WorksheetsFinal Exam ES 2025
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 27mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
_________________ can be described as the atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, of a certain place at a certain time.
a)
Climate
b)
Storms
c)
Weather
d)
Air pressure
2.
Where do air masses gain their temperature and humidity properties?
a)
in convective zones
b)
from the jet stream
c)
in their source regions
d)
at fronts
3.
A(n) __________________________ is a large body of air in the lower atmosphere with specific temperature and moisture characteristics.
a)
weather system
b)
air mass
c)
air system
d)
weather front
4.
_____________________ air masses form over land and are dry.
a)
Continental
b)
Maritime
c)
Arctic
d)
Polar
5.
_________________ air masses form over water and are moist.
a)
Continental
b)
Maritime
c)
Arctic
d)
Polar
6.
Select the air mass that matches the following clue:
These cold, moist air masses form over the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
a)
Maritime Tropical
b)
Maritime Polar
c)
Maritime Equatorial
d)
Continental Polar
7.
Select the air mass that matches the following clue:
These hot, dry air masses form in the summer over dry deserts in the tropical latitudes.
a)
Continental Tropical
b)
Maritime Polar
c)
Maritime Equatorial
d)
Continental Polar
8.
Select the air mass that matches the following clue:
These warm, moist air masses form over the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the eastern Pacific Ocean.
a)
Continental Tropical
b)
Maritime Polar
c)
Maritime Equatorial
d)
Maritime Tropical
9.
Select the air mass that matches the following clue:
These cold, dry air masses form over land in the polar latitudes.
a)
Continental Tropical
b)
Maritime Polar
c)
Continental Polar
d)
Maritime Arctic
10.
A _______________________ is the boundary where two air masses meet.
a)
weather station
b)
air station
c)
squall line
d)
weather front
11.
When air masses meet, the one that is __________________ will push underneath the other air mass.
a)
less dense
b)
smaller
c)
more dense
d)
bigger
12.
Which type of front is described in the statement below?
widespread clouds and steady rain or snow
a)
cold front
b)
warm front
c)
stationary front
d)
occluded front
13.
Which type of front is described in the statement below?
brings violent thunderstorms
a)
cold front
b)
warm front
c)
stationary front
d)
occluded front
14.
After changing to sediment the igneous rock is then transformed to sedimentary rock by_________________.
a)
a. cementation and compaction
b)
b. heat and pressure
c)
c. melting and cooling
d)
d. weathering and erosion
15.
Granite is an igneous rock. During the rock cycle, granite is changed into gneiss, a metamorphic rock. The processes that act on granite and change it into gneiss are
a)
a. weathering and erosion.
b)
b. heat and pressure.
c)
c. compacting and cementing.
d)
d. melting, cooling and hardening.
16.
Rocks can be classified as metamorphic, sedimentary or igneous based primarily on their
a)
a. color
b)
b. origin and formation
c)
c. density
d)
d. age
17.
Igneous rock transforms to sediment by_____________.
a)
a. heat and pressure
b)
b. cementation
c)
c. weathering and erosion
d)
d. melting and cooling
18.
What process causes an existing rock inside the earth's crust to become a metamorphic rock?
a)
a. Time
b)
b. Heat and/or pressure
c)
c. Weathering
d)
d. Melting
19.
Sediment is carried by wind and water from one location to another. The movement of sediment is called ______________________.
a)
weathering
b)
compaction
c)
solidification
d)
erosion
20.
Which type of rock is relatively soft and breaks apart easily compared to other types of rock?
a)
a. sedimentary
b)
b. metamorphic
c)
c. igneous
d)
d. magma and lava
21.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when ______________
a)
a. rock is put under great heat and pressure.
b)
b. an earthquake occurs.
c)
c. sediments are compacted and cemented together.
d)
d. rocks melt and then cool again.
22.
Which inference would best explain why fossils would not be found in igneous and metamorphic rock?
a)
a. metamorphic rocks form from hot, melted materials
b)
b. igneous rock always have interlocking mineral grains
c)
c. the process involves cementation and compaction of minerals
d)
d. heat associated with these two rock types would melt any fossil
23.
Over time, rock exposed on Earth’s surface is broken down by wind, water and other natural forces into sediment. This is natural process is ________________.
a)
compaction
b)
solidification
c)
weathering
d)
erosion
24.
Which of the following shows the steps of sedimentary rock formation in correct order?
a)
a. Deposition → Cementation → Compaction
b)
b. Deposition → Compaction → Cementation
c)
c. Compaction → Cementation → Deposition
d)
d. Cementation → Deposition → Compaction
25.
According to the rock cycle, what processes directly lead to sedimentary rock formation?
a)
a. Heat and pressure
b)
b. Weathering and erosion
c)
c. Deposition and compaction
d)
d. Melting and solidification
26.
According to the rock cycle, what kind of rock can become sediment?
a)
a. Igneous rock
b)
b. Sedimentary rock
c)
c. Metamorphic rock
d)
d. All of the above
27.
The potentially harmful effects of mining can be reduced by
a)
reclamation of the land.
b)
strip mining.
c)
using more metals.
d)
flushing mines with water.
28.
Rocky material from which a valuable mineral or a metal can be extracted.
a)
lava
b)
gemstone
c)
ore
d)
boulders
29.
a measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching
a)
cleavage
b)
hardness
c)
fracture
d)
luster
30.
the color of the powder of a mineral
a)
cleavage
b)
hardness
c)
streak
d)
luster
31.
Which mineral is the most resistant to scratching?
a)
flourite
b)
talc
c)
diamond
d)
gypsum
32.
Which of the following properties of minerals is expressed in numbers?
a)
cleavage
b)
hardness
c)
fracture
d)
streak
33.
the splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces
a)
cleavage
b)
fracture
c)
streak
d)
luster
34.
the way in which a mineral reflects light
a)
cleavage
b)
density
c)
streak
d)
luster
35.
the breaking of a mineral along either curved or irregular surfaces
a)
fracture
b)
density
c)
streak
d)
luster
36.
the way in which a mineral reflects light
a)
cleavage
b)
density
c)
streak
d)
luster
37.
Directions: Use the chart to answer the following question.
Which mineral can scratch Corundum?
a)
Topaz
b)
Diamond
c)
Talc
d)
Quartz
38.
Classify the following fossil on the basis of how it formed:
a fossilized fern pattern between layers of rock
a)
carbon print
b)
original material
c)
petrified fossil
d)
trace fossil
e)
cast or mold fossil
39.
Classify the following fossil on the basis of how it formed:
dinosaur footprints
a)
trace fossil
b)
original material
c)
carbon print
d)
petrified fossil
e)
cast or mold fossil
40.
Classify the following fossil on the basis of how it formed:
trilobites and trees that have turned to rock
a)
petrified fossil
b)
original material
c)
carbon print
d)
trace fossil
e)
cast or mold fossil
41.
Classify the following fossil on the basis of how it formed:
animal-shaped voids found in pyroclastic tephra from the AD 79 eruption of Mount Vesuvius
a)
cast or mold fossil
b)
original material
c)
carbon print
d)
petrified fossil
e)
trace fossil
42.
Classify the following fossil on the basis of how it formed:
microscopic clamshells found in lake sediments
a)
microfossil
b)
original material
c)
carbon print
d)
petrified fossil
e)
trace fossil
43.
Classify the following fossil on the basis of how it formed:
insects encased in amber
a)
original material
b)
carbon print
c)
petrified fossil
d)
trace fossil
e)
cast or mold fossil
44.
Most fossils are __________.
a)
dinosaurs
b)
missing links
c)
marine (ocean) organisms
d)
vertebrates
45.
What is the name for the study of fossils?
a)
archaeology
b)
paleology
c)
paleontology
d)
petrology
46.
Who developed the system used today to classify organisms?
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Carolus Linnaeus
c)
Charles Lyell
d)
James Hutton
47.
What are sediments?
a)
A. Small sections of tectonic plates
b)
B. Small pieces of rock or soil material
c)
C. The new minerals created after chemical weathering
d)
D. The new land created by deposition
48.
Frost wedging, root wedging, exfoliation, abrasion, and thermal expansion are all examples of which of the following processes?
a)
A. Mechanical weathering
b)
B. Chemical weathering
c)
C. Erosion
d)
D. Deposition
49.
All of the following processes cause erosion on Earth’s surface except -
a)
A. Volcanic activity
b)
B. Waves
c)
C. Wind
d)
D. Moving water
50.
The geologic process by which water, wind, ice, or gravity moves pieces of rock or soil is known as ___________________.
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
deposition
d)
mechanical
e)
chemical
51.
A(n) ___________________ is a landform of sediments deposited where a river flows into an ocean.
a)
delta
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
e)
mechanical
52.
A(n) ___________________ is a deposit of sediments formed where a stream leaves a mountain range.
a)
alluvial fan
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
e)
mechanical
53.
Movement of large masses of rock, soil, or mud that occurs along the sides of hills and mountains is known as ___________________.
a)
mass movement
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
e)
mechanical
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