These traveling poet-musicians performed secular songs about courtly love.

This early form of musical notation used symbols called neumes.

Monophonic liturgical music was primarily used in this major institution during the Middle Ages.

This composer and mystic was one of the first women to write sacred music in the Middle Ages.

This cultural movement emphasized human potential and inspired advancements in music, art, and science.

This invention revolutionized the spread of music during the Renaissance.

This polyphonic sacred vocal composition was a hallmark of Renaissance church music.

Renaissance composers used this technique to reflect the text’s meaning through music.

This composer, known for his clarity and balance, was called the 'Prince of Music' during the Renaissance.

This harmonic feature provided the structural foundation for much of Baroque music.

This Baroque form of drama combined music, acting, and costumes.

This composer wrote The Four Seasons, a set of violin concertos.

This type of music was composed for sacred performances but was not staged, distinguishing it from opera.

Known for his fugues, this composer was a master of counterpoint during the Baroque period.

This Russian composer blended folk melodies with symphonic traditions in works like The Nutcracker.

This term describes music that uses elements unique to a composer’s homeland.

This Norwegian composer wrote Peer Gynt Suite, inspired by his country’s folklore.

This French composer was known as a leader in the impressionist movement of the 20th century.

This composer used a form of recitative called Sprechstimme

This style of 20th-century music is known for its repetitive patterns and gradual changes.

This French educated composer was a leading figure of American art music.

This ballet by Igor Stravinsky caused a riot at its 1913 premiere.

This composer blended jazz and classical elements in Rhapsody in Blue.

This system, created by Arnold Schoenberg, organized all 12 pitches into a series.

The musical form where an orchestra played with an instrumental soloist who showed amazing musical skills.