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Fluid and Electrolytes

Total questions: 13

Worksheet time: 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is located in which of the following fluid compartments?

a)

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

b)

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

c)

Interstitial fluid

d)

Intravascular fluid

2.

While planning care for elderly individuals, the nurse remembers the elderly are at a higher risk for developing dehydration because they have a(n):

a)

Higher total body water volume

b)

Decreased muscle mass

c)

Increase in thirst

d)

Increased tendency towards developing edema

3.

Water movement between the ICF and ECF compartments is determined by:

a)

Osmotic forces

b)

Plasma oncotic pressure

c)

Antidiuretic hormone

d)

Buffer systems

4.

When planning care for a dehydrated patient, the nurse remembers the principle of water balance is closely related to _____ balance.

a)

Potassium

b)

Chloride

c)

Bicarbonate

d)

Sodium

5.

A nurse is teaching the staff about antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Which information should the nurse include? Secretion of ADH is stimulated by:

a)

Increased serum potassium

b)

Increased plasma osmolality

c)

Decreased renal blood flow

d)

Generalized edema

6.

Which statement by the staff indicates teaching was successful concerning aldosterone? Secretion of aldosterone results in:

a)

Decreased plasma osmolality

b)

Increased serum potassium levels

c)

Increased blood volume

d)

Localized edema

7.

A 5-year-old male presents to the ER with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing him with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The nurse administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would be expected?

a)

Symptoms subside quickly

b)

Increased ICF volume

c)

Decreased ECF volume

d)

Intracellular dehydration

8.

Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing hypernatremia? A patient with:

a)

Vomiting

b)

Diuretic use

c)

Dehydration

d)

Hypoaldosteronism

9.

Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for hyperkalemia?

a)

Excess aldosterone

b)

Acute acidosis

c)

Insulin usage

d)

Metabolic alkalosis

10.

A 60-year-old female is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect to observe?

a)

Weak pulse

b)

Excessive thirst

c)

Oliguria

d)

Constipation

11.

Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering system?

a)

Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering system?

b)

Carbonic acid/bicarbonate

c)

Sodium/potassium

d)

Amylase/albumin

12.

Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with:

a)

Retention of metabolic acids

b)

Hypoaldosteronism

c)

Excessive loss of chloride (Cl)

d)

Hyperventilation

13.

For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will compensate by:

a)

Excreting H+ through the kidneys

b)

Hyperventilating

c)

Retaining CO2 in the lungs

d)

Secreting aldosterone