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WorksheetsBiotechnology tools and techniques Quiz
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 23mins
What does biotechnology involve?
Using chemical processes
Using biological processes
Using mechanical processes
Using electrical processes
For how long have biological processes been utilized in biotechnology?
Hundreds of years
Thousands of years
Decades
Centuries
Human cells have about (a) , and (b) are the same across all humans (Identical twins are the exception, sharing 100% of their DNA). Despite this similarity, the (c) difference—around (d) —allows for distinguishing individuals. These differences occur at specific locations called (e) and are analyzed in DNA profiling.
What must be isolated from histone proteins in the DNA extraction process?
Chromosomes
Nucleus
Organelles
DNA
What are gene probes made of?
Double-stranded DNA or RNA segments
Single-stranded DNA or RNA segments
Proteins
Lipids
What is identified when gene probes bind to specific genes?
The gene of interest
The protein of interest
The cell of interest
The enzyme of interest
DNA probes are short, (a) pieces that find and bind to (b) . The probe is (c) so it can be detected. When mixed with DNA, it (d) to matching sequences. Scientists then use special techniques to see where the probe has bound, helping to (e) or study specific genes.
What is the function of free DNA nucleotides in PCR?
To bind to primers
To assemble new DNA copies
To act as a template
To denature DNA
What is the first step in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process?
Annealing
Denaturing
Extension
Replication
Often, during PCR, the DNA, enzyme and nucleotide mixture is heated to temperatures well in excess of 60-70 degrees Celsius. State why it is necessary to heat the DNA in this manner.
What is the purpose of heating the DNA to 95°C in the PCR process?
To bind primers
To denature proteins
To break hydrogen bonds
To synthesize RNA
What is the main purpose of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
To sequence DNA
To amplify DNA
To mutate DNA
To degrade DNA
During the annealing step of PCR, what attaches to the target sequence?
DNA polymerase
RNA primers
Short DNA primers
Nucleotides
What happens to the DNA template during the denaturation step?
It is cooled to attach primers
It is heated to separate strands
It is cut into fragments
It is replicated
Name 2-3 potential concerns or issues associated with the collection and storage of human genetic data.
Which step in PCR involves the attachment of primers?
Denaturation
Annealing
Extension
Replication
Which of the following is NOT a step in the PCR process?
Denaturation
Annealing
Extension
Transcription
What do both types of electrophoresis separate?
Molecules based on color
Molecules based on size and charge
Molecules based on temperature
Molecules based on density
How do smaller molecules behave in electrophoresis?
They move slower
They move faster
They remain stationary
They dissolve
In gel electrophoresis, towards which terminal do DNA fragments move?
Positively charged terminal
Negatively charged terminal
Neutral terminal
Ground terminal
What are some applications of capillary electrophoresis?
DNA sequencing and DNA profiling
Protein synthesis and cell division
Photosynthesis and respiration
Fermentation and distillation
In capillary electrophoresis, DNA fragments move from which electrode to which electrode?
Negative to positive
Positive to negative
Neutral to positive
Neutral to negative
PCR is a technique used to make many copies of a specific (a) segment. It works like a photocopier for DNA, allowing scientists to study small amounts of DNA by making millions of copies. Steps of PCR 1. (b) (95°C) The DNA is heated to separate its two strands. 2. (c) (50-65°C) Short DNA primers attach (bind) to the specific DNA sequence that needs to be copied. 3. (d) (72°C) A special enzyme called (e) adds new DNA bases, building a new strand. These steps are repeated 30-40 times, doubling the DNA each cycle, creating millions of copies in just a few hours!
