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WorksheetsUnit 5 Study Guide: Cellular Energy
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
Atoms and/or molecules that have gained or lost electrons are ions, and the electrons from these ions actively pump H+ against concentration gradients to generate ATP in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
True
False
Ions are formed by the addition of neutrons only
Ions are unrelated to ATP production
Identify the process that occurs when the bond between the second and third phosphates in ATP is broken. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, acts as a rechargeable battery in cells; when the bond between the second and third phosphates is broken, energy is released.
Energy is released
Energy is stored
Nothing happens
ATP becomes completely inactive
Which of the following correctly identifies the reactants and products of photosynthesis as per the chemical equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2?
Reactants: Carbon Dioxide and Water; Products: Glucose and Oxygen.
Reactants: Glucose and Oxygen; Products: Carbon Dioxide and Water.
Reactants: Carbon Dioxide and Glucose; Products: Water and Oxygen.
Reactants: Water and Oxygen; Products: Glucose and Carbon Dioxide.
Photosynthesis is important to all living things because the sugars (glucose) made by photosynthesis provide the chemical energy used either directly or indirectly by nearly all life forms on Earth. Which of the following is the primary reason?
It provides chemical energy.
It produces oxygen.
It creates carbon dioxide.
It produces water.
A pigment is any substance that can absorb light energy, often absorbing only part of the spectrum and reflecting some wavelengths seen as different colors. The pigment that most plants use to absorb light and transfer energy to electrons in PSII and PSI is _____?
Chlorophyll
Carotene
Anthocyanin
Xanthophyll
Which answer best summarizes the light dependent reactions?
Water is broken down, photosystem II takes place, then Photosystem I
Photosystem I, water is broken, then photosystem II
hydrogen ions are pumped, water is broken, photosystem I, then photosystem II
ATP synthase, water is broken, Photosystem II takes place, then photosystem I
Where do the light dependent reactions take place?
The light dependent reaction takes place in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.
The light dependent reaction takes place in the cytoplasm.
The light dependent reaction takes place in the mitochondrial matrix.
The light dependent reaction takes place in the nucleus.
The light independent reactions, which involve cyclic reactions, take place in the stroma of the chloroplast.
True
False
The Calvin cycle uses the products of the light dependent reactions to build sugars. Which products are required for this process?
ATP and NADPH
ADP and NADP+
ATP and NADH
ADP and NADPH
Which of the following statements correctly describes electron carrying molecules as they relate to photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
NADP+ becomes NADPH used in photosynthesis; NAD+ becomes NADH and FAD+ becomes FADH2 used in cellular respiration.
NAD+ becomes NADPH used in photosynthesis; FAD+ becomes FADH2 used in photosynthesis.
Only NAD+ becomes NADH in photosynthesis; NADP+ is not involved.
FAD+ becomes FADH2 used exclusively in photosynthesis.
Which of the following best summarizes the Calvin Cycle process?
The cycle starts with a 5-carbon RuBP reacting with CO2 via RuBisCo to form a 6-carbon intermediate that splits into two 3-carbon molecules (3-PGA), which are converted into G3P and used to regenerate RuBP.
The cycle starts with a 6-carbon RuBP that is directly converted into 3-carbon G3P by RuBisCo with no intermediate steps.
The Calvin cycle begins with a 3-carbon RuBP reacting with CO2 to generate a 5-carbon intermediate that eventually forms G3P.
RuBisCo converts a 5-carbon RuBP directly into two molecules of G3P without forming a 6-carbon intermediate.
The Calvin cycle takes 6 rounds for one glucose to be made and glucose is produced in the chloroplast.
5 rounds and in the mitochondria
6 rounds and in the chloroplast
7 rounds and in the cytosol
6 rounds and in the mitochondria
Explain the relationship between the photosynthesis equation and cellular respiration equation. These reactions are inverses of each other.
True
False
What is broken into pyruvate during glycolysis?
Glucose is broken into pyruvate during glycolysis.
Fructose is not broken into pyruvate during glycolysis.
Galactose is not broken into pyruvate during glycolysis.
Sucrose is not broken into pyruvate during glycolysis.
In aerobic cellular respiration, what is needed to accept the H+ and electrons at the end of the ETC?
Oxygen
NAD+
FAD
ATP
During which cycle is carbon dioxide produced?
Krebs cycle
Calvin cycle
Glycolysis
Light-dependent reaction
Where is water made during cellular respiration?
Water is made in the mitochondria at the end of the ETC during cellular respiration.
Water is made in the nucleus during cellular respiration.
Water is made in the chloroplast during cellular respiration.
Water is made in the cytoplasm during cellular respiration.
Where is the majority of ATP made during cellular respiration?
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ in their location and the ATP produced. Which statement best describes the differences between the two processes?
Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria with high ATP production, while anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm with low ATP production.
Aerobic respiration happens in both mitochondria and cytoplasm with equal ATP yield, unlike anaerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria with high ATP production, whereas aerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm with lower ATP production.
Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration occur in the cytoplasm with similar ATP outputs.
Which statement best describes the prep-step on aerobic cellular respiration?
Pyruvate is converted to acetyl‐CoA producing CO2 and NADH
Pyruvate is directly converted to citric acid in the Krebs cycle.
Pyruvate is first converted to lactic acid in the cytoplasm, then transported into the mitochondria.
Pyruvate is broken down in the matrix using CO2 to make a net of 2 ATP.
Where does the Krebs cycle take place, how is CO2 formed (and how much per pyruvate), and what are the ATP, NADH, and FADH2 yields in one round and per glucose?
Matrix; per pyruvate: 1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 2 CO2; per glucose: double these amounts.
Cytoplasm; per pyruvate: 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 FADH2, 1 CO2; per glucose: double these amounts.
Mitochondrial cristae per pyruvate: 1 ATP, 2 NADH, 1 FADH2, 3 CO2; per glucose: double these amounts.
Nucleus; per pyruvate: 0 ATP, 1 NADH, 0 FADH2, 2 CO2; per glucose: double these amounts.
Which one of the following statements best explains where the ETC takes place and summarizes the ATP production?
Inner mitochondrial membrane; electrons yield ~3 ATP per NADH, ~2 ATP per FADH2; oxygen is the final acceptor forming water; total ATP ≈34 per glucose.
Outer mitochondrial membrane; electrons yield 3 ATP per NADH, 2 ATP per FADH2; carbon dioxide is the final acceptor forming CO2; total ATP ≈32.
Mitochondrial matrix; electrons directly produce ATP without a gradient; nitrogen is the final acceptor forming ammonia; total ATP ≈20.
Cytoplasm; electrons yield ~1 ATP per NADH, 0 ATP per FADH2; water is used as a substrate; total ATP ≈10.
Fermentation needs to take place in the absence of oxygen because:
It produces a small amount ATP anaerobically. and recovers NAD+
It requires oxygen to proceed. and makes FAD+
It generates large amounts of energy using oxygen.
It stops metabolic processes when oxygen is missing.
Identify two by-products of fermentation and the organism that produces them.
Ethanol and CO2 produced by yeasts
Lactic acid and ethanol produced by bacteria
CO2 and water produced by plants
Ethanol and lactic acid produced by fungi
What does the term anaerobic mean?
With oxygen
Without oxygen
Produces carbon dioxide
In the cytoplasm
