Worksheetshvh
Total questions: 206
Worksheet time: 2hrs 43mins
A morpheme that must attach to another morpheme is called ____.
free
bound
inflectional
The plural allomorph in "sheep" (singular and plural) is an example of ____.
regular suffix
zero allomorph
irregular prefix
The prefix "hyper-" in "hyperactive" means ____.
under
excessive
beside
Which is a derivational suffix?
-s
-ment
-ing
The morpheme "-ceive" in "perceive" cannot stand alone and is a ____.
free base
bound root
inflectional suffix
The word "untouchable" contains ____ morphemes.
3
4
2
The process of adding "-ed" to "walk" to form "walked" is ____.
inflection
derivation
compounding
The term for "run" in "runner" is a ____.
free base
bound affix
cranberry morpheme
The suffix "-less" in "fearless" is ____.
inflectional
derivational
functional
The plural of "index" (as in books) is ____.
indexs
indices
indices
A(n) ____is a different form of a(n) ____.
allomorph / morpheme
morpheme / allomorph
affix / morpheme
The concept of morphemes and allomorphs is one of the most basic in ____ linguistics.
comparative
descriptive
contrastive
The concept of morphemes and allomorphs are considered as a tool and as an insight into the ____ of language.
definition
operation
explanation
The stem of an inflectional paradigm is the part of a word that remains after the ____ of all inflectional suffixes.
removal
revolutionary
proposal
An inflectional ____ is a set of related words composed of the same stem and all the inflectional suffixes that can go with this stem.
example
modal
paradigm
Immediate constituents are any of the two meaningful parts forming a larger ____ unit.
grammatical
functional
linguistic
If a word ends in a (n)____ suffix, the first cut is between this suffix and the rest of the word.
derivational
inflectional
lexical
Any matches between morphemes and syllables are ____.
forced
intended
fortuitous
A base is the morpheme in a word that has the ____ meaning.
independent
principal
stable
____is the formation of new words by adding affixes to other words or morphemes.
Derivation
Inflection
Classification
A ____ morpheme is one that can be uttered alone with meaning.
free
bound
complex
A morpheme recurs in different verbal environments with a relatively ____ meaning.
stable
diverted
flexible
We can recognize a morpheme by either its ____ or its grammatical meaning.
lexical
grammatical
pragmatic
Derivational affixes serve to supply the base with components of lexical and lexico-grammatical meanings, thus form ____ words.
different
similar
applied
Inflectional suffixes serve to convey ____ meaning. They build different forms of one and the same word.
functional
grammatical
lexical
A derivational paradigm is a set of related words ____ of the same base morpheme and all the derivational affixes that can go with this base.
obtained
composed
divided
Class-maintaining derivational affixes do not change the word class of the word to which they are ____.
attached
allocated
uttered
A ____ can never occur on its own but can only be joined to other bound morphemes.
root
free base
bound base
Inflectional affixes are representatives of grammatical ____.
phenomena
derivations
categories
Derivational affixes create new words out of ____ words or morphemes by their addition.
forming
existing
creating
Class-changing ____ affixes change the word class of the word to which they are attached.
lexical
inflectional
derivational
____ is the process of adding an affix to a word or changing it in some other way according to the rules of the grammar of a language.
Creation
Derivation
Inflection
A morpheme is a ____ of sounds or letters that can stand alone or be combined with other morphemes to form words.
collection
selection
combination
Immediate Constituent Analysis breaks down words/sentences into ____.
phonemes
meaningful subparts
syllables
The first cut for the word "unhappiness" divides it into ____.
"unhappy" + "-ness"
"un-" + "happiness"
"unhappi-" + "-ness"
When analyzing "disapprove," the immediate constituents are ____.
"dis-" + "approve"
"disap-" + "prove"
"dis-" + "approve"
The ultimate constituents of "nationalization" are ____.
"nation" + "-al" + "-ize" + "-ation"
"nation" + "-al" + "-ize" + "-ation"
"nation" + "alize" + "ation"
Which principle guides Immediate Constituent Analysis?
Each division should produce meaningful units.
Focus on syllable boundaries.
Prioritize phonological rules.
The word "replay" is first divided into ____.
"rep-" + "lay"
"re-" + "play"
"repl-" + "ay"
The immediate constituents of "blackbird" are ____.
"bla-" + "ckbird"
"black" + "bird"
"bl-" + "ackbird"
For "disloyalty," the correct IC division is ____.
"disloy-" + "-alty"
"dis-" + "loyalty"
"disloyal" + "-ty"
A free form is a unit that can ____.
only attach to bound morphemes
stand alone with meaning
never be an IC
The first cut in "unlockable" prioritizes ____.
splitting the root
separating the affix
dividing syllables
The word "friendship" is divided into ____.
"friend" + "-ship"
"friend" + "-ship"
"frien-" + "-dship"
The ultimate constituent of "happily" is ____.
"-ly"
"happy"
"happy" + "-ly"
Which word has three immediate constituents?
"runners"
"disrespectful"
"cats"
The ICs of "misinterpretation" are ____.
"mis-" + "interpretation"
"misinter-" + "pretation"
"mi-" + "sinterpretation"
In IC analysis, the term "cut" refers to ____.
syllable division
dividing a unit into two parts
removing affixes
The word "antidisestablishmentarianism" has ____ immediate constituents.
3
4
5
Which is NOT a criterion for IC division?
Matching syllable count
Producing free forms
Preserving meaning
The immediate constituents of "teacher" are ____.
"teach" + "-er"
"tea-" + "cher"
"t-" + "eacher"
The first division of "repainted" is ____.
"re-" + "painted"
"re-" + "painted"
"repain-" + "ted"
Which statement is true about IC analysis?
It reveals hierarchical structure.
It ignores morpheme boundaries.
It prioritizes sound over meaning.
What does morpheme "bio" in "biology" mean?
death
life
birth
Bound morphemes can change the meaning of a word or indicate grammatical ____ like tense, number, and gender.
phenomenon
variation
information
____ morphemes modify the grammatical function of a word.
Inflectional
Derivational
A&B
____ morphemes modify the meaning of a word and can create new words.
Derivational
Inflectional
A&B
Added to a verb base, the prefix 'un-' means '____'.
reverse
never
desire
Created by the application of ____, new words may enter the dictionary.
pragmatic rules
morphological rules
phonological rules
The derivational class-changing adjective-forming suffix {-able} has ____ allomorphs.
four
three
two
Knowing the meaning of each element of a compound word does not make it possible to ____ the meaning of the whole combination.
figure out
induct
translate
____ compounds are the ones in which the second element is the proper repetition of the first element with intensifying effect.
Reduplicative
Ablaut
Rhyme
____ compounds are twin forms consisting of one basic morpheme (usually the second), sometimes a pseudo-morpheme which is repeated in the other constituent with a different vowel.
Rhyme
Reduplicative
Ablaut
____ compounds are twin forms consisting of two elements (most often two pseudo-morphemes), which are conjoined to rhyme.
Rhyme
Reduplicative
Ablaut
____ is a word that expresses the behavior of appearing very virtuous and respected.
Pretty-pretty
Shilly-shally
Goody-goody
The plural of "datum" is ____.
datums
data
beide
The bound base "psycho-" in "psychology" means ____.
mind
body
soul
The process of forming "burgle" from "burglar" is ____.
back-formation
conversion
reduplication
The suffix "-hood" in "childhood" is ____.
inflectional
derivational
a cranberry morpheme
Which word contains a suppletive form?
"go" → "went"
"sing" → "sang"
"drink" → "drank"
The immediate constituents of "repaint" are ____.
"re-" + "paint"
"rep-" + "aint"
"repa-" + "int"
The ultimate constituent of "disloyalty" is ____.
"dis-"
"loyal"
"-ty"
In "unhappily," the first division is between ____.
"un-" + "happily"
"unhap-" + "pily"
"unhappy" + "-ly"
The suffix "-dom" in "kingdom" is ____.
inflectional
derivational
bound root
The word "misunderstanding" has ____ morphemes.
4
3
5
The prefix "sub-" in "submarine" means ____.
above
under
beside
The bound base "dict" in "predict" is a ____.
root
affix
allomorph
Which word contains an inflectional suffix?
"dogs"
"happiness"
"teacher"
The morpheme "graph-" in "autograph" is a ____.
free base
bound base
prefix
The ICs of "undercooked" are ____.
"under-" + "cooked"
"und-" + "ercooked"
"undercoo-" + "ked"
"FANUC" (Factory Automation Numerical Control) is a(n) ____.
acronym
initialism
blend
The word "moped" (motor + pedal) is a ____.
blend
compound
reduplicative
"Sci-fi" (science fiction) is formed by ____.
clipping
blending
acronymy
The process of creating "babysit" from "babysitter" is ____.
back-formation
conversion
inflection
The word "robot" entered English via ____.
borrowing
neologism
blending
The term for "dis-" in "disconnect" is a ____.
prefix
infix
suffix
"Staycation" (stay + vacation) is an example of ____.
blending
reduplication
compounding
____ constituents are any of the two meaningful parts forming a larger linguistic unit.
Immediate
Intermediate
Inflectional
If a word ends in a (n) ____ suffix, the first cut is between this suffix and the rest of the word.
derivational
inflectional
grammatical
One of the immediate constituents should be, if possible, a free form. A free form is one that can be ____ alone with meaning.
stood
uttered
located
The meanings of the IC's should be ____ the meaning of the word.
related to
derived from
dependent on
When we analyze a word, we show the process of word ____ in reverse.
analysis
formation
compound
First, we divide the word into two parts, then continue this way cutting every part into two more until we can reduce the word to its ____ constituents.
divided
ultimate
different
Ultimate constituents are those which cannot be ____ any more.
composed
divided
connected
"-al" in the word "arrival" is a(n) ____ noun-forming suffix meaning "process or state of'."
derivational class-changing
inflectional class-changing
derivational class-maintaining
"-s" in the word "builds" is an allomorph of the ____ morpheme.
present tense inflectional verb third person singular
inflectional verb present tense third person singular
third person singular present tense inflectional verb
The word "obstructionists" has _____ constituents.
3
4
5
The word "confidential" has _____ constituents.
3
4
5
The word "newspaperdom" has _____ constituents.
3
4
5
"mal-" in the word "malconstruction" is a derivational class-maintaining prefix meaning ____.
"good" or "right"
"bad" or "wrong"
"in" or "on"
"contra-" in the word "contradictionary" is a derivational class-maintaining prefix meaning ____.
"of' "or "concerned with"
"backwards" or "in response to"
"against" or "opposite to"
"-flam-" in the word "inflammation" is a(n) ____ of "flame".
allomorph
free base
phoneme
"Philosoph-" in "philosopher" is an allomorph of ____ .
"philosopher"
"philosophy"
"philosophic"
____ is the formation of new words by adding affixes to other words or morphemes.
Inflection
Classification
Derivation
A ____ morpheme is one that can be uttered alone with meaning.
single
bound
free
A morpheme recurs in different verbal environments with a relatively ____ meaning.
stable
changeable
flexible
We can recognize a morpheme by either its ____ or its grammatical meaning.
pragmatic
literate
lexical
The word "Icelandic" has ____ free bases which are nouns.
4
3
2
In the word "supernatural", "-al" is a derivational class-changing adj.-forming suffix meaning ____.
"of" or "concerning"
"action" or "condition of"
"with" or "for"
Inflectional suffixes serve to convey ____ meaning. They build different forms of one and the same word.
functional
grammatical
lexical
A derivational paradigm is a set of related words ____ of the same base morpheme and all the derivational affixes that can go with this base.
derived
obtained
composed
Class-maintaining derivational affixes do not change the word class of the word to which they are ____ .
attached
uttered
happened
"Brunch" (breakfast + lunch) is formed by ____.
blending
clipping
acronymy
The word "scuba" (Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) is a(n) ____.
acronym
back-formation
compound
"Televise" is derived from "television" via ____.
back-formation
conversion
inflection
Which is a reduplicative compound?
flip-flop
sunflower
postman
The process of forming "burger" from "hamburger" is ____.
clipping
blending
derivation
"Gym" is a clipped form of ____.
gymnasium
gymnastics
gynaecology
The word "motel" (motor + hotel) is a ____.
blend
acronym
compound
"FOMO" (Fear Of Missing Out) is an example of ____.
acronymy
back-formation
reduplication
The term for stress differences in "blackboard" (compound) vs. "black board" (phrase) is ____.
suprasegmental
phonemic
syntactic
Which is an example of suppletion?
"go" → "went"
"sing" → "sang"
"dog" → "dogs"
The process of forming "peddle" from "peddler" is ____.
back-formation
conversion
clipping
The term for stress differences in "HOT dog" (food) vs. "hot DOG" (animal) is ____.
suprasegmental
phonemic
syntactic
The compound "pickpocket" is ____ because the meaning isn't literal.
idiomatic
endocentric
coordinative
The morpheme "-ceive" in "deceive" and "receive" is a ____.
free base
cranberry morpheme
inflectional suffix
The word "biology" combines "bio-" (life) and "-logy" (study), making it a ____ compound.
subordinative
ablout
reduplicative
"Spork" (spoon + fork) is formed by ____.
blending
acronymy
back-formation
The term for creating "ad" from "advertisement" is ____.
clipping
conversion
inflection
Which is an initialism?
FBI
NASA
RADAR
The word "meme" originated as a ____.
neologism
borrowing
blend
"Glimmer" (from "gleam" + "shimmer") is a ____ compound.
rhyme
ablout
subordinative
The process of forming "editor" → "edit" is ____.
back-formation
conversion
derivation
The clipped form "flu" derives from ____.
influenza
fluid
fluke
"Fortnight" (from "fourteen nights") is an example of ____.
clipping
fossilization
blending
The word "cyborg" (cybernetic + organism) is a ____.
blend
acronym
compound
The term for stress in "MÁILbox" (compound) vs. "mail BÓX" (phrase) is ____.
primary-secondary
secondary-primary
tertiary
"Staycation" (stay + vacation) is a ____.
blend
reduplicative compound
acronym
A ____ may be described as the basic unit of language. Uniting meaning and form, it is composed of one or more morphemes.
word
morpheme
phoneme
A word is composed of one or more morphemes, each consisting of one or more spoken sounds or their written ____.
phenomena
representatives
generations
A word is 'the smallest linguistic unit which can occur on its own in ____ or writing'.
reading
listening
speech
In writing, word ____ are usually recognized by spaces between words.
meanings
lengths
boundaries
A word has a sound form because it is a certain arrangement of ____.
phonemes
morphemes
allomorphs
A word has its morphological structure, being a certain arrangement of ____.
allomorphs
phonemes
morphemes
A word has different ____ functions and signals various meanings.
pragmatic
syntactic
phonetic
One important characteristic of the word is its ____. It cannot be cut into without a disturbance of meaning.
indivisibility
visibility
ability
One of the characteristics of the word is that it tends to be internally stable (in terms of the order of the ___ morphemes).
bound
free
component
One of the characteristics of the word is that it tends to be positional mobile (____ with other words in the same sentence).
semi-rigid
stable
permutable
Unlike small linguistic units such as phonemes and morphemes, words have some freedom to move within a sentence ____ destroying their meaning.
without
with
for
English words may be classified on the basis of the kinds (free vs. bound morphemes) and the combinations of morphemes (free + free, or ____, or bound + bound) of which they are composed.
bound + free
free + bound
base + root
Complex words contain at least one bound morpheme as a(n) ____.
single free base
immediate constituent
single bound base
Compound words have at least two free bases with or without ____ morphemes.
base
free
bound
Some compounds are differentiated from ____ structures by their patterns of stress.
lexical
grammatical
syntactic
The ____ pattern enables us to contrast compound nouns like "bluebell", with the grammatical structures of a modifier plus a noun, as in "blue bell".
secondary- primary
primary-secondary
grammatical
The arrangement of the elements in a compound may differ from that of a ____ in order.
grammatical structure
functional
literal
Compound words are considered as ____ blocks.
flexible
semi-rigid
solid
It is said that compound words have ____ status. The meaning of a compound word is by no means closely related to that of each constituent.
ordered
idiomatic
non- hierarchical
____ compounds are the compounds in which the suffix is attached to the combination as a whole, not to one of its elements.
Inflectional
Derivational
Repetitive
Other similarly constructed compounds show that underlying the juxtaposition of words, different _____ relations are expressed.
phonological
grammatical
morphological
In English, clipped words are considered as _____ forms since they can occur on their own right.
semi-rigid
bound
free
____ is the creation of totally new words by changing proper names of individuals or places to common nouns.
Coinage
Borrowing
Clipping
____is the process of cutting off the beginning or the end of a word, or both, leaving a part (the abbreviation or the clipped word) to stand for the whole (the full form).
Clipping
Acronym
Coinage
____ is the process of deriving words by removing what is thought to be a suffix from an existing word.
Suffixation
Conversion
Back-formation
A cranberry morpheme, like "cran-" in "cranberry," has ____.
no independent meaning
a derivational function
inflectional properties
The plural of "cactus" is ____.
cactuses
cacti
both A and B
The compound "mother-in-law" is ____.
grammatically complex
a blend
a prefixation
The word "biology" contains a bound base meaning ____.
life
earth
study
The process of forming "enthuse" from "enthusiasm" is ____.
back-formation
conversion
compounding
The suffix "-able" in "readable" is ____.
inflectional
derivational
a free morpheme
Which is an example of suppletion?
"go" → "went"
"walk" → "walked"
"child" → "children"
The term for "un-" in "undo" is a ____.
prefix
infix
suffix
The word "bittersweet" is a(n) ____ compound.
coordinative
subordinative
ablout
The process of creating "selfie" from "self" is ____.
neologism
clipping
acronymy
The compound "greenhouse" has ____ stress on the first syllable.
primary
secondary
tertiary
The word "notebook" is a ____ compound.
subordinative
coordinative
reduplicative
Which compound uses rhyme?
hocus-pocus
sunflower
textbook
Pickpocket" is a ____ compound.
A. verb + object
B. noun + noun
C. adjective + noun
The stress in "white house" (phrase) vs. "White House" (compound) differs in ____.
A. emphasis
B. vowel length
C. pitch
The compound "bluebird" refers to ____.
A. a specific bird species
B. any blue bird
C. a poetic term
Sleepwalk" is a ____ compound.
A. verb + verb
B. noun + verb
C. adjective + noun
The term for compounds like "passerby" is ____.
A. synthetic
B. root
C. exocentric
Sit-in" (a protest) is a ____ compound.
A. phrasal
B. hyphenated
C. solid
The compound "airplane" is ____.
A. endocentric
B. exocentric
C. coordinative
The bound base "hydro-" in "hydrology" means ____.
A. water
B. earth
C. air
A morpheme like "cran-" in "cranberry" that has no independent meaning is called a ____.
A. cranberry morpheme
B. free base
C. infix
The term for irregular plural forms like "ox → oxen" is ____.
A. suppletion
B. ablaut
C. umlaut
A bound base is a morpheme that ____.
A. can stand alone as a word
B. must attach to other morphemes
C. changes grammatical tense
The bound base "psycho-" in "psychology" relates to ____.
A. mind
B. body
C. energy
The bound base "chrono-," as in "chronology," means ____.
A. time
B. space
C. light
Which bound base means "life"?
A. bio- (biology)
B. geo- (geology)
C. hydro- (hydrology)
The bound base "morph-" in "metamorphosis" means ____.
A. form
B. change
C. size
The bound base "therm-" in "thermometer" relates to ____.
A. heat
B. light
C. sound
The bound base "graph-" in "autograph" means ____.
A. write
B. draw
C. speak
The bound base "derm-" in "dermatology" refers to ____
A. skin
B. bones
C. blood
The bound base "phon-" in "telephone" means ____.
A. sound
B. light
C. distance
The bound base "path-" in "pathology" means ____.
A. disease
B. emotion
C. study
The bound base "hydro-" in "hydroelectric" means ____.
A. water
B. energy
The bound base "geo-" in "geography" refers to ____.
A. earth
B. sky
C. ocean
The bound base "phil-" in "philosophy" means ____.
A. love
B. wisdom
C. knowledge
The bound base "log-" in "biology" means ____.
A. study
B. life
C. word
The bound base "tele-" in "television" means ____.
A. distance
B. sight
C. sound
The bound base "struct-" in "construction" means ____.
A. Build
B. break
C. design
The bound base "audi-" in "audience" relates to ____.
A. hearing
B. speaking
C. seeing
The bound base "ped-" in "pedestrian" means ____.
A. foot
B. child
C. road
The bound base "scope-" in "telescope" means ____.
A. viewing instrument
B. distance
C. light
The bound base "cycl-" in "bicycle" means ____.
A. wheel
B. circle
C. motion
