in a voltaic cell?
2AgNO3(aq) + Ni(s) → 2Ag(s) + Ni(NO3)2(aq) E θ= +1.06 V
Electrons flow from Ag electrode to Ni electrode.
Ni is oxidized to Ni2+ at the cathode (negative electrode).
Ag+ is reduced to Ag at the anode (positive electrode).
Ag has a more positive standard electrode potential value than Ni.
What is the product of the reduction of 2-methylbutanal?
2-methylbutan-1-ol
2-methylbutan-2-ol
3-methylbutan-2-one
2-methylbutanoic acid
Which molecule is chiral?
2-chlorobutane
2,2-dichloropentane
Propan-2-amine
4-hydroxybutanoic acid
Which technique is used to determine the bond lengths and bond angles of a molecule?
X-ray crystallography
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy
Mass spectroscopy
1H NMR spectroscopy
What is the charge on the iron(III) complex ion in [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4]Br?
0
1+
2+
3+
Which does not show resonance?
PO43–
C6H6
C6H12
O3
Which is the first step in the CFC-catalysed destruction of ozone in UV light?
CCl2F2 → CClF2+ + Cl–
CCl2F2 → •CClF2 + Cl•
CCl2F2 → CCl2F+ + F–
CCl2F2 → •CCl2F + F•
Which statement is correct?
Sigma bonds are formed only by the combination of s atomic orbitals.
Pi bonds can be formed in the absence of sigma bonds.
Pi bonds are formed parallel to the axis between atoms.
Pi bonds are formed only by the combination of hybrid orbitals.
Which ion’s hydration energy is the most exothermic?
Li+
Na+
Br–
I–
Which is correct about reaction mechanisms?
A species that is zero order does not take part in the reaction.
A catalyst does not take part in the reaction.
Reactants in a fast step before the slow step are included in the rate expression.
Reactants in a fast step after the slow step are included in the rate expression.
Components X and Y are mixed together and allowed to reach equilibrium. The concentrations of X, Y, W and Z in the equilibrium mixture are 4, 1, 4 and respectively.
X + 2Y <-> 2W + Z
What is the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc?
1/8
1/2
2
8
Which type of bond is formed when a Lewis acid reacts with a Lewis base?
Covalent
Dipole-dipole
Double
Hydrogen
Which pair of isomers always shows optical activity?
Cis-trans
Enantiomers
Conformational
E/Z
Which technique can be used to identify bond length and bond angle?
1H NMR spectroscopy
IR spectroscopy
Mass spectroscopy
X-ray crystallography
Ammonia is a stronger ligand than water. Which is correct when concentrated aqueous ammonia solution is added to dilute aqueous copper(II) sulfate solution?
The d-orbitals in the copper ion split.
There is a smaller splitting of the d-orbitals.
Ammonia replaces water as a ligand.
The colour of the solution fades.
What is the correct explanation for the colour of [Cu(H2O)6]2+?
Light is absorbed when an electron moves to a d orbital of higher energy.
Light is released when an electron moves to a d orbital of higher energy.
Light is absorbed when electrons move from the ligands to the central metal ion.
Light is absorbed when electrons move between d and s orbitals.
Which best explains why transition metal complexes are coloured?
As electrons return to lower energy levels, light of a certain colour is emitted, and the complementary colour is observed.
As electrons return to lower energy levels, light of a certain colour is emitted, so the complex appears to have the same colour.
As electrons are promoted to higher energy levels, light of a certain colour is absorbed, and the complementary colour is observed.
As electrons are promoted to higher energy levels, light of a certain colour is absorbed, so the complex appears to have the same colour.
Which species breaks the octet rule?
PCl3
BF4−
SCl4
NH4+
In which group do both compounds contain delocalized electrons?
C6H10, C5H10
Na2CO3, NaOH
NaHCO3, C6H6
NaHCO3, C6H12
Which species has bond angles of 90°?
AlCl4-
ICl4-
NH4+
SiCl4
Which transition represents an enthalpy of hydration?
A. 2H2O (l) → H3O+ (aq) + OH− (aq)
NaCl (s) → Na+ (aq) + Cl− (aq)
K+(s)→K+(aq)
K+(g)→K+(aq)
Which ionic compound has the largest value of lattice enthalpy?
MgS
MgO
CaBr2
NaF
Which mixture is a buffer solution?
25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NH3 (aq) and 50 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)
50 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NH3 (aq) and 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)
25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq) and 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)
50 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq) and 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)
Which salt solution has the highest pH?
NH4Cl
Ca(NO3)2
Na2CO3
K2SO4
Which statement about a first-order reaction is correct?
The reactant concentration decreases linearly with time.
The reactant concentration decreases exponentially with time.
The rate of reaction remains constant as the reaction proceeds.
The rate of reaction increases exponentially as the reaction proceeds.
Consider the rate expression:
Rate = k[X][Y]
Which change decreases the value of the rate constant, k?
Increase in the reaction temperature
Decrease in the reaction temperature
Increase in the concentration of X and Y
Decrease in the concentration of X and Y
The forward reaction of this equilibrium is endothermic.
H2O (l) <-> H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 At 25 o C
What is correct about water at 50 °C?
[H+] > [OH-]
[H+] < [OH-]
pH < 7.0
pH = 7.0
An equal amount of each of the following salts is added separately to the same volume of water.
Which salt will have the greatest effect on the pH of water?
Al(NO3)3
Na2SO4
RbCl
KBr
Two half-cells are connected via a salt bridge to make a voltaic cell. Which statement about this cell is correct?
Oxidation occurs at the positive electrode (cathode).
It is also known as an electrolytic cell.
Ions flow through the salt bridge.
It requires a power supply to operate.
What should be changed to alter the rate of nucleophilic substitution of tertiary halogenoalkanes?
The nucleophile
The concentration of the nucleophile
The concentration of the tertiary halogenoalkane
The size of the reaction flask
The first ionization energies (in kJ mol-1 ) of five successive elements in the periodic table are:
1314, 1681, 2081, 496 and 738
What could these elements be?
d-block elements
The last two elements of one period and the first three elements of the next period
The last three elements of one period and the first two elements of the next period
The last five elements of a period
What are the units of the rate constant for a zero-order reaction?
s
s-1
mol-1 dm3 s-1
mol dm-3 s-1
The same quantity of electricity is passed through separate dilute aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid and copper(II) sulfate using platinum electrodes under the same conditions. Which statement is correct?
The same volume of oxygen is obtained in both cases.
The same volume of hydrogen is obtained in both cases.
The amount of copper deposited at the negative electrode in the copper(II) sulfate solution is half the amount of hydrogen gas formed at the negative electrode in the sulfuric acid solution.
The pH of both solutions increases as the electrolysis proceeds.
How many four-membered ring isomers are there of dichlorocyclobutane, C4H6Cl2?
3
4
5
6
