The map below shows a portion of the Middle East. Points A, B, C, D, and X are locations on Earth's surface.

When it is 10:00 a.m. solar time at location X, at which location is 11:00 a.m. solar time being observed?

Seasonal changes on Earth are primarily caused by the

During which Northern Hemisphere season is Earth closest to the Sun?

Which planet's day (period of rotation) is longer than its year (period of revolution)?

The constellation Pisces changes position during a night, as shown in the diagram below.

Which motion is mainly responsible for this change in position?

To an observer in New York State, the duration of daylight increases continuously from

Which statement best describes Earth's approximate rates of rotation and revolution?

The diagram below shows a large pendulum in motion over an 8-hour period.

What is the main reason the pendulum appears to change its direction of swing over time?

The best evidence of Earth's rotation is provided by the

The spinning of Earth on its axis causes the apparent rising and setting of the

To a nighttime observer on Earth, how many degrees do the stars appear to move around Polaris in 3 hours?

Which motion causes the constellation Orion to be visible at midnight from New York State in winter but not in summer?

Which two factors cause the perpendicular rays of the Sun to move between 23.5° N and 23.5° S?

The diagram below represents the horizon and the Sun's apparent paths, A, B, and C, on three different dates, as viewed from the same location in New York State.

Which table correctly shows the dates on which the apparent paths of the Sun were observed?

Which hot spot location on Earth's surface usually receives the greatest intensity of insolation on June 21?

The diagram below represents Earth in space on the first day of a season.

Which season is beginning in New York State on the day represented in the diagram?

Which diagram best represents the tilt of Earth's axis that causes the Northern Hemisphere seasons shown? (Diagrams are not drawn to scale.)

Base your answer on the diagram below which represents the apparent daily path of the Sun across the sky in the Northern Hemisphere on the dates indicated.

At noon on which date would the observer cast the longest shadow?

The diagram below shows the shadow cast by a telephone pole on March 21 at solar noon at a location in New York State.

Which shadow was cast by the same telephone pole on June 21 at solar noon?

Base your answer on the two maps for Australia below. Map I shows Australia's major landscape regions. Letters A through H represent locations in Australia. Map II shows Australia's general climate regions.

On which day with the noon Sun be directly overhead at location C?