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Logical Reasoning & Fallacies Practice - Homework

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A personal attack meant to discredit one’s opponent

a)

Ad Hominem

b)

Appeal to Nature

c)

Bandwagon

d)

Circular Reasoning

e)

Guilt by Association

2.

Assumes the POPULAR choice is always the best choice

a)

Ad Hominem

b)

Appeal to Nature

c)

Bandwagon

d)

Circular Reasoning

e)

Guilt by Association

3.

Supports a claim with the claim itself

a)

Red Herring

b)

Appeal to Nature

c)

Bandwagon

d)

Circular Reasoning

e)

Guilt by Association

4.

The use of a completely unrelated topic in support of a claim

a)

Red Herring

b)

Appeal to Nature

c)

Bandwagon

d)

Circular Reasoning

e)

Guilt by Association

5.

A very broad claim based on very little evidence

a)

False Causation

b)

False Dichotomy

c)

Hasty Generalization

d)

Straw Man

6.

A misrepresentation of an opponent’s position that makes it easier to argue against

a)

False Causation

b)

False Dichotomy

c)

Hasty Generalization

d)

Straw Man

7.

Officer, I was only driving as fast as everyone around me. I'm sure I wasn't speeding.

a)

Ad Hominem

b)

Appeal to Nature

c)

Bandwagon

d)

Circular Reasoning

e)

Guilt by Association

8.

Sure, we haven't given raises to our employees in more than ten years. However, we do pride ourselves on providing customer service in over seven different languages.

a)

Red Herring

b)

Appeal to Nature

c)

Bandwagon

d)

Circular Reasoning

e)

Guilt by Association

9.

No one in your family surfs? But I thought you said you lived in California before this.

a)

False Causation

b)

False Dichotomy

c)

Hasty Generalization

d)

Straw Man

10.

A conclusion based on the premise, “if this, then that” often, the assembly of a causal chain of events that result in an unlikely or extreme outcome

a)


strawman

b)


slippery slope

c)


ad populum

d)


circular reasoning

11.

An oversimplification of and subsequent attack on the viewpoint of another or the misrepresentation of the viewpoint of another

a)

Slippery slope

b)

ad populum

c)

strawman

d)

circular reasoning

12.

Using an argument’s conclusion as a premise for proving the argument

a)


slippery slope

b)


strawman

c)


ad populum

d)

circular reasoning

13.

Identify the fallacy.

a)

false analogy

b)

ad populum (bandwagon)

c)

ad hominem

d)

circular reasoning

14.

An error in thinking or reasoning

a)

Logical Fallacy

b)

Opinion

c)

Main Idea

d)

Conflict

15.

A conclusion or reply that does not follow the previous statement in a logical manner.

a)


non sequitur

b)


hasty generalization

c)

false analogy

d)


red herring

16.

A general statement or conclusion that is made without sufficient evidence

a)

false analogy

b)


non sequitur

c)


hasty generalization

d)


red herring

17.

An analogy that incorrectly connects two things based on other shared characteristics

a)


ad hominem

b)


false analogy

c)

red herring

d)

hasty generalization

18.

A tactic that is used to distract from an argument by avoiding key issues or ignoring opposing views

a)


non sequitur

b)


ad hominem

c)


false analogy

d)


red herring

19.

An attack on or criticism of someone’s character rather than the logic or content of the argument

a)

ad hominem

b)

false analogy

c)


red herring

d)


hasty generalization

20.

Oh, please. What would you know about labor laws? You don’t even have a job.

a)

Ad Hominem

b)

Fear

c)

Hasty Generalization

d)

Appeal to emotion

21.

She was wearing cowboy boots in her last Instagram picture so she must be into country music.

a)

Hasty Generalization

b)

Circular Reasoning

c)

Ad populum

d)

No fallacy

22.

What is deductive reasoning?

a)

An argument that attacks the man and not the argument

b)

The reasoning most used by detectives

c)

Reasoning that relies on patterns and incomplete information to offer the most likely and simplest explanation

d)

Reasoning beginning with a broad general statement to end up with a specific factual statement

23.

A logical fallacy that draws an extreme or unlikely conclusion about consequences of an action is called

a)

ad hominem

b)

slippery slope

c)

red herring

d)

hasty generalization

24.

Reasoning used by detectives based on specific observations, knowledge of patterns and incomplete information to offer the most likely explanation is called

a)

abductive reasoning

b)

deductive reasoning

c)

an argument

d)

inductive reasoning

25.

I bought an apple every day for a week and each one was bruised, so if I buy an apple today it will also be bruised. This is an example of

a)

inductive reasoning

b)

slippery slope

c)

red herring

d)

deductive reasoning

26.

All even numbers are divisible by two, therefore, 14 is divisible by two.  This is an example of

a)

Inductive reasoning

b)

Abductive reasoning

c)

Deductive reasoning

d)

Argument

27.

Which of these takes attention away from the issue being discussed by shifting to something off topic?

a)

slippery slope

b)

red herring

c)

hasty generalization

d)

ad hominem

28.

All men are mortal, and Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates likes dogs.

a)

Ad Hominem

b)

Hasty Generalization

c)

Non Sequitur

d)

Straw Man

29.

Diverts attention from the original issue by shifting to another issue/topic

a)

Hasty generalization

b)

red herring

c)

ad hominem/ personal attack

d)

appeal to logos

30.

What is a fallacy that presents information that does not follow logically from a premise

a)

slippery slope

b)

non sequitur

c)

red herring

d)

either / or

31.

If you allow one student to take an online course, soon

everyone will want to, and the schools will be empty.

a)

Slippery Slope

b)

Band Wagon

c)

Ambiguity

d)

Insufficient Evidence

32.

If you eat a good diet, you will never have a heart attack.

a)

Misplaced cause and effect

b)

Band Wagon

c)

Ambiguity

d)

Hasty Generalization

33.

Only a selfish, non-caring person would believe that this is ok.

a)

Ad Hominem

b)

Band Wagon

c)

Appeals to emotion

d)

Slippery Slope

34.

Everyone knows that teenagers are lazy

a)

Ad Hominem

b)

Band Wagon

c)

Appeals to Emotion

d)

Hasty Generalization

35.

Everyone seems to support the changes in the vacation policy, and if everyone likes them, they must be

good.

a)

Slippery Slope

b)

Band Wagon

c)

Misplaced Cause and Effect

d)

Ambiguity

36.

An error in reasoning

a)

Falsehood

b)

Rhetorical Devices

c)

Logical Fallacies

d)

Mistake

37.

Using a personal experience or an isolated example instead of a sound argument or compelling evidence

a)

Anecdote

b)

Stereotypes

c)

Loaded Language

d)

Bandwagon Appeals

38.

Words and phrases that elicit a strong emotional response from the reader or listener

a)

Anecdote

b)

Loaded Language

c)

Circular Reasoning

d)

Sweeping Generalizations

39.

The assumption that the opinion of the majority is always valid: that is, everyone believes it, so you should too.

a)

Loaded Language

b)

Stereotypes

c)

Bandwagon Appeals

d)

Sweeping Generalizations

40.

The reasoner begins with what they're trying to end with

a)

Circular Reasoning

b)

Bandwagon Appeals

c)

Loaded Language

d)

Anecdote

41.

An argument that assumes the truth of what it is trying to prove.

a)

hasty generalization

b)

circular reasoning

c)

straw man argument

d)

ad hominem

42.

An argument that appeals to popular opinion as the basis for its truth.

a)

hasty generalization

b)

circular reasoning

c)

guilt by association

d)

bandwagon fallacy

43.

An interruption between the initial idea and the conclusion.

a)

red herring

b)

ad hominem

c)

non sequitur

d)

bandwagon fallacy

44.

An argument based on a personal attack on someone's character.

a)

appeal to nature

b)

ad hominem

c)

non sequitur

d)

bandwagon fallacy

45.

Substituting a person's actual position with a misrepresented (and usually weaker) version of their argument.

a)

straw man argument

b)

appeal to nature

c)

non sequitur

d)

guilt by association

46.

Drawing a conclusion based on a small sample size; a broad claim based on limited evidence.

a)

non sequitur

b)

false causation

c)

red herring

d)

hasty generalization

47.

An argument that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important issue.

a)

straw man argument

b)

false causation

c)

red herring

d)

hasty generalization

48.

Jack is a good athlete. Jack comes from Canada. Therefore, all Canadians are good athletes."

a)

red herring

b)

ad hominem

c)

non sequitur

d)

bandwagon fallacy

49.

"Four out of five dentists recommend Happy Glossy toothpaste. Therefore, it must be great."

a)

non sequitur

b)

false causation

c)

red herring

d)

hasty generalization

50.

"Because everybody thinks this way, it must be right."

a)

hasty generalization

b)

circular reasoning

c)

guilt by association

d)

bandwagon fallacy

51.

Which type of reasoning starts with specific observations and then draws a general conclusion?

a)

Inductive reasoning

b)

Abductive reasoning

c)

Deductive reasoning

d)

Analogical reasoning

52.

What is deductive reasoning?

a)

A method of reasoning that involves making generalizations based on specific observations.

b)

A logical process to derive conclusions from premises or statements.

c)

A process of reasoning that relies on intuition and personal beliefs.

d)

A technique of reasoning that involves making conclusions based on emotions or feelings.

53.

What is inductive reasoning?

a)

Inductive reasoning is a type of logical reasoning that involves making generalizations or predictions based on specific observations or evidence.

b)

Inductive reasoning is a type of emotional reasoning.

c)

Inductive reasoning is a type of mathematical reasoning.

d)

Inductive reasoning is a type of deductive reasoning.

54.

What is an example of inductive reasoning?

a)

Every dog I have seen has fur. Therefore, all dogs have fur.

b)

Every bird I have seen can fly. Therefore, all birds can fly.

c)

Every car I have seen has four wheels. Therefore, all cars have four wheels.

d)

Every cat I have seen has fur. Therefore, all cats have fur.

55.

What is an example of deductive reasoning?

a)

All mammals have hair. A dog is a mammal. Therefore, a dog has hair.

b)

All mammals have feathers. A dog is a mammal. Therefore, a dog has feathers.

c)

All mammals have scales. A dog is a mammal. Therefore, a dog has scales.

d)

All mammals have fins. A dog is a mammal. Therefore, a dog has fins.

56.
All chickens that we have seen have been brown; so, all chickens are brown. 
a)
Deductive
b)
Inductive
57.
It is dangerous to drive on icy streets.  The streets are icy now so it is dangerous to drive now. 
a)
Deductive
b)
Inductive
58.
Snakes are reptiles and reptiles are cold blooded; therefore, snakes are cold blooded. 
a)
Deductive
b)
Inductive 
59.

A dental assistant notices a patient has never been on time for an appointment. She concludes that the patient will be late for her next appointment.

a)

Abductive Reasoning

b)

Deductive Reasonging

c)

Inductive Reasoning

60.

I heard scratching sounds coming from the ceiling and noticed there were droppings on the floor. I’m pretty sure we have a mice infestation at our house.

a)

Abductive Reasoning

b)

Deductive Reasoning

c)

Inductive Reasoning

61.

A person must have a membership to work out at a gym. Jesse is working out at a gym. Jesse has a membership to the gym.

a)

Abductive Reasoning

b)

Deductive Reasoning

c)

Inductive Reasoning

62.

This piece of evidence utilizes short stories to explain a situation.

a)

Commonly Accepted Beliefs

b)

Expert Opinion

c)

Anecdote

d)

Fact

63.

What is deductive reasoning?

a)

Drawing specific conclusions from general premises based on facts

b)

Making generalizations based on specific observations or patterns

c)

Making a probable conclusion from what you know

d)

A kind of reasoning based on finding a common relational system between two situations

64.

What is inductive reasoning?

a)

Making a probable conclusion from what you know

b)

Drawing specific conclusions from general premises

c)

A kind of reasoning based on finding a common relational system between two situations

d)

Making generalizations based on specific observations or patterns

65.

What is abductive reasoning?

a)

To abduce a logical assumption from an observation or set of observations and/or experiences

b)

Drawing specific conclusions from general premises

c)

A kind of reasoning based on finding a common relational system between two situations

d)

Making generalizations based on specific observations or patterns

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