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Benchmark Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

European exploration and expansion was driven by the all of the following EXCEPT

a)

A growing fear of African empires.

b)

Religious zeal.

c)

Wealth and trade.

d)

Political ambition.

2.
Which is NOT a condition that favored exploration at this time?
a)
Financial interest of rulers in overseas adventures
b)
New Technology and better boats
c)
Renaissance values of interest in the natural and physical world
d)
The invention of the GPS
3.

1492 is the year Columbus landed in the Caribbean. Why did the European Age of Exploration begin?

a)

They were looking for America and they found it.

b)

Europeans were looking for new ways to expand the slave trade.

c)

Europeans were hoping to find new people to conquer

d)

Europeans were looking for new trade routes to Asia

4.

Who was the first explorer to circumnavigate the globe?

a)

Christopher Columbus

b)

Ferdinand Magellan

c)

Vasco da Gama

d)

Marco Polo

5.

Which invention allowed for longer sea journeys?

a)

Magnetic compass

b)

Movable type

c)

Porcelain

d)

Gunpowder

6.

Which of the following was a technological advancement that improved navigation during the Age of Exploration?

a)

The printing press

b)

The caravel

c)

Gunpowder

d)

The steam engine

7.

Countries became better at exploring the world thanks to several ____ advances such as the astrolabe.

a)

technological

b)

explore

c)

economic

8.

What religious goal inspired many European explorers?

a)

To visit holy sites

b)

to live in poverty

c)

to spread their beliefs

d)

to learn about other faiths

9.

What does "Renaissance" mean?

a)

Reconvert

b)

Rebirth

c)

Re-examine

d)

Review

10.

Who painted the Mona Lisa?

a)

Michelangelo

b)

Donatello

c)

Jan Van Eyck

d)

Leonardo da Vinci

11.

Where did the Renaissance begin?

a)

England

b)

Norway

c)

Italy

d)

Spain

12.

What were the two most famous works by Michelangelo?

a)

The Last Supper

b)

David

c)

The Sistine Chapel

d)

The Wedding

13.

Who were the main Patron class family in Italy? (First mafia family)

a)

Barrone

b)

Medici

c)

da Vinci

d)

Marietta

14.

What was the first book to be printed on a printing press?

a)

Utopia

b)

Hamlet

c)

The Bible

d)

The Vedas

15.

What event killed 30 - 50 million people, or a third of Europe's population, during the late Middle Ages?

a)

The Black Death

b)

Hundred Years War

c)

A Tsunami

d)

The Renaissance

16.

What is the dominant theory on how the Black Death spread?

a)

Cats

b)

Birds

c)

Bad air

d)

Bites from fleas off rats

17.

What institution did people lose faith in because of its inability to fight the Black Death?

a)

The Monarchy

b)

The Police

c)

The Church

d)

The Trade Market

18.
Which German priest started the Reformation?
a)
John Calvin
b)
Henry VIII
c)
Pope Paul III
d)
Martin Luther
19.
Luther's criticism of the Catholic Church was called what?
a)
Criticism of the Catholic Church
b)
95 Theses
c)
101 Problems with Catholics
d)
Chicken Soup for the Catholic Soul
20.
Which of the following best helped Martin Luther's ideas reach other parts of Europe? 
a)
The Bible
b)
The printing press
c)
Church Hierarchy
d)
The Diet of Worms
21.
Martin Luther's main complaint was against what?
a)
Inquisitions
b)
Indulgences
c)
The Bible
d)
Ice Cream
22.
Fill in the blank. Luther believed that ________________ was how people would end up in heaven.
a)
faith
b)
indulgences
c)
good deeds
d)
going to church
23.
Protestant or Catholic belief? The Bible is the authority on Christ.
a)
Protestant
b)
Catholic
24.
What historical invention allowed Reformers like Martin Luther to reach a large audience and challenge the Church?
a)
train
b)
plane
c)
internet
d)
printing press
25.
T or F: Protestants and Catholics are both Christians.
a)
True
b)
False
26.

Why did Luther disagree with the selling of indulgences?

a)

He believed they should cost more.

b)

He believed people had to work to earn salvation.

c)

He believed salvation was a gift of grace.

d)

He believed his 95 Theses could get people to Heaven.

27.
What was the first branch of Protestantism?
a)
Lutheranism
b)
Baptism
c)
Christianity
d)
Buddhism
28.

The Jesuits were formed to:

a)

educate priests and form schools

b)

fight wars

c)

support the Protestant Reformation

d)

build cathedrals

29.

What was the Counter Reformation?

a)

Pope's decision to go to war

b)

Protestants moving to new lands

c)

Printing Bible in other languages

d)

Catholic Church response to the Reformation

30.

The Spanish soldier who founded the Jesuits

a)

George of Madrid

b)

Hernando of Seville

c)

Ignatius of Loyola

d)

Martin of Granda

31.
What is the definition of heresy?
a)
Not following the temple. 
b)
Not liking religion. 
c)
Religous ideas that oppose to the church's.
d)
Religous ideas that go with the church's
32.

The goal of the Inquisition was to

a)

allow people to practice their own beliefs

b)

punish heretics who denied church teachings

c)

raise money for the Jesuits

d)

hunt down Martin Luther

33.

At the Council of Trent, it was decided

a)

the churches interpretation of the Bible was final

b)

Christians need both faith and good works for salvation

c)

selling Indulgences as a way to pay for sins was banned

d)

ALL Answers

34.

To try and convert people, both Catholics and Protestants

a)

built schools

b)

gave up hope

c)

engaged in peaceful discussion

d)

agreed to disagree but get along

35.

The Protestant break from the church led to an _______________ in the power of governments.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

no change

36.

In Japan, What did farmers give up in exchange for protection?

a)

Some of their land

b)

Their freedom

c)

Their wealth

d)

Their religion

37.

In Japan, Who protected the lords from attacks by other lords?

a)

Samurai

b)

Farmers

c)

Merchants

d)

Artists

38.

What code of behavior did samurai follow?

a)

Bushido

b)

Confucianism

c)

Taoism

d)

Shintoism

39.

In Japan, Who became the most powerful after a period of war?

a)

A Peasant

b)

The emperor

c)

The shogun

d)

The samurai

40.

Who was the first European to find a sea route to Asia?

a)

Christopher Columbus

b)

Vasco da Gama

c)

Ferdinand Magellan

d)

Marco Polo

41.

What were Indulgences?

a)

Prayers performed after eating to much food

b)

Leaders within the Catholic Church

c)

Pardons for sins sold by the Catholic Church

d)

Positions within the Catholic Church sold to the highest bidder

42.

What was the Protestant Reformation?

a)

An attempt to overthrow the Pope and replace him with a Frenchman.

b)

An attempt to reform the Catholic practices that were considered corrupt.

c)

A call for Christian Europe to reclaim the Holy Land from the Arabs.

d)

An argument over leadership of the Catholic Church that led to the election of 3 Popes

43.
What is so significant about Martin Luther hanging up the 95 Theses?
a)
It ended feudalism throughout Europe.
b)
It limited the power of the monarch in England.
c)
It was the event that started the Protestant Reformation.
d)
It was the event that started the Catholic Counter-Reformation.
44.
Which king broke away from the Catholic church because he wanted a divorce?
a)
Henry VI
b)
George I
c)
Charles I
d)
Henry VIII
45.
How did the Reformation change the political role of the Catholic Church in European society?
a)
Serfs began refusing to offer tithes to the Church.
b)
The Church began allowing priests to get married.
c)
Powerful kings began replacing the pope as the political leader.
d)
The pope began requiring loyalty oaths from bishops and nobles.
46.
What does writing in the vernacular mean?
a)
writing in a foreign language
b)
writing in first person voice 
c)
writing in Latin 
d)
writing in people's native language 
47.

Which group is not a Protestant group?

a)

Calvinism

b)

Lutheranism

c)

Anabaptist

d)

Catholic

48.

This movement focused on the potential of the individual.

a)

Renaissance

b)

Classical

c)

Humanism

d)

Perspective

49.

What did Johannes Gutenburg invent that helped spread Renaissance ideas?

a)

Perspective

b)

Humanism

c)

Patrons

d)

Printing Press

50.

Leonardo da Vinci is considered the ultimate ___ due to his many accomplishments as an artist, an architect, an inventor, an engineer, and a scientist.

a)

Humanist Man

b)

Renaissance Man

c)

Classical Man

d)

Intelligent Man

51.

Issac Newton discovered what?

a)

Cheese

b)

Gravity

c)

Scientific Method

d)

Astronomy

52.

Which statement about the Scientific Revolution in Europe is accurate?

a)

New ideas supported the geocentric theory of

Ptolemy.

b)

Scientists questioned traditional beliefs about

the universe.

c)

The Bible was used to justify new scientific

findings.

d)

The existence of natural laws was rejected.

53.

Which scientist is most directly associated with formulating this view of the solar system?

a)

Ptolemy

b)

Descartes

c)

Copernicus

d)

Newton

54.

Which of the following best describes the contribution of Kepler?

a)

supported the geocentric theory using mathematical evidence

b)

a surgeon who disproved the medical theories of Galen

c)

supported the heliocentric theory & showed that planets revolve in elliptical orbits

d)

inventor of the microscope

55.
Galileo was tried for heresy because he argued  
a)
That heaven did not exist
b)
That Earth revolved around the sun
c)
Against the law of gravity
d)
That the sun revolved around the Earth
56.

Which of the following would be rooted in OLD Science

a)

Relying on ancient authorities and church teachings

b)

Relying on observation, experimentation, and scientific reasoning

57.
The 6-step procedure based on observation and experimentation is called...  
a)
Planetary Model
b)
Philosophical Method
c)
Pavlov's Hierarchy of Needs
d)
the Scientific Method
58.

Who was the English scientist who discovered the laws of gravitation?

a)

Galileo

b)

Newton

c)

Kepler

d)

Copernicus

59.
Who created an improved telescope that confirmed the findings of Copernicus?
a)
Ptolemy
b)
Nicolaus
c)
Galileo
d)
Bacon
60.

Who is considered the "father of human anatomy"?

a)

Boyle

b)

Descartes

c)

Vesalius

d)

Harvey

61.
Scientist began using _____________ and _______________ instead of placing their beliefs in faith.
a)
History and faith
b)
Math and Science
c)
Math and History
d)
reason and logic
62.

Fill in the blank:

The Scientific Revolution happened ___________ the Renaissance.

a)

before

b)

during

c)

after

63.
• Copernicus’ heliocentric model of the universe
• Newton’s law of gravitation
• Descartes’ belief in truth through reason
This set of ideas from the Scientific Revolution gave Europeans a new way to
a)
 view humankind’s place in the universe
b)
 support the core beliefs of the church
c)
authenticate historical facts
d)
verify civil liberties
64.
The idea that the earth is the center of the universe is the ___________ theory.
a)
geocentric
b)
heliocentric
c)
earthcentric
d)
world's worst
65.

The power of the human mind to think and understand in a logical way

a)

reason

b)

philosophies

c)

natural rights

d)

contract

66.

A right, such as life and liberty, that a person is born wth

a)

divine right

b)

philosophes

c)

natural rights

d)

contract

67.

An agreement between rulers and the people to cooperate for mutual social benefits in pursuit of a better society

a)

divine right

b)

free enterprise

c)

laissez-faire

d)

social contract

68.

A person(s) who had unlimited authority and almost no legal limit.

a)

A Monk

b)

Absolute Monarch

c)

A Philosophe

d)

A Salon Manager

69.

Enlightenment thinker who viewed humanity in a negative way and believed people were naturally wicked.

a)

John Locke

b)

Mary Wollstonecraft

c)

Thomas Hobbes

70.

Enlightenment philosopher who believed in freedom of speech and freedom of religion

a)

Locke

b)

Hobbes

c)

Montesquieu

d)

Voltaire

71.

The idea that government power comes from the people.

a)

natural rights

b)

social contract

c)

consent of the governed

d)

salons

72.

An intellectual movement focused on improving government and society using reason and thought.

a)

natural rights

b)

Scientific Revolution

c)

Enlightenment

d)

10 Commandments

73.
According to Hobbes, people agreed to give up some ______ in exchange for _______ as part of the social contract.
a)
rights and power / protection
b)
food and shelter / weapons
c)
security and protection / freedom
d)
money / goods and services
74.
Locke's inalienable rights include...
a)
life, liberty, and property
b)
pizza, chips, and soda
c)
life, property, and travel
d)
freedom of speech, freedom to bear arms, and freedom of assemble
75.
Baron de Montesquieu established two ideas that helped mold today's government in the United States. Those two ideas were....
a)
reason and progress 
b)
Separation of Power and Checks and Balances 
c)
Laissee-faire and Supply & Demand
d)
General Will and Social Contract
76.

Who argued for freedom of speech and religion?

a)

Thomas Jefferson

b)

John Locke

c)

Voltaire

d)

Descartes

77.

He argued that people accused of crimes had certain rights, and he advocated abolishing torture.

a)

Locke

b)

Voltaire

c)

Wollstonecraft

d)

Beccaria

78.

What philosopher wrote that "government should work for the benefit of the common goods and people should give up their rights:, during the Enlightenment?

a)

Baron de Montesquieu

b)

Voltaire

c)

John Locke

d)

Jean Jacques Rousseau

79.
Enlightened thinkers based their philosophical beliefs on what two things?
a)
power and privilege
b)
money and fame
c)
good looks and charm
d)
reason and logic
80.

Which thinker believed the best form of government was an absolute monarchy?

a)

Locke

b)

Hobbes

c)

Rousseau

d)

Voltaire

81.

During the Enlightenment, many people placed their faith in ___.

a)

the church

b)

reason

c)

the military

d)

science

82.

  1. The assembly representing the three estates (clergy, nobility, and commoners) in France before the French Revolution.

a)

Estates-General

b)

National Assembly

c)

Constitution

d)

Bastille

83.

  1. A fortress in Paris that became a symbol of the French Revolution after its storming on July 14, 1789.

a)

Bastille

b)

Guillotine

c)

National Assembly

d)

Alliance

84.

Before the revolution in France, members of the Third Estate had...

a)

to pay less taxes than the other estates

b)

greater political influence than the clergy

c)

a voice in government equal to that of the First and Second Estates

d)

to pay all of the taxes and had unfair representation in the French government

85.

This estate was made of up 97% of the population (like the commoners, peasants, and middle class)

a)

1st

b)

2nd

c)

3rd

86.

The leader of the Reign of Terror & the Committee of Public Safety was

a)

Marie Antoinette.

b)

Olympe de Gouges.

c)

Maximilien Robespierre.

d)

Dr. Joseph Guillotin.

87.

What two influential people took over during different parts of the French Revolution?

a)

Louis XVI and Thomas Jefferson

b)

Marie Antoinette and Martha Washington

c)

Maximillian Robespierre and Napoleon Bonaparte

d)

King George III and George Washington

88.

Which issue was a cause of the French Revolution?

a)

ineffective rule of Napoleon Bonaparte

b)

nationalization of the Church

c)

outrage over the use of the guillotine by the Committee of Public Safety

d)

demand of the Third Estate for more political power

89.

In the late 1700s, which situation in France is considered a cause of the other three?

(AKA: what happened FIRST?)

a)

meeting of the Estates General

b)

unfair policies of taxation

c)

execution of the king

d)

storming of the Bastille

90.

What is the point of view (opinion, perspective, etc.) of the author of this drawing?

a)

One group paid heavy taxes that supported the other two groups.

b)

Peasants and professionals in this society were gaining political and economic power.

c)

Hard work, prayer, and a good example allowed for a stable government in France.

d)

French society emphasized the importance of natural law and social equality.

91.

Toussaint L'Ouverture

a)

Revolution in Mexico

b)

Revolution in France

c)

Slave revolt in Haiti

d)

Uprising in Colombia

92.
Who was the man responsible for freeing the continent of South America?
a)
Miguel Hidalgo
b)
Simon Bolivar
c)
Christopher Columbus
d)
Toussaint L'Ouverture
93.
Father Miguel Hidalgo led an independence movement for which country?
a)
Venezuela
b)
Haiti
c)
Mexico
d)
Spain
94.

Which of the following were influences of the Latin American Revolutions? (The Domino Effect)

a)

The Enlightenment

b)

The American Revolution

c)

The French Revolution

d)

The Russian Revolution

95.

How was the Social System in Latin America different than the Social System found in France?

a)

It was based on education

b)

It was based on wealth

c)

It was based on race

d)

It was based on land occupation

96.
"I was born a slave, but nature gave me the soul of a free man." Toussaint L'Ouverture.
What influenced L'Ouverture to make this statement about natural rights and lead a slave rebellion in Haiti?
a)
Absolutism
b)
The use of the scientific method
c)
Enlightenment Ideas
d)
The rise of international trade
97.
Based on a comparison of these maps of South America, which conclusion is accurate?
a)
Between 1790 and 1828, South American political boundaries remained unchanged except for Brazil.
b)
Spain continued to gain South American colonies in the 19th century.
c)
All of South America was independent by 1828. 
d)
Many regions of South America gained their independence between 1790 and 1828.
98.
What was the result of Napoleon's invasion of Russia?
a)
None of these
b)
Napoleon conquered Russia, but while he was invading the British invaded France
c)
Napoleon retreated to focus on the Haitian Revolution
d)
Napoleon lost 95% of his army, and retreated back to France
99.
Which European ruler conquered the dark shaded areas on this map in the early 1800s?
a)
King Louis XVI
b)
Simon Bolivar
c)
Otto von Bismarck
d)
Napoleon Bonaparte
100.
Why did the Congress of Vienna return absolute monarchs to power in Europe after the Napoleonic Wars?
a)
to restore order and the balance of power
b)
to encourage the spread of nationalism
c)
to promote the spread of Enlightenment ideas
d)
to protect the power of the Catholic Church

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