WorksheetsMS-LS3-1 Common Assessment Review
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 11mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A ___________ is part of the DNA code on a chromosome.
a)
trait
b)
gene
c)
cell
d)
model
2.
Which of the following is NOT part of a chromosome?
a)
proteins
b)
cell
c)
deoxyribonucleic acid
d)
DNA
3.
Most mutations occur randomly.
a)
True
b)
False
4.
Mutations cause changes in ________________.
a)
elements
b)
compounds
c)
essential nutrients
d)
proteins
5.
Mutations can be
a)
beneficial to an organism
b)
neutral to an organism
c)
harmful to an organism
d)
they can be any of the above
6.
Most genes contain instructions for making ____________.
a)
proteins
b)
traits
c)
cell
d)
model
7.
Identify the type of mutation.
a)
Insertion
b)
Substitution
c)
Deletion
8.
Identify the type of mutation.
a)
Insertion
b)
Substitution
c)
Deletion
9.
Identify the type of mutation.
a)
Insertion
b)
Substitution
c)
Deletion
10.
What do beneficial mutation do?
a)
increse chances of survival
b)
increase risk of cancer
c)
decrease chances of survival
d)
nothing
11.
Gorillas are usually dark gray or black in color. Occasionally a white gorilla, or albino, is born. This happens because:
a)
DNA does not copy itself during mitosis
b)
too many white fur cells are produced
c)
a mutation in the gene for fur occurs
d)
one of the parents has white fur
12.
A mutation is best described as:
a)
the formation of a DNA sequence
b)
a change in a DNA sequence
c)
the base of a DNA sequence
d)
the copy of a DNA sequence
13.
What do harmful mutation do?
a)
increase chances of survival
b)
increase an individual's immunity to cancer
c)
decrease chances of survival
d)
nothing
14.
__________________ mutations are those that are neither harmful nor beneficial.
a)
beneficial
b)
harmful
c)
neutral
15.
Some humans have bones that are significantly stronger and denser than average due to a genetic mutation. Is this mutation beneficial, neutral, or harmful?
a)
beneficial
b)
neutral
c)
harmful
16.
Some humans have attached earlobes, some have detached earlobes. Is this mutation beneficial, neutral, or harmful?
a)
beneficial
b)
neutral
c)
harmful
17.
People who smoke are exposed to dozens of mutagenic chemicals and therefore have an increased chance of developing lung cancer. Is this mutation beneficial, neutral, or harmful?
a)
beneficial
b)
neutral
c)
harmful
18.
A mutation occurs whenever one of the bases in DNA is changed. What letters represent those bases?
a)
A, T, C, F
b)
D, T, C, G
c)
A, U, C, T
d)
A, T, C, G
19.
A mutation in the CFTG Gene found on chromosome 7 can cause cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis cause mucus build up and it can block the airways in lungs and affect digestion. Is this mutation beneficial, neutral, or harmful?
a)
beneficial
b)
neutral
c)
harmful
20.
Blue eyes in humans is the result of a genetic mutation. Is this mutation beneficial, neutral, or harmful?
a)
benficial
b)
neutral
c)
harmful
21.
Scientists have discovered a genetic mutation that enables a plant to better survive drought without losing mass. This is a significant discovery, as this could lessen the amount of water needed for plants to grow and could help plants live and flourish in unfavorable environments, such as during a drought.
Stomata, which are small openings on the surface of plants through which carbon dioxide enters and water is released through transpiration, are opened and closed naturally by plants.
During a drought, there is less water available for plants. Because of this, a plant might close its stomata during a drought in order to lose less water. However, this also lessens the amount of carbon dioxide that the plant receives, and plants need carbon dioxide in order to make food and grow.
There are 20 genes that are known to control stomata. Researchers found that a genetic mutation in the gene GTL1 reduced the number of stomata in a plant. SDD1 is the gene that controls the number of stomata in leaves. In the plant with the mutation in the gene GTL1, the gene SDD1 was strongly expressed, which caused the plant to have fewer stomata. This created a balance between the amount of carbon dioxide the plant could take in and the amount of water it lost during transpiration.
With fewer stomata and a decrease in transpiration, mutant plants have increased drought tolerance, as they can store more water during a drought. The mutant plants had the same biomass as a wild plant type, indicating little to no loss in mass or plant yield. The next step for researchers is to figure out how the GTL1 mutation affects crop plants, such as corn and wheat.
Question:
The mutation in the GTL1 gene is an insertion mutation, which means that one or more base pairs are added to a DNA sequence.
A student develops a simplified model of structural changes in genes on chromosomes, using a long piece of string for the chromosome and different-colored beads representing the different base pairs of DNA. The student models the mutation by adding a bead into the sequence for the normal GTL1 gene.
How can the student best use the model to explain the mutation?
a)
The model represents a structural change to the gene, resulting in a change in the structure, but not the function, of the plant.
b)
The model represents a structural change to the gene, resulting in a change in the function, but not the structure, of the plant.
c)
The model represents a structural change to the gene, which has no effect on the structure or function of the plant.
d)
The model represents a structural change to the gene, resulting in a change in the structure and function of the plant.
100 %
