WorksheetsAP World History
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 15mins
The development of classes of people specializing in particular types of labor, such as artisans, priests, scribes and merchants, in early civilizations was most likely made possible by
patriarchal relationships
trade between groups
surplus of food
the invention of writing
The ultimate source of wealth in any agricultural society is_______
bronze
land
family kinship
cattle
“The adoption of the mamluk* institutions by the Abbasids was followed almost immediately by [the] . . . disintegration of the state. . . . The disintegration of the Abbasid state was an intensely painful process in which it seemed at times as if the very venture of Islam was coming to an end, like that of Alexander the Great before it. . . . Indeed, that Islam was soon to disappear was the very premise upon which the [Shi‘ite] revolutionaries held out their promise of a moral and material recovery: nothing less . . . could now save the marriage between religion and power to which the Islamic [state] owed its existence.”
*an Arabic term designating an enslaved person, in this case, a slave soldier of Turkic origin
Patricia Crone, Danish-American historian of Islamic history, Slaves on Horses: The Evolution of the Islamic Polity, 1980
Despite the disintegration of the Abbasid Caliphate, Islam continued to spread across Afro-Eurasia in the period 1200–1450 primarily because of which of the following?
The conquest of the Christian Crusader States in the Levant
The activities of Sufi missionaries
The voyages of the Muslim eunuch Zheng He
The translation activities of Muslim scholars
“The adoption of the mamluk* institutions by the Abbasids was followed almost immediately by [the] . . . disintegration of the state. . . . The disintegration of the Abbasid state was an intensely painful process in which it seemed at times as if the very venture of Islam was coming to an end, like that of Alexander the Great before it. . . . Indeed, that Islam was soon to disappear was the very premise upon which the [Shi‘ite] revolutionaries held out their promise of a moral and material recovery: nothing less . . . could now save the marriage between religion and power to which the Islamic [state] owed its existence.” *an Arabic term designating an enslaved person, in this case, a slave soldier of Turkic origin Patricia Crone, Danish-American historian of Islamic history, Slaves on Horses: The Evolution of the Islamic Polity, 1980 The combination between religious and political aspects in the Abbasid state’s concept of governance is best reflected in which of the following?
The Abbasid state had an influential Sunni religious class that often came into conflict with the state.
The Abbasid state often allowed local rulers considerable autonomy.
The Abbasid state patronized the construction of religious buildings such as mosques.
The Abbasid state was headed by a caliph who was both the state’s supreme religious and political leader.
“One of the most important aspects of the Maya economy was the exchange of exotic goods. Maya rulers and elites needed such goods to maintain and reinforce their social status and power. Many of these goods were used in the formal dress of kings, nobles, and priests. Without them, the elites could not carry out the rituals that were their principal duties in the eyes of the people. Jaguar pelts, fine textiles, feathers, and other such products were exchanged over long distances within the Maya lowlands. . . .
Such items were probably exchanged as dowry, gifts at royal marriages, coronations, funerals, or at religious pilgrimages. Exotic goods were also probably given as tribute to rulers by their vassals.
These high-status goods held together the Maya world and unified patterns of behavior in religion, science, and warfare. Their exchange surely went hand in hand with exchanges of information, including scientific knowledge, early writing, and, most importantly, models of political organization.”
Arthur Demarest, United States anthropologist, Ancient Maya: The Rise and Fall of a Rainforest Civilization, 2004
Which of the following pieces of evidence most strongly supports the author’s conclusion about the importance of exotic goods to the Maya region’s economy?
Exotic goods were exchanged over long distances within the Maya lowlands.
Exotic goods were traded between the Maya city-states and neighboring states.
The exchange of exotic goods went hand in hand with the exchange of information.
The Maya region depended on the trade in exotic goods because of relatively low levels of agricultural production.
“One of the most important aspects of the Maya economy was the exchange of exotic goods. Maya rulers and elites needed such goods to maintain and reinforce their social status and power. Many of these goods were used in the formal dress of kings, nobles, and priests. Without them, the elites could not carry out the rituals that were their principal duties in the eyes of the people. Jaguar pelts, fine textiles, feathers, and other such products were exchanged over long distances within the Maya lowlands. . . . Such items were probably exchanged as dowry, gifts at royal marriages, coronations, funerals, or at religious pilgrimages. Exotic goods were also probably given as tribute to rulers by their vassals. These high-status goods held together the Maya world and unified patterns of behavior in religion, science, and warfare. Their exchange surely went hand in hand with exchanges of information, including scientific knowledge, early writing, and, most importantly, models of political organization.” Arthur Demarest, United States anthropologist, Ancient Maya: The Rise and Fall of a Rainforest Civilization, 2004 The author directly uses all of the following pieces of evidence to support his argument about the relationship between exotic goods and the power of Maya rulers EXCEPT that Maya rulers
used exotic goods to carry out rituals that their subjects expected them to perform
prohibited nobles and priests from wearing certain types of exotic goods reserved for rulers
used exotic goods in royal coronations
received exotic goods as tribute payments from vassals
Which of the following does the author cite most directly to support his argument in the third paragraph about the importance of exotic goods in the Maya region?
The existence of sophisticated astronomical tables
The emergence of a unified Maya kingdom based on new political models
The emergence of new systems of writing based on earlier Mesoamerican systems
The existence of unified patterns of behavior in warfare, science, and religion
“In that year [1450 c.e.] there came to Naples a three-man embassy from the King of Ethiopia to His Highness, our King Alfonso. Among the ambassadors was a certain Pietro Rombulo, an Italian, native of the city of Messina. This Pietro claimed that he had lived among the Ethiopians for over 40 years. And he described to me how in Ethiopia there are innumerable Christians—since both the people and the king there worship Christ—among whom he had been able to live a good Christian life safely and honorably. The ruler of Ethiopia, King David, whom they call Zara Yacob, was said by the ambassadors to be the most civilized, the most just, and the most pious of princes.” Pietro Ranzano, Catholic Church official in Naples and Sicily, universal history written circa 1480 Which of the following was a continuity in the development of African states in the period circa 1200–1450 ?
African states such as Ethiopia maintained close contacts with South and East Asian states across the Indian Ocean but rarely had contacts with Europe.
Despite geographical barriers, some African states were able to maintain diplomatic and cultural contacts with the broader Afro-Eurasian world.
Most African states rejected traditional forms of international diplomacy, such as dynastic marriages and tribute payments.
African states needed to maintain friendly diplomatic relations with Europe in order to expand their empires.
“In that year [1450 c.e.] there came to Naples a three-man embassy from the King of Ethiopia to His Highness, our King Alfonso. Among the ambassadors was a certain Pietro Rombulo, an Italian, native of the city of Messina. This Pietro claimed that he had lived among the Ethiopians for over 40 years. And he described to me how in Ethiopia there are innumerable Christians—since both the people and the king there worship Christ—among whom he had been able to live a good Christian life safely and honorably. The ruler of Ethiopia, King David, whom they call Zara Yacob, was said by the ambassadors to be the most civilized, the most just, and the most pious of princes.” Pietro Ranzano, Catholic Church official in Naples and Sicily, universal history written circa 1480 Which of the following continuities in the development of African states in the period circa 1200–1450 most likely explains the prevalence of Christianity in Ethiopia?
Some African states’ religious traditions continued to be influenced by cultural transfers dating back to earlier centuries.
Some African states were famous for their religious toleration and for allowing multiple religious traditions to coexist in their territories.
African states’ official religions were typically syncretic mixtures of several different religious traditions.
While African populations mostly continued to adhere to indigenous polytheistic religions, African political elites often adopted monotheistic religions such as Christianity and Islam.
“In that year [1450 c.e.] there came to Naples a three-man embassy from the King of Ethiopia to His Highness, our King Alfonso. Among the ambassadors was a certain Pietro Rombulo, an Italian, native of the city of Messina. This Pietro claimed that he had lived among the Ethiopians for over 40 years. And he described to me how in Ethiopia there are innumerable Christians—since both the people and the king there worship Christ—among whom he had been able to live a good Christian life safely and honorably. The ruler of Ethiopia, King David, whom they call Zara Yacob, was said by the ambassadors to be the most civilized, the most just, and the most pious of princes.” Pietro Ranzano, Catholic Church official in Naples and Sicily, universal history written circa 1480 Which of the following was a key similarity in the policies of the rulers of African states such as Ethiopia in the period circa 1200–1450 ?
They granted their subjects unrestricted freedom of speech.
They used religion and laws to bolster their legitimacy.
They faced challenges to their power from powerful merchant elites.
They sought to achieve economic self-sufficiency by restricting trade contacts with other societies.
“I, Edward, by the grace of God king of England, sent this decree to the reverend father in Christ William, by the grace of God archbishop of Canterbury, supreme Church leader of all England: Know that, because of the great number of people who died in the recent pestilence, those who survive see that masters need servants, which have become scarce, and so they now refuse to serve as workmen unless they receive excessive wages. That is why, I, considering the grave inconveniences that might come from the lack of such workmen, especially plowmen, and after consultations with the nobles and clergy of the realm, have decided that every man and woman of our realm of England shall be required to serve his or her lord at the wages that were provided five years ago, in the year 1346. The lords are entitled to keep their serfs. If any such serf, man or woman, who is required to serve their lord will not do so, they shall be immediately committed to jail. King Edward III of England, the Statute of Laborers, royal decree, 1351 The terminology used in the opening sentence of the decree was most directly influenced by which of the following?
The notion that the Pope is the supreme leader of the Church
The medieval rules of chivalry and courtly etiquette
The deep influence of Christianity on medieval society and culture
The slow and uncertain nature of communications in medieval Europe
Know that, because of the great number of people who died in the recent pestilence, those who survive see that masters need servants, which have become scarce, and so they now refuse to serve as workmen unless they receive excessive wages.
That is why, I, considering the grave inconveniences that might come from the lack of such workmen, especially plowmen, and after consultations with the nobles and clergy of the realm, have decided that every man and woman of our realm of England shall be required to serve his or her lord at the wages that were provided five years ago, in the year 1346.
The lords are entitled to keep their serfs. If any such serf, man or woman, who is required to serve their lord will not do so, they shall be immediately committed to jail.”
King Edward III of England, the Statute of Laborers, royal decree, 1351
The process of “consultations with the nobles and clergy of the realm” in the making of Edward III’s decree best reflects which of the following?
The emergence of the concept that parliaments, rather than kings, had ultimate political authority in European states
The fragmented, decentralized nature of European feudal monarchies
The legacy of Roman imperial political traditions on medieval European states
European rulers’ practice of making harsh legislation more palatable by claiming it was part of God’s will
Which of the following was a significant factor in the spread of Buddhism along the Silk Road during the classical period?
A) The patronage of the Mauryan Empire
B) The translation of Buddhist texts into Latin
C) The establishment of Buddhist monasteries along trade routes
D) The military conquests of the Gupta Empire
The Columbian Exchange had a profound impact on the world. Which of the following was a direct result of this exchange?
A) The introduction of horses to the Americas
B) The spread of Buddhism to Europe
C) The invention of the printing press
D) The fall of the Byzantine Empire
Which of the following best describes the impact of the Neolithic Revolution on human societies?
A) It led to the development of nomadic lifestyles
B) It resulted in the widespread use of bronze tools
C) It marked the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture
D) It caused the decline of major river valley civilizations
