The stethoscope is considered as an iconic symbol of medicine. It was invented in 1816 by the French physician René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826). At that time, in order to diagnose the patient’s conditions, doctors had to use immediate auscultation, which means placing their ears directly on the chests of patients to hear the heartbeat. This could be quite embarrassing for female patients. One day, while walking in Paris, Dr. René saw two children
sending signals to each other using a long piece of solid wood and making scratching sounds with a pin. It was this observation that inspired his invention of the stethoscope. First, he tested this idea by rolling up a piece of paper and then used it to listen to his patient’s chest. He was surprised that he was able to hear his patient’s heartbeat more clearly. Dr. René later experimented with different types of materials until he finally decided upon a hollow tube of wood. He called this instrument “the cylinder” due to its shape. Then, he changed its name into the “stethoscope” because from the Greek ‘stethos’ means chest and ‘skopein’ means examining. In 1851, an Irish doctor named Arthur Leared invented a binaural version of the stethoscope. A year later, George Cammann created a flexible, rubber stethoscope and it was put into mass
production. Throughout the 20th century, many minor improvements were made to the stethoscope to reduce weight, improve acoustic quality, and filter out external noise. Electronic
versions of the stethoscope were also introduced to further amplify the sounds inside the body. During the Covid-19 pandemic, digital stethoscopes are seen as a major rise in popularity. A digital stethoscope is able to convert an acoustic sound to electronic signals which can be transmitted to a personal computer, and doctors can remotely listen to it.

The stethoscope is considered as an iconic symbol of medicine. It was invented in 1816 by the French physician René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826). At that time, in order to diagnose the patient’s conditions, doctors had to use immediate auscultation, which means placing their ears directly on the chests of patients to hear the heartbeat. This could be quite embarrassing for female patients. One day, while walking in Paris, Dr. René saw two children
sending signals to each other using a long piece of solid wood and making scratching sounds with a pin. It was this observation that inspired his invention of the stethoscope. First, he tested this idea by rolling up a piece of paper and then used it to listen to his patient’s chest. He was surprised that he was able to hear his patient’s heartbeat more clearly. Dr. René later experimented with different types of materials until he finally decided upon a hollow tube of wood. He called this instrument “the cylinder” due to its shape. Then, he changed its name into the “stethoscope” because from the Greek ‘stethos’ means chest and ‘skopein’ means examining. In 1851, an Irish doctor named Arthur Leared invented a binaural version of the stethoscope. A year later, George Cammann created a flexible, rubber stethoscope and it was put into mass
production. Throughout the 20th century, many minor improvements were made to the stethoscope to reduce weight, improve acoustic quality, and filter out external noise. Electronic
versions of the stethoscope were also introduced to further amplify the sounds inside the body. During the Covid-19 pandemic, digital stethoscopes are seen as a major rise in popularity. A digital stethoscope is able to convert an acoustic sound to electronic signals which can be transmitted to a personal computer, and doctors can remotely listen to it.

The stethoscope is considered as an iconic symbol of medicine. It was invented in 1816 by the French physician René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826). At that time, in order to diagnose the patient’s conditions, doctors had to use immediate auscultation, which means placing their ears directly on the chests of patients to hear the heartbeat. This could be quite embarrassing for female patients. One day, while walking in Paris, Dr. René saw two children
sending signals to each other using a long piece of solid wood and making scratching sounds with a pin. It was this observation that inspired his invention of the stethoscope. First, he tested this idea by rolling up a piece of paper and then used it to listen to his patient’s chest. He was surprised that he was able to hear his patient’s heartbeat more clearly. Dr. René later experimented with different types of materials until he finally decided upon a hollow tube of wood. He called this instrument “the cylinder” due to its shape. Then, he changed its name into the “stethoscope” because from the Greek ‘stethos’ means chest and ‘skopein’ means examining. In 1851, an Irish doctor named Arthur Leared invented a binaural version of the stethoscope. A year later, George Cammann created a flexible, rubber stethoscope and it was put into mass
production. Throughout the 20th century, many minor improvements were made to the stethoscope to reduce weight, improve acoustic quality, and filter out external noise. Electronic
versions of the stethoscope were also introduced to further amplify the sounds inside the body. During the Covid-19 pandemic, digital stethoscopes are seen as a major rise in popularity. A digital stethoscope is able to convert an acoustic sound to electronic signals which can be transmitted to a personal computer, and doctors can remotely listen to it.

The stethoscope is considered as an iconic symbol of medicine. It was invented in 1816 by the French physician René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826). At that time, in order to diagnose the patient’s conditions, doctors had to use immediate auscultation, which means placing their ears directly on the chests of patients to hear the heartbeat. This could be quite embarrassing for female patients. One day, while walking in Paris, Dr. René saw two children
sending signals to each other using a long piece of solid wood and making scratching sounds with a pin. It was this observation that inspired his invention of the stethoscope. First, he tested this idea by rolling up a piece of paper and then used it to listen to his patient’s chest. He was surprised that he was able to hear his patient’s heartbeat more clearly. Dr. René later experimented with different types of materials until he finally decided upon a hollow tube of wood. He called this instrument “the cylinder” due to its shape. Then, he changed its name into the “stethoscope” because from the Greek ‘stethos’ means chest and ‘skopein’ means examining. In 1851, an Irish doctor named Arthur Leared invented a binaural version of the stethoscope. A year later, George Cammann created a flexible, rubber stethoscope and it was put into mass
production. Throughout the 20th century, many minor improvements were made to the stethoscope to reduce weight, improve acoustic quality, and filter out external noise. Electronic
versions of the stethoscope were also introduced to further amplify the sounds inside the body. During the Covid-19 pandemic, digital stethoscopes are seen as a major rise in popularity. A digital stethoscope is able to convert an acoustic sound to electronic signals which can be transmitted to a personal computer, and doctors can remotely listen to it.

The stethoscope is considered as an iconic symbol of medicine. It was invented in 1816 by the French physician René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826). At that time, in order to diagnose the patient’s conditions, doctors had to use immediate auscultation, which means placing their ears directly on the chests of patients to hear the heartbeat. This could be quite embarrassing for female patients. One day, while walking in Paris, Dr. René saw two children
sending signals to each other using a long piece of solid wood and making scratching sounds with a pin. It was this observation that inspired his invention of the stethoscope. First, he tested this idea by rolling up a piece of paper and then used it to listen to his patient’s chest. He was surprised that he was able to hear his patient’s heartbeat more clearly. Dr. René later experimented with different types of materials until he finally decided upon a hollow tube of wood. He called this instrument “the cylinder” due to its shape. Then, he changed its name into the “stethoscope” because from the Greek ‘stethos’ means chest and ‘skopein’ means examining. In 1851, an Irish doctor named Arthur Leared invented a binaural version of the stethoscope. A year later, George Cammann created a flexible, rubber stethoscope and it was put into mass
production. Throughout the 20th century, many minor improvements were made to the stethoscope to reduce weight, improve acoustic quality, and filter out external noise. Electronic
versions of the stethoscope were also introduced to further amplify the sounds inside the body. During the Covid-19 pandemic, digital stethoscopes are seen as a major rise in popularity. A digital stethoscope is able to convert an acoustic sound to electronic signals which can be transmitted to a personal computer, and doctors can remotely listen to it.

Many people would feel a little bit worried about travelling in an autonomous, or self-driving car. However, this kind of transport is already a reality. The idea behind self-driving cars is fairly simple: build a car with cameras and radars that can (31)___________  the vehicle’s surroundings in 360 degrees, perfectly distinguishing road markings, traffic signs, vehicles, people, and all other elements in the environment. The in-car computers then use this information to predict how other objects will move, and determines its own route. There are plenty of advantages to self-driving cars. Imagine getting into your car, typing or saying a(n)  (32)___________  into your vehicle’s interface (giao diện), then letting it   (33)___________  you to your destination while you read a book, surf the web, or nap. Moreover, self-driving vehicles (34)___________  to be safer. “These cars won’t get drunk or high, drive too fast, or take unnecessary risks – things people do all the time”, said Robin Chase – the founder of Buzzcar. Unfortunately, at the moment, fully self-driving vehicles are not readily available. Although some automakers and technology companies are getting closer and closer to coming out with fully autonomous vehicles, they're still years away. Still, there are a few vehicles that offer advanced driver  (35)___________  features that make them close to being able to drive themselves, such as audible alerts, visual displays or warning signals.

Many people would feel a little bit worried about travelling in an autonomous, or self-driving car. However, this kind of transport is already a reality. The idea behind self-driving cars is fairly simple: build a car with cameras and radars that can (31)___________  the vehicle’s surroundings in 360 degrees, perfectly distinguishing road markings, traffic signs, vehicles, people, and all other elements in the environment. The in-car computers then use this information to predict how other objects will move, and determines its own route. There are plenty of advantages to self-driving cars. Imagine getting into your car, typing or saying a(n)  (32)___________  into your vehicle’s interface (giao diện), then letting it   (33)___________  you to your destination while you read a book, surf the web, or nap. Moreover, self-driving vehicles (34)___________  to be safer. “These cars won’t get drunk or high, drive too fast, or take unnecessary risks – things people do all the time”, said Robin Chase – the founder of Buzzcar. Unfortunately, at the moment, fully self-driving vehicles are not readily available. Although some automakers and technology companies are getting closer and closer to coming out with fully autonomous vehicles, they're still years away. Still, there are a few vehicles that offer advanced driver  (35)___________  features that make them close to being able to drive themselves, such as audible alerts, visual displays or warning signals.

Many people would feel a little bit worried about travelling in an autonomous, or self-driving car. However, this kind of transport is already a reality. The idea behind self-driving cars is fairly simple: build a car with cameras and radars that can (31)___________  the vehicle’s surroundings in 360 degrees, perfectly distinguishing road markings, traffic signs, vehicles, people, and all other elements in the environment. The in-car computers then use this information to predict how other objects will move, and determines its own route. There are plenty of advantages to self-driving cars. Imagine getting into your car, typing or saying a(n)  (32)___________  into your vehicle’s interface (giao diện), then letting it   (33)___________  you to your destination while you read a book, surf the web, or nap. Moreover, self-driving vehicles (34)___________  to be safer. “These cars won’t get drunk or high, drive too fast, or take unnecessary risks – things people do all the time”, said Robin Chase – the founder of Buzzcar. Unfortunately, at the moment, fully self-driving vehicles are not readily available. Although some automakers and technology companies are getting closer and closer to coming out with fully autonomous vehicles, they're still years away. Still, there are a few vehicles that offer advanced driver  (35)___________  features that make them close to being able to drive themselves, such as audible alerts, visual displays or warning signals.

Many people would feel a little bit worried about travelling in an autonomous, or self-driving car. However, this kind of transport is already a reality. The idea behind self-driving cars is fairly simple: build a car with cameras and radars that can (31)___________  the vehicle’s surroundings in 360 degrees, perfectly distinguishing road markings, traffic signs, vehicles, people, and all other elements in the environment. The in-car computers then use this information to predict how other objects will move, and determines its own route. There are plenty of advantages to self-driving cars. Imagine getting into your car, typing or saying a(n)  (32)___________  into your vehicle’s interface (giao diện), then letting it   (33)___________  you to your destination while you read a book, surf the web, or nap. Moreover, self-driving vehicles (34)___________  to be safer. “These cars won’t get drunk or high, drive too fast, or take unnecessary risks – things people do all the time”, said Robin Chase – the founder of Buzzcar. Unfortunately, at the moment, fully self-driving vehicles are not readily available. Although some automakers and technology companies are getting closer and closer to coming out with fully autonomous vehicles, they're still years away. Still, there are a few vehicles that offer advanced driver  (35)___________  features that make them close to being able to drive themselves, such as audible alerts, visual displays or warning signals.

Many people would feel a little bit worried about travelling in an autonomous, or self-driving car. However, this kind of transport is already a reality. The idea behind self-driving cars is fairly simple: build a car with cameras and radars that can (31)___________  the vehicle’s surroundings in 360 degrees, perfectly distinguishing road markings, traffic signs, vehicles, people, and all other elements in the environment. The in-car computers then use this information to predict how other objects will move, and determines its own route. There are plenty of advantages to self-driving cars. Imagine getting into your car, typing or saying a(n)  (32)___________  into your vehicle’s interface (giao diện), then letting it   (33)___________  you to your destination while you read a book, surf the web, or nap. Moreover, self-driving vehicles (34)___________  to be safer. “These cars won’t get drunk or high, drive too fast, or take unnecessary risks – things people do all the time”, said Robin Chase – the founder of Buzzcar. Unfortunately, at the moment, fully self-driving vehicles are not readily available. Although some automakers and technology companies are getting closer and closer to coming out with fully autonomous vehicles, they're still years away. Still, there are a few vehicles that offer advanced driver  (35)___________  features that make them close to being able to drive themselves, such as audible alerts, visual displays or warning signals.

Social media is one of the most important inventions in the 21st century. According to Huffpost, about 1.39 billion of people log in to Facebook each month to scroll their News Feed, communicate with friends and post comments. If Facebook were a country, it would be one of the most populous nations on earth. Social media has revolutionised the way we connect and communicate with others. We can send and receive messages offline and in real time, audio and video chatting, sharing pictures, videos and texts, go “live” to audience, and so on. Moreover, social media connects people and businesses across continents. Today, businesses rely on social media to create brand awareness as well as to promote and sell their products. It allows organisations to reach customers, irrespective of geographical boundaries.

Sadly, there are several negative sides of this innovation. Social media lets you see the carefully selected best parts of everyone else’s lives, which you then compare to the negatives in your own life. As a result, this may create the feeling that everyone is better than you or everyone is living a good life except you. It is a sure path to anxiety, depression and makes you devalue your own ways of life. Cyberbullying is also an alarming problem. While bullying is not a new concept, social media has brought bullying to a new level. People use the anonymity that social networks provide to embarrass, humiliate or threaten someone. This can include sending mean texts or emails, posting hurtful messages on social media sites, or spreading rumours online. And as it turns out, cyberbullying doesn’t just affect kids. Adults can become victims of online abuse, too.

Social media is one of the most important inventions in the 21st century. According to Huffpost, about 1.39 billion of people log in to Facebook each month to scroll their News Feed, communicate with friends and post comments. If Facebook were a country, it would be one of the most populous nations on earth. Social media has revolutionised the way we connect and communicate with others. We can send and receive messages offline and in real time, audio and video chatting, sharing pictures, videos and texts, go “live” to audience, and so on. Moreover, social media connects people and businesses across continents. Today, businesses rely on social media to create brand awareness as well as to promote and sell their products. It allows organisations to reach customers, irrespective of geographical boundaries.

Sadly, there are several negative sides of this innovation. Social media lets you see the carefully selected best parts of everyone else’s lives, which you then compare to the negatives in your own life. As a result, this may create the feeling that everyone is better than you or everyone is living a good life except you. It is a sure path to anxiety, depression and makes you devalue your own ways of life. Cyberbullying is also an alarming problem. While bullying is not a new concept, social media has brought bullying to a new level. People use the anonymity that social networks provide to embarrass, humiliate or threaten someone. This can include sending mean texts or emails, posting hurtful messages on social media sites, or spreading rumours online. And as it turns out, cyberbullying doesn’t just affect kids. Adults can become victims of online abuse, too.

Social media is one of the most important inventions in the 21st century. According to Huffpost, about 1.39 billion of people log in to Facebook each month to scroll their News Feed, communicate with friends and post comments. If Facebook were a country, it would be one of the most populous nations on earth. Social media has revolutionised the way we connect and communicate with others. We can send and receive messages offline and in real time, audio and video chatting, sharing pictures, videos and texts, go “live” to audience, and so on. Moreover, social media connects people and businesses across continents. Today, businesses rely on social media to create brand awareness as well as to promote and sell their products. It allows organisations to reach customers, irrespective of geographical boundaries.

Sadly, there are several negative sides of this innovation. Social media lets you see the carefully selected best parts of everyone else’s lives, which you then compare to the negatives in your own life. As a result, this may create the feeling that everyone is better than you or everyone is living a good life except you. It is a sure path to anxiety, depression and makes you devalue your own ways of life. Cyberbullying is also an alarming problem. While bullying is not a new concept, social media has brought bullying to a new level. People use the anonymity that social networks provide to embarrass, humiliate or threaten someone. This can include sending mean texts or emails, posting hurtful messages on social media sites, or spreading rumours online. And as it turns out, cyberbullying doesn’t just affect kids. Adults can become victims of online abuse, too.

Social media is one of the most important inventions in the 21st century. According to Huffpost, about 1.39 billion of people log in to Facebook each month to scroll their News Feed, communicate with friends and post comments. If Facebook were a country, it would be one of the most populous nations on earth. Social media has revolutionised the way we connect and communicate with others. We can send and receive messages offline and in real time, audio and video chatting, sharing pictures, videos and texts, go “live” to audience, and so on. Moreover, social media connects people and businesses across continents. Today, businesses rely on social media to create brand awareness as well as to promote and sell their products. It allows organisations to reach customers, irrespective of geographical boundaries.

Sadly, there are several negative sides of this innovation. Social media lets you see the carefully selected best parts of everyone else’s lives, which you then compare to the negatives in your own life. As a result, this may create the feeling that everyone is better than you or everyone is living a good life except you. It is a sure path to anxiety, depression and makes you devalue your own ways of life. Cyberbullying is also an alarming problem. While bullying is not a new concept, social media has brought bullying to a new level. People use the anonymity that social networks provide to embarrass, humiliate or threaten someone. This can include sending mean texts or emails, posting hurtful messages on social media sites, or spreading rumours online. And as it turns out, cyberbullying doesn’t just affect kids. Adults can become victims of online abuse, too.

Social media is one of the most important inventions in the 21st century. According to Huffpost, about 1.39 billion of people log in to Facebook each month to scroll their News Feed, communicate with friends and post comments. If Facebook were a country, it would be one of the most populous nations on earth. Social media has revolutionised the way we connect and communicate with others. We can send and receive messages offline and in real time, audio and video chatting, sharing pictures, videos and texts, go “live” to audience, and so on. Moreover, social media connects people and businesses across continents. Today, businesses rely on social media to create brand awareness as well as to promote and sell their products. It allows organisations to reach customers, irrespective of geographical boundaries.

Sadly, there are several negative sides of this innovation. Social media lets you see the carefully selected best parts of everyone else’s lives, which you then compare to the negatives in your own life. As a result, this may create the feeling that everyone is better than you or everyone is living a good life except you. It is a sure path to anxiety, depression and makes you devalue your own ways of life. Cyberbullying is also an alarming problem. While bullying is not a new concept, social media has brought bullying to a new level. People use the anonymity that social networks provide to embarrass, humiliate or threaten someone. This can include sending mean texts or emails, posting hurtful messages on social media sites, or spreading rumours online. And as it turns out, cyberbullying doesn’t just affect kids. Adults can become victims of online abuse, too.