WorksheetsGenetics and DNA
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Dominant allele
Describes an allele that is always expressed.
Describes an allele that is only expressed in the homozygous state.
Describes an allele that is masked by a recessive allele.
Describes an allele that has no effect on the phenotype.
An environmental risk of genetic engineering includes negative environmental impacts, e.g., reduction in biodiversity, impact on food chain, contamination of non-GM crops forming ‘superweeds’.
Reduction in biodiversity
Increase in crop yield
Improvement of soil quality
Enhanced nutritional value of crops
Classification
Genetic profiling helps in the classification of organisms.
Genetic profiling is used to determine the age of organisms.
Genetic profiling is primarily used for agricultural purposes.
Genetic profiling is a method for identifying the color of organisms.
Sugar in DNA
Part of the backbone of DNA, alternating with phosphate.
A type of protein found in cells.
A component of RNA only.
A source of energy for cellular processes.
Base pairing in DNA
A pairs with C and T pairs with G.
A pairs with T and C pairs with G.
A pairs with G and T pairs with C.
A pairs with T and C pairs with A.
Enzymes in genetic profiling
Used to cut DNA into fragments.
Used to amplify DNA sequences.
Used to sequence RNA molecules.
Used to repair damaged DNA strands.
What are genetically engineered organisms known as?
GM organisms.
GE organisms.
Bioengineered organisms.
Synthetic organisms.
A risk associated with the long-term effects of GM crops is that the long-term effects of consumption of GM crops are unknown.
The long-term effects are well-studied and understood.
There is a risk of allergic reactions to GM crops.
The long-term effects of consumption of GM crops are unknown.
GM crops are guaranteed to be safe for consumption.
Gene
A length of DNA that codes for the production of a particular protein.
A type of RNA that helps in protein synthesis.
A segment of protein that determines traits in an organism.
A molecule that carries genetic information from one generation to the next.
DNA bases
A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine), G (guanine)
A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine), U (uracil)
A (adenine), T (thymine), G (guanine), C (cytosine)
A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine), X (xanthine)
Single gene inheritance
Inheritance determined by a single gene
Inheritance influenced by multiple genes
Inheritance that skips generations
Inheritance that is only environmental
A benefit of genetic engineering related to crop yields is increased crop yields for growing population, e.g., herbicide-resistance, disease-resistance.
Increased crop yields for growing population
Decreased reliance on fertilizers
Higher labor costs for farmers
Longer growing seasons for all crops
DNA structure
DNA is a single-stranded polymer of nucleotides.
DNA is a double-stranded polymer of nucleotides, wound to form a double helix.
DNA is a triple-stranded structure that forms a loop.
DNA is a linear sequence of amino acids.
Cytosine pairs with
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Guanine (G)
Uracil (U)
Steps in genetic profiling
1. Sample of cells collected, DNA extracted from cells, DNA sample cut into fragments using enzymes, Fragments separated into bands, creating a genetic profile
1. DNA extracted from cells, Fragments separated into bands, Sample of cells collected, DNA sample cut into fragments using enzymes
1. Fragments separated into bands, DNA sample cut into fragments using enzymes, Sample of cells collected, DNA extracted from cells
1. Sample of cells collected, Fragments separated into bands, DNA extracted from cells, DNA sample cut into fragments using enzymes
A medical application of genetic engineering is producing insulin-producing bacteria.
Producing insulin-producing bacteria
Creating genetically modified crops
Developing new antibiotics
Enhancing human physical abilities
Use of a punnett square in sex determination.
A punnett square can be used to illustrate sex determination.
A punnett square is used to determine the color of flowers.
A punnett square helps in calculating the age of an organism.
A punnett square is used to measure the height of plants.
Sex chromosomes in humans.
They are responsible for determining eye color.
They are one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes that determines sex.
They are involved in the immune response.
They are the same in all humans regardless of sex.
Monohybrid inheritance
The inheritance of a single gene
The inheritance of multiple genes
The inheritance of traits from both parents
The inheritance of environmental factors
Carrier genotype for PKU
Pp genotype
PP genotype
pp genotype
PpPp genotype
