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Exploring the Structure of DNA

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the basic structural unit of DNA?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Protein

d)

Lipid

2.

Which of the following components is NOT part of a nucleotide of DNA?

a)

Phosphate group

b)

Ribose sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Deoxyribose sugar

3.

Describe the shape of the DNA molecule.

a)

Single helix

b)

Double helix

c)

Triple helix

d)

Linear strand

4.

Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA?

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Thymine

d)

Uracil

5.

Explain why the double helix structure of DNA is important for its function.

a)

It allows DNA to be easily replicated.

b)

It makes DNA more stable.

c)

It enables DNA to store genetic information efficiently.

d)

All of the above

6.

Identify the sugar component found in the backbone of DNA.

a)

Ribose

b)

Glucose

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

Fructose

7.

How do the base pairing rules contribute to the DNA replication process?

a)

They ensure that each new DNA molecule is identical to the original.

b)

They allow for the formation of RNA.

c)

They prevent mutations from occurring.

d)

They help in protein synthesis.

8.

Which of the following statements best describes the function of DNA?

a)

DNA provides energy for cellular processes.

b)

DNA stores genetic information.

c)

DNA transports oxygen in the blood.

d)

DNA catalyzes biochemical reactions.

9.

Which of the following pairs of nitrogenous bases are correctly matched according to the base pairing rules?

a)

Adenine and Guanine

b)

Cytosine and Thymine

c)

Adenine and Thymine

d)

Guanine and Thymine

10.

What role do hydrogen bonds play in the structure of DNA?

a)

They connect the sugar and phosphate groups.

b)

They hold the two strands of the double helix together.

c)

They form the backbone of the DNA molecule.

d)

They link the nucleotides together in a single strand.

11.

Which of the following is a function of DNA in cells?

a)

To provide structural support to the cell

b)

To store and transmit genetic information

c)

To catalyze chemical reactions

d)

To transport molecules across the cell membrane

12.

Using the labels, identify the parts of a DNA molecule.

13.

Which arrow is pointing to the sugar?

14.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Phosphate

1.

Helps create the backbone of DNA

b)

5 Carbon sugar

2.

Connected to Phosphate and Nitrogen base

c)

Nitrogen base

3.

Creates "rungs" of DNA, can be adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine

d)

Hydrogen bond

4.

Connects the two sides of DNA to each other

e)

The image shown

5.

Nucleotide

15.

The complementary base pair to T (thymine) is ​ (a)   . The complementary base pair to G (guanine) is ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
A (adenine)
G (guanine)
T (thymine)
C (cytosine)
U (uracil)
16.

Primary functions of DNA are (mark all that apply)

a)

Transmit information on heredity from one generation to the next

b)

Control cellular respiration

c)

Regulate homeostasis

d)

Provide a blueprint for making proteins

17.

Which of the following is not a function of DNA?

a)

Stores genetic information

b)

Codes for proteins

c)

Helps determines your traits

d)

Tells your body when to move

18.

DNA is used to make mRNA, while they are similar in base pairing the one exception is that when you have an adenine (A) it creates a what on the mRNA?

a)
uracil (U)
b)
cytosine (C)
c)
guanine (G)
d)
thymine (T)
19.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

a)

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

b)

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

c)

Thymine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

d)

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil

20.

Label the nucleotide

21.

Based on these results, whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?

a)

Bob

b)

Sue

c)

John

d)

Lisa

22.

Which suspect's DNA was found at the crime scene?

a)

Suspect #1

b)

Suspect #2

c)

Suspect #3

23.

The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel

electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?

a)

They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.

b)

They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.

c)

They have the correct child, because her genetic information matches the genetic information from both parents.

d)

They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.

24.

A hospital wants to identify the parents of a baby. Based on the DNA fingerprints, which couple is most likely the parents of the baby?

a)

Couple W

b)

Couple X

c)

Couple Y

d)

Couple Z

25.

DNA fingerprinting works because

a)

Most genes are dominant

b)

All organisms contain RNA

c)

The most important genes are different among most people

d)

No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA