Yes, it always involves disagreement

No, it refers to presenting reasons to support a claim

Only when people shout at each other

• It depends on the situation

"Everyone else is doing it, so I should too."

"If we don’t take action now, everything will go wrong!"

"All cats are mammals. Luna is a cat. Therefore, Luna is a mammal."

"You’re wrong because I said so!"

A false dilemma

A distraction that shifts attention away from the main issue

A direct attack on someone's character

A logical argument with strong evidence

"We need better school lunches, but what about students who skip class?"

"If we allow this, the whole world will collapse!"

"You can’t trust them, they wear weird clothes!"

"Everyone else is doing it, so we should too!"

A claim that something is true because many people believe it

A well-supported logical argument

A direct personal attack

An appeal to ethics

"If we don’t ban social media, teenagers will never study again!"

"Everyone else is buying this phone, so it must be the best!"

"Cats are mammals. This animal is a cat, so it must be a mammal."

"The school should focus on safety rather than uniforms."

A well-reasoned cause-and-effect relationship

Assuming one small event will lead to extreme consequences

A structured rebuttal to an argument

A fallacy that compares two unrelated things

"If we allow students to use phones in class, soon no one will study, and they will all fail!"

"Many people prefer online learning because it allows flexibility."

"Fast food is unhealthy, so schools should promote balanced diets."

"Studies show that exercise improves mental health."

A logical argument that refutes an opposing viewpoint

Misrepresenting someone’s argument to make it easier to attack

An argument based on statistical evidence

A type of analogy used in persuasion

"We need more environmental policies." → "Oh, so you want to shut down all factories?"

"If we don’t act now, the whole country will collapse!"

"This policy is effective because many experts support it."

"He can’t be right about economics because he never studied business."

A text that only expresses personal opinions

A text that presents arguments supported by evidence

A fictional story about debates

• A set of instructions

A news report stating facts about climate change

A speech arguing for renewable energy with supporting data

A poem about love

A personal diary entry

A text that only presents data without opinion

A text that urges the reader to take action based on arguments

A text that describes events in sequence

A purely fictional story

"Deforestation is harmful. We must stop it by enforcing stricter regulations."

"Pollution levels are high, and scientists are studying its effects."

"The history of environmental laws dates back to the 20th century."

"Water makes up 70% of the Earth's surface."

A text that provides an analysis of an issue without giving an opinion

A text that presents arguments and examines them logically

A text that is based only on emotions

A text that only tells a personal story

"School uniforms should be mandatory because they promote discipline."

"Please donate to our cause!"

"Yesterday, I went to the market and saw many people buying vegetables."

"Once upon a time, there was a kingdom in the sky."

Introduction, body, conclusion

Setting, characters, conflict

Title, plot, resolution

Introduction, middle, happy ending

A personal anecdote unrelated to the topic

The main argument and background information

Only a question with no further explanation

A conclusion without evidence

To introduce a new argument

To summarize the main points and reinforce the stance

To present an entirely different topic

To add more examples