WorksheetsShell Geography Revision
Total questions: 39
Worksheet time: 32mins
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. What is this called?
Ecosystem
Habitat
Population
Biome
An organism that can make its own food. What is this called?
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
Parasite
Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy. What is this process called?
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Transpiration
Fermentation
90% of energy is released as heat (homeostasis causes heat to be an unusable form of energy), 10% is passed on to the next consumer level. What is this describing in an ecosystem?
flow of energy in an ecosystem
carbon cycle in an ecosystem
water cycle in an ecosystem
decomposition process in an ecosystem
A slide of large masses of snow and ice down a mountain. What is this called?
avalanche
earthquake
tornado
volcano
A large-scale avalanche formed when ice and snow breaks away from the main ice pack. What is this called?
slab avalanche
powder avalanche
crevasse fall
ice jam
________ are caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, underwater explosions, landslides, glacier calvings, or meteorite impacts.
Tsunamis
Hurricanes
Tornadoes
Earthquakes
A ________ is an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms.
consumer
producer
decomposer
autotroph
Each step in a food chain or food web is called a ________.
trophic level
biome
habitat
organism
A ________ is a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.
food chain
water cycle
rock layer
weather pattern
________ is an organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms.
A decomposer
A producer
A consumer
A predator
At each stage of the trophic pyramid, energy is used by the organism, and the energy is divided by ______ each time.
10
2
100
5
The process of photosynthesis transforms water, sunlight, and CO2 into ______ and ______ for the plant to use.
oxygen; sugars
carbon dioxide; proteins
water; starch
oxygen; fats
Respiration in ecosystems delivers ______ to cells in the body.
oxygen
carbon dioxide
glucose
nitrogen
How do nutrients move through ecosystems? They are either ______ or transferred into the soil.
eaten
burned
evaporated
dissolved
How have Evenki people adapted? They use ______ to move things. They are good knot tyers and they try not to disturb nature.
reindeer
sleds
horses
canoes
What are the impacts of oil extraction?
destroy or disturb land by drilling it, destroy vegetation, and destroy habitats
increase forest cover and biodiversity
improve air and water quality
create new natural habitats for wildlife
How could you prevent damage from avalanches?
snow blockers, tree plantation and concrete deflectors with run out zones.
building houses directly on avalanche paths
removing all trees from mountain slopes
ignoring avalanche warnings
Powder-snow avalanche: Define this type of avalanche.
avalanche of dry, recently fallen snow that has little cohesion
avalanche of wet, compacted snow with high cohesion
avalanche caused by melting ice and rock debris
avalanche triggered by volcanic eruptions
Wet Snow Avalanche: What happens when the snow pack becomes saturated by water?
Occurs when the snow pack becomes saturated by water. These tend to also start and spread out from a point. If water content is high they may take the form of slush flows. They move 25mph.
The snow pack becomes more compact and forms ice layers, preventing avalanches.
The snow pack remains dry and stable, reducing avalanche risk.
The snow pack evaporates quickly, leaving only ice behind.
Why do avalanches occur?
a steep slope, snow cover, a weak layer in the snow cover and a trigger
high temperatures and strong winds only
the presence of trees and rocks on the slope
rainfall during summer months
Why do people live near avalanche prone areas?
Skiing, hiking and other winter sports draw millions of people to the mountains. To support these activities, more roads, buildings, and towns are forced into avalanche prone areas.
Avalanche prone areas are the safest places to build homes.
People are required by law to live in avalanche prone areas.
Avalanche prone areas have the warmest climate in the region.
What are the physical processes causing tsunamis?
earthquakes on converging tectonic plate boundaries
volcanic eruptions in deserts
tornadoes in the atmosphere
forest fires in coastal areas
What was the result of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami?
What was the magnitude and impact of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami?
What was the cause of the 2004 Banda Aceh (Indian Ocean) Tsunami?
movement along a large fault displaced large amounts of water
a volcanic eruption created a massive wave
a meteorite impact in the ocean
strong winds generated a giant wave
What are the impacts of recent changes in sea level?
What is the process of ocean acidification?
Impacts of ocean acidification: The ocean is basic with a pH around 8, as CO2 is absorbed in the ocean the pH decreases and becomes more acidic. This causes problems from animals with a calcium carbonate skeleton.
The ocean is basic with a pH around 8, as CO2 is absorbed in the ocean the pH decreases and becomes more acidic. This causes problems from animals with a calcium carbonate skeleton.
The ocean is acidic with a pH around 6, as CO2 is absorbed in the ocean the pH increases and becomes more basic. This causes problems for animals with a silicon skeleton.
The ocean is neutral with a pH around 7, as CO2 is absorbed in the ocean the pH remains unchanged. This causes no problems for marine life.
The ocean is basic with a pH around 8, as CO2 is absorbed in the ocean the pH increases and becomes more basic. This benefits animals with a calcium carbonate skeleton.
The great ocean conveyor belt circulation.
The global ocean conveyor belt is a constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by temperature and salinity.
The global ocean conveyor belt is a stationary system of surface-ocean currents driven by wind only.
The global ocean conveyor belt is a system of rivers connecting different continents.
The global ocean conveyor belt is a process of ocean water evaporating and forming clouds.
The significance of the great ocean conveyor belt circulation on climate:
A vital component of the global ocean nutrient and carbon dioxide cycles. Warm surface waters are depleted of nutrients and carbon dioxide, but they are enriched again as they travel through the conveyor belt as deep or bottom layers.
It only affects the temperature of coastal regions and has no impact on global climate.
It is responsible for causing all major ocean storms and hurricanes.
It primarily serves to increase the salinity of ocean water without affecting nutrient cycles.
The threats on the great ocean conveyor belt circulation:
Global climate change could disrupt the global conveyer belt, causing potentially drastic temperature changes in Europe and even worldwide. The global conveyor belt is a strong, but easily disrupted process. Research suggests that the conveyor belt may be affected by climate change.
The global conveyor belt is immune to any environmental changes and will continue unaffected regardless of climate change.
The global conveyor belt only affects local weather patterns and has no impact on global climate.
The global conveyor belt is strengthened by climate change, making ocean currents more stable.
What are the consequences of a great ocean conveyor belt circulation shutdown?
What is the significance of the North Atlantic current on the UK?
Without the warm North Atlantic Drift, the UK and other places in Europe would be as cold as Canada, at the same latitude.
It causes the UK to experience frequent droughts throughout the year.
It makes the UK one of the hottest countries in Europe.
It prevents any rainfall from reaching the UK.
What is a cause of ocean plastics?
Urban and stormwater runoff, sewer overflows, littering, inadequate waste disposal and management, industrial activities, tyre abrasion, construction and illegal dumping.
Volcanic eruptions and natural hot springs.
Photosynthesis by marine plants.
Migration of whales and dolphins.
What is the impact of ocean plastics?
The most visible impacts of plastic debris are the ingestion, suffocation and entanglement of hundreds of marine species. Marine wildlife such as seabirds, whales, fish and turtles mistake plastic waste for prey; most then die of starvation as their stomachs become filled with plastic.
Ocean plastics have no significant impact on marine life and are quickly broken down by natural processes.
Ocean plastics improve water quality by filtering out harmful substances and providing nutrients for marine species.
Ocean plastics help increase fish populations by providing artificial habitats for breeding.
What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?
Increased volcanic activity under the sea
Decreased levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
Increased levels of CO2 being absorbed by the ocean
Melting of polar ice caps
Which process is responsible for the transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem?
Respiration
Consumption
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
They produce energy from sunlight
They consume other organisms for energy
They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients
They compete with producers for sunlight
