These acts as barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, controlling incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined security rules.

It monitors network traffic for suspicious activity or unauthorized access attempts and alerts administrators.

These tools prevent unauthorized access, transmission, or leakage of sensitive data by monitoring and enforcing data usage policies.

These tools protect individual devices such as computers, laptops, smartphones, and tablets from malware, unauthorized access, and other security threats.

This refers to someone intensely interested in requiring secrets and recondite workings of any computer operating system.

It is an individual who sends large amounts of unsolicited e-mails and often uses viruses to take control of home computers to use these computers to send out their bulk messages.

It is an attack wherein a hacker surveys a network and collects data for future attacks.

It is a type of network attack that tries to change the system resources or affect their operation and always causes damage to the system.

It is typically installed on a computer as a proactive approach to cybersecurity that helps mitigate a variety of cyber threats including keyloggers, browser hijackers, trojan horses, worms, rootkits, spyware, adware, ransomware, etc.